Do-it-yourself roof installation. How to make a roof at home with your own hands - an easy option for a home master

Experts assure that the construction of the roof of the house is the most difficult stage in the construction of the building. In this article, we will consider how the main elements of the roof structure fit together. Because the quality of the end result depends on it. Having understood the information received, you will understand what and why the masters do when installing the roof and will be able to ask the right questions when discussing the type of construction and the sequence of work.

A variety of roof structures is just a change in the complexity of assembly. Because there are very simple roofs, for example, shed roofs, which are not only easy to build, but also cheap in terms of the amount of materials used. In this regard, hip structures are many times more complicated. This means that more time is spent on their construction, and the consumption of building materials exceeds several times.

We will not go into the details of the variety of roofing structures. Let's just point out what they are. The photo below shows them in full.

The main elements of the roof structure

We must immediately make a reservation that not all roofs contain the elements that we list below. But since in general there is a conversation about the technology of building a roof, then everything must be designated. In this case, we indicate the dimensional parameters of the elements. They can vary depending on the applied loads. But for average roofs, standard sizes are also suitable.

Mauerlat- a bar on which the rafter legs rest. Its purpose is to distribute evenly along the walls the loads emanating from the roof structure. The optimal section of the Mauerlat is 150x150 mm.

ridge beam. This is a run, located in the uppermost part of the roof, on which the rafters abut with their upper ends. More often, a board with a thickness of 50 mm and a width of 200 mm is used for this.

Racks that support the ridge beam or rafters. Here, a bar with a section of 100x10 or 100x150 mm is used, depending on the section of the supporting elements.

Puffs, runs, struts are used as additional elements. Their cross section varies from 50x100 to 100x150 mm.

crate. There are two types of lumber here: a 50x50 lath or a board 20-25 thick and 100 or 150 mm wide.

Separately, it must be said about the rafters. This is the basis of the roof, so they are calculated taking into account the type of roofing material, snow and wind loads, as well as the installation step and the length of the span of the house. We will not go into details, we simply denote the dependence of the cross section of the rafter legs on the installation step and length. In the table below, this relationship is clearly visible.

The ratio of the cross section of the rafters with the installation step and their length Source banya-expert.com

On our website you can find contacts construction companies, which offer the service of calculation and installation of the roof and roofing. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

The sequence of construction operations

Installing a roof on a house is a strict sequence of construction processes. It cannot be broken. Here are the main steps:

measure box dimensions buildings, because often the actual parameters may differ from the design ones;

preparatory work associated with the preparation of tools and the acquisition of the required amount of building materials;

treatment lumber antiseptic;

Mauerlat installation;

ridge run installation, if there is one in the roof structure;

installation of rafters;

styling and batten fastening;

roofing installation, installation of a ridge, gable and cornice strips, droppers and other additional elements.

If the project includes roof insulation, then a heat-insulating cake is laid.

So, the stages are indicated, now let's move on to considering how all the above-mentioned lumber is attached to each other and to the walls of the house.

Mauerlat fastening to the walls

There are several options here, but more often they are used as anchor fasteners, which are fastened by welding to a reinforcing frame made of steel reinforcement, which is laid in the armored belt. The latter is a strip construction made of concrete, which is poured around the entire perimeter of the building along the upper horizontal planes of the walls.

Please note that if it is being built wooden house from logs or timber, then the upper crown of the building is used as a Mauerlat. If the house is frame, then the upper harness is made of timber.

Fastening rafter legs to the Mauerlat

There are also several options. But with the advent of perforated fixing profiles in construction, the installation process itself has been simplified several times. Today, few people use cuttings and other tricks. It is easier to install a profile, and fasten two wooden elements with self-tapping screws, adding a couple of long nails for reliability.

Attaching rafters to each other

Let's start with the fact that roof manufacturing technology is two options truss system: layered and hanging. The first in its design has a ridge beam, the rafters rest against it, and are also attached. The second is a design without a ridge run. The rafters rest against each other.

The first option is easier to build. All actions are performed on the roof. That is, first a ridge beam is installed on the supports. Racks with their lower ends rest against the floor beams. And on the top they put a beam that forms the ridge of the house. The elements are fastened with the same metal fastening profiles.

The rafters are laid on top of the ridge run, rested against each other and fastened together with perforated plates, and also attached to the ridge beam with mounting corners.

As for the hanging rafter structure, it is more difficult to implement. There is no ridge beam, the rafter legs at the top have nothing to rest against, so they are joined to each other. Doing it on the roof is not easy. Therefore, the construction of individual pairs of rafters connected by horizontal puffs is assembled on the ground. This structure is called a farm. After that, the finished trusses are lifted to the roof, installed and fastened together by intermediate runs. The connections of the truss elements to each other are exactly the same as in the previous operations.

Reinforcement of the roof structure

If the task is to build the roof of a house whose span exceeds 12 m, then you need to take care of strengthening the truss structure. In this case, they take one single option - the installation of props under the rafters. In fact, these are ordinary racks, which rest against the floor beams with their lower end, and the rafters with their upper end (somewhere in the middle of its length).

But it is necessary to take into account the installation step of the rafter legs. This is especially true of the hanging variety. They do not have an upper support, so there is a high probability of truss collapse. There is only one way out - to install runs on intermediate racks. They will link the farms together into a single structure. By the way, often such a run is also installed at the highest point. But this beam does not perform the function of a skate.

Some craftsmen believe that runs are an optional element, because the trusses are held together, ultimately, by a crate. To install roofs small size the statement is correct. But for large roofs with hanging rafters not without additional runs.

Lathing installation

This is the simplest process in the construction of a roof structure. To do this, use either nails or self-tapping screws as fasteners. The main requirement for the length of fasteners is double the thickness of the crate element. And this is the minimum.

And a few more nuances:

join the elements of the crate only on the rafters;

if a solid version is assembled from plates or sheets, then you need to choose a moisture resistant material;

slabs and sheets are laid on the roof in a checkerboard pattern, the main thing is that the joints are not on the same line.

Roofing and creating a heat-insulating cake

In this situation, the main thing is the accuracy of the sequence of construction operationsth.

On rafter legs across the roof laying waterproofing film. The process starts from the eaves and moves to the ridge. The subsequent waterproofing strips are laid on the previous ones with an offset of 10-20 cm. The joints are closed with self-adhesive tape.

Spend installation of roofing material.

The rest of the processes are transferred to the attic.

Laid between rafters insulation.

From above, strips, as in the case of waterproofing, are laid vapor barrier film.

When using heat-insulating materials that do not absorb moisture, for example, Penoplex boards, the vapor barrier film is an extra layer.

Video description

The sequence of the construction of the roof in the video:

Conclusion on the topic

Since there are several options for roofing structures, they build roofs in different ways. But at the heart of any model are the same construction operations. And these are: installation of a power plate, installation of a rafter system, battens, laying roofing material and assembling a heat-insulating cake. The latter may be absent if a cold roof is being built according to the project.

Many owners of suburban areas prefer to build a house on their own. The final stage of the construction of the building is the erection of the roof. With certain skills, you can reduce labor costs for employees and do the work yourself. Many do not know how to make a roof - in such cases it is better to take the help of skilled workers.

Types of erected roofs

First of all, you need to determine the type of roof, prepare necessary tools and materials. Roofing is one of the most important steps in building a house.

To make a roof, you will need to choose its type correctly. The simplest structures that you can make yourself include gable roofs with straight frames.

Overlapping the roof with one slope will save the material. If you make such a roof frame with your own hands, the laboriousness of the work will be less, and the installation speed, on the contrary, will be higher. But this method has several disadvantages. The first of them is not the most attractive: there is no way to equip an attic or attic. In this case, the space under the roof is too low.

Very often installed gable roof private house with my own hands. It is easy to make and allows you to get more space. Compared to the four slopes, it has less complexity and weight. Also in this case, less material is required. The roof of the house differs significantly from other types. In this case, you need to make triangular gables at the ends of the building.

Before you build a roof with your own hands with four beams, you will have to seriously prepare. This design has more elements compared to previous roofs. Besides, in the attic no way to do full windows , since the design is devoid of gables. Do-it-yourself roof installation in this case involves the installation of attic windows and skylights. They are designed for lighting and evacuation.

An excellent option would be a combined design. It can combine features of all these types. Another option for an attic is to build a roof with broken slopes. In this case, the lower part of the roof has a greater slope than the upper. This assembly allows you to raise the ceiling in the room and make the house more comfortable.

Materials for work

The modern construction industry offers a huge number of traditional and innovative roofing materials. To understand all their diversity, you need to consider in detail the main types of parameters. However, first you should understand what principles are used when choosing certain roofing materials. The choice of material depends on many factors:

The modern market is full of various roofing materials. They must not only be strong enough. A prerequisite is the ability to withstand various negative atmospheric factors.

The construction of the roof of a private house requires the preparation of tools and materials.

In particular, you will need:

Construction methodology

Consider how to properly make a roof. To determine the configuration and size of the roof, it is necessary to take into account the snow and wind load in the existing climatic conditions- the smaller the angle, the better design withstand loads. But a small angle (40 degrees or less) does not allow full use of the attic space.

The shape and structure of the roof is designed according to the project plan: the key supports of the roof system must match the lines and points load-bearing structures lower floor. Thus, it is necessary to take into account the width of the house, the presence of a longitudinal bearing wall. If the attic is not going to be used as a usable living area, you can build a secure roof with multilayer rafters. In this case, the rafters are attached to a track that supports the posts resting on the inner support wall.

If it is decided that the gable roof will be installed by yourself, you should carefully read step by step instructions. The functional parameters of the roof also depend on the correct insulation, characteristics and quality of the installation of the topcoat.

Independent Mauerlat device

Before you build the roof of the house securely, you need to take care of fastening the Mauerlat - the wooden dressing of the house, which serves as the boundary of the transition from the stone to the wooden part.

Block it in the following ways:

1. The bay strengthens the belt around the perimeter and fixes the studs in it. The step of the hairpin should be from 1 to 1.5 meters.
2. Then the studs are fixed in the last rows of masonry at home.

Cutting and installation of rafters

The rafters are the hardest part of the job. It is important not only to mount the legs of the rafters, but also to cut them correctly. In the event of a skew, the entire roof will “walk”, which is bad for the house.

Now it is necessary to cut off the upper edge of the board so that the system of rafters of two parallel legs can be connected with cutting edges without voids and gaps. To do this, you need to lift the board up, lean against the Mauerlat and raise it to the desired angle. In the center, overlapping to the rafter floor, you need to draw a line. This will be the board cut line. That is, in the upper part of the rafter we get an inclined cut. All rafters, cut with a pattern, are assembled securely at the top with staples, ties and bolts.

Roof gable device

The pediment is a continuation of the wall bounded by the slopes of the roof. If there is a gable roof, then the gables of the house are triangular. When installing the structure, the first parts are first installed, which subsequently serve as a frame for the gables. It is necessary to strictly check the verticality of the structure and make sure that they have the same height. A mountain range is attached to the upper part of the gables, on which the rest of the truss structures are later mounted.

Usually, gables are sewn up after roofing, but this can be done for more early stage. Boards 50 x 100 or 50 x 150 mm are mounted in a vertical or horizontal direction. The pediment, which can be built by hand, is often provided with windows. Gables need to be insulated.

Installation of the frame and roofing pie

In continuation of the topic, it is worth noting that the next step will be the installation of the frame and the building roofing pie. Once the system is ready, the frame needs to be laid, which will form the basis for the other materials of the pie - steam and waterproofing, as well as other insulation and roofing materials.

Roofing can be installed from unedged boards 100x50 mm. In this case, the spacing of the boards depends on the final roofing material. The heavier, the smaller the rack step should be. Usually it is 30 cm.

Important: under the frame, it is desirable to lay down a layer of vapor barrier. It will protect the insulation from evaporation from the house. Boards have already been installed on top of the barrier.

Now, perpendicular to the tree, you need to lay the beam in steps equal to the width of the plates or rolls of insulating material. Insulation is placed between them, neatly into the existing grooves.

From above, everything is covered with a layer of waterproofing and fixed with another perpendicular frame (in this case, horizontal). And already the last roofing material is being installed on it.

At the very end of the installation of the roof in the house, it is necessary to install drainage system. It is made of cut plastic pipes, they are bought in advance. Now it remains to sew up the roof with the selected material.

Do-it-yourself roof covering

The plank is stuffed onto the truss system, the pitch of which is calculated based on the characteristics of the roofing material - its size and rigidity, installation method. If the use of flexible materials (tiles, rolled bitumen) is required, it is necessary to make an even frame.

Roof tiling work is carried out in the following order:

Overlap must be reinforced in each wave. Covering the roof metal tiles, special attention should be paid to the reliability of the fastening of the sheets and the accuracy of their connection.

When installing the roof, everything must be done as carefully as possible otherwise heat loss will be very significant. Usually a gable roof is immediately carried out taking into account the use various materials. This allows you to build a roof with minimal economic costs. In addition, this approach speeds up and simplifies the installation of thermal insulation and vapor barrier systems. The construction of a gable roof is recommended to be carried out in stages with assistants. Compliance with the technology of work allows us to build a reliable, durable structure.

Building your own home is a noble and, of course, grateful deed. A self-built house is a source of pride in long years and a good investment that can be passed down from generation to generation. However, in order for a building to justify itself and stand the test of time, it is necessary to take care of its reliability from the very design stage. Optimal use of proven traditional materials and the most modern developments for building a house are a guarantee that the walls will withstand all external threats, but we should not forget about the roof of the house. In this article, we will tell you how to carry out roofing work with your own hands in such a way as to ensure the highest quality and durable result.

Theory

The first stage of work to create a reliable and durable roof is, of course, competent planning of upcoming work.

A correctly drawn up PPR for roofing work is a significant help for all subsequent actions - after all, the speed of work and the quality of the roof being created largely depend on how accurate and detailed the plan is. Therefore, the theoretical part should not be neglected in any case.

In general, roofing work includes the following steps:

• Assembly of supporting structures. This includes various rafters, beams and other details on which the entire roof will then be held.
• Mounting protective coating. A system consisting of several layers, designed to provide sufficient thermal insulation, as well as protection against moisture and noise.
• Creation of roofing. At the end of the work, an external decorative layer is applied, which protects the insulation system from harmful influences and gives the house a finished look. appearance.

Of course, specific measures at one stage or another depend on many factors - primarily the type of roof and the type of roofing.

According to their design, roofs are divided into:

• Shed roofs. They have a flat horizontal shape. Due to their characteristics, they are not used very often and are perhaps one of the most unpopular types of roofing for modern private houses.
• Double slope roofs. They consist of two slopes connected by a ridge. Due to the successful combination of simple design and pleasant appearance, this type of roof is the most popular today.
• Quadruple roofs. They are a direct continuation of the previous technology. The design of such roofs is very similar to gable roofs, however, instead of gables, they have two additional slopes.
• Multi-pitched roofs. Used in houses of complex non-standard shape. They can combine individual parts of all the above types, as well as elements contained at different heights.

Depending on the specific type of roof, the methods of its construction also differ.

The modern market of roofing materials is represented mainly by the following options coatings:

• Tiles are natural. The most traditional and recognizable material. Represents a prefabricated structure made mainly of natural clay.
• The tiles are soft. Also, due to the materials used for its production, it is sometimes called bituminous. It is a modern inexpensive analogue of natural tiles, made from various chemicals and compounds.
• Metal tile. A structure made of galvanized steel, which has a similar appearance to natural tiles, but at the same time is much easier to install.
• Fake roof. The basis of such a coating are large flat sheets of metal, fastened together using a special technology.
• Roll roofing materials. This category includes various modern materials, consisting of large-scale sheets fixed on the roof surface by gluing or fusing.

The choice of the most suitable of them also largely determines the methods of roofing.

Practice

So, having decided on the required appearance of the future roof and drawing up a detailed action plan, you can proceed to their direct implementation.

Roofing safety equipment deserves special mention.

Attention! No matter how simple it may seem to perform this or that work at a height, it is still a height, so extreme caution should be exercised here.

The first step after erecting the walls of the house is to create a frame for the future roof. To do this, a special system of rafters and supporting beams is assembled, corresponding to the selected roof configuration.

If the choice is made in favor of gable roof, then the rafters can be hinged, that is, rely only on the walls and the roof ridge.

In the case of creating a roof with four slopes, it is required to provide additional stability to the rafters with the help of auxiliary support systems. Such rafters are called layered, they have several nodes, along which the weight of the entire roof is evenly distributed.

The specific details of a particular design, as well as how to implement them, are enshrined in the relevant regulations, which can be consulted in case of any doubt. These, in particular, include ENiR - roofing works are marked quite clearly there.

After assembling the main supporting system, it is necessary to create a sufficient protective layer roofs.

At this stage, the so-called “pie” is made - a structure consisting of various layers, designed to protect the interior of the house from cold, moisture, and other external threats that may lie in wait for a residential building throughout its entire operation.

Each element of such a pie is a layer of a special insulating material that serves its own specific purpose.

It could be:

• Thermal insulation;
• noise suppression;
• moisture absorption;
• ventilation of the space between the layers;
• and much more.

Each specific set of materials is selected based on specific circumstances - external climatic conditions, and so on.

Depending on the materials used various methods mounts. Some materials can be glued, others can only be nailed, others are simply laid out on the prepared surface.

The latter, in particular, include the increasingly used in recent times slabs of various kinds glass wool. This material has a relatively small weight, but at the same time it has high thermal insulation and absorbent performance.

At the end of the creation of the insulating layer of the roof, you can proceed to the most difficult and critical part - the application of the roofing.

Unlike all other components of the roof, the roof is very clearly visible from the outside, and often at a fairly impressive distance, so it is necessary to make every effort to create it competently.

Note! To ensure proper ventilation of the inside of the roof, in some cases, it is necessary to first create a crate of wooden beams.

When the roof surface is completely ready for the application of roofing material - properly cleaned, equipped with battens, etc. - you can begin to create the desired coating layer. It still depends on the choice of material, but there are still a few general rules.

For example, roofing is always created starting from the outside of the roof, slowly moving towards its ridge. This ensures the rational use of the material, as well as the necessary level of safety for people performing roofing work.

Roofing can be fastened with a variety of various ways- these can be both special screws and nails, as well as more technological solutions such as fusing material onto the roof surface using special burners.

The latter is used for modern roll materials, while traditional types of coatings (such as various types of tiles) are connected in a more familiar, but at the same time reliable way.

In addition, there are several specific options - like, say, a device which is quite simple.

In this case individual elements coatings are interconnected using a special technology, the most obvious way to demonstrate it is a thematic video - roofing work using this technology is not so rare, so finding the appropriate training video is not a problem.

When the entire roofing sheet is neatly laid and securely fastened, a few finishing touches need to be done.

This may include the necessary sealing of all joints, the application of an additional external protective layer or special impregnation, as well as decoration roofing material.

After that, the entire process of performing roofing work can be officially considered completed. You can safely remove all auxiliary structures and systems, wait for all applied layers and coatings to dry, and use the finished house for its intended purpose.

A roof created in compliance with all norms and standards will serve you faithfully for a very long time, bringing warmth and comfort to the house.

And the realization that all this is done with your own hands will bring an additional feeling of confidence and comfort to your home.

The roof is one of the most important elements of any structure. The quality of the roof directly affects the safety, reliability and comfort of home operation. If desired, the roof of the house can be equipped with your own hands. Before starting the main work, study the features of the existing varieties of roofing systems and choose the most suitable system option for your case.

The easiest option to perform is a shed roof. For residential premises, as a rule, it is not used. Most often shed roofs settled in various outbuildings, outbuildings, bathhouses, etc.

The most popular option is a gable roof. It is also extremely easy to set up. Ideally suited for devices in small houses.

A little more difficult to erect, but also very popular and convenient is hip roof. May have various modifications. In general, such a roof consists of four slopes and is optimally suited for almost any home.

Not less than interesting option is half hip roof. This design is a kind of symbiosis of a hipped roof and a gable roof. Ideal for big houses and country cottages.

Another option four-slope design is hipped roof.

For lovers of original interesting solutions we can recommend paying attention to broken roofs. However, it is not recommended for beginners to take on their performance. Broken structures, although they look interesting, can hardly be called too simple to build. The sloping roof is perfect solution for houses with an equipped attic floor.

A more complex option with many different modifications is pitched multi-gable roof. Its construction requires the contractor to have relevant experience or qualified assistance from specialized builders.

Thus, each owner can independently choose a roof that is the most in the best way fit his needs. However, novice masters are advised to focus on gable and four-slope structures.

What is the roof made of?

Not only the appearance of the roof depends on the roofing, but also the arrangement of the truss system. The heavier the finishing material, the more durable the rafters should be.

The largest weight among the roofing materials used is natural ceramic tiles.

Rafters are made from wooden beam. Also for arranging the frame you will need wooden planks and slats. Do not forget about heat and moisture insulating materials, as well as fasteners in the form of nails and screws.

Calculate the cost of materials in advance. Calculations in each case are individual. Consider the area and design features of your roof.

The sequence of work on the installation of the roof

The work on the arrangement of the roof is carried out in several stages. Perform each of them in sequence, and you will get a reliable and durable roof.

First stage. This element is a strong and thick beam, fixed along the perimeter of the upper faces of the walls of the house. Mauerlat performs the functions of a support for the future truss system and the roof as a whole.

Secure the beam with anchor bolts. Anchors are recommended to be installed at the stage of pouring the reinforcing belt. In such a situation, it will be enough to simply lay the anchor in the solution so that their ends protrude from concrete structure. As a result, it remains only to put the timber on the protruding ends of the anchors, having previously drilled suitable mounting holes in the wood.

At the stage of attaching the Mauerlat, you will need a sledgehammer. With its help, you can plant the beam as tightly as possible.

Second phase. Rafters are made of boards or thick timber. Don't skimp on raw materials. Specifically, the rafters will have the greatest load, therefore this part roofing system must be as reliable as possible.

To fasten the rafters, use spacers, ties, crossbars and different kind jumpers. Install one end of the rafter leg on the Mauerlat, and dock the other at the top with the rafter leg installed opposite. The step between the rafters is selected individually, taking into account the size of the roof and the weight of the selected finish. The higher the load on the rafters, the smaller the step they need to be installed.

At the junction at the top, the rafters form an element called a ridge. Between the bars, special reinforcing jumpers are installed, they are also crossbars. In general, the truss system looks like a set of triangles connected with jumpers. It is best to collect such triangles at the bottom, and then simply lift and fix it on the roof in finished form.

Start installation with 2 extreme triangles. Install them and fasten them with a ridge beam, and then install the remaining rafter triangles, finally fixing all the elements with nails and screws of suitable size. To strengthen the system, install jumpers and additional ties.

Third stage. Thanks to these rails, the necessary ventilation gap will be created between the thermal insulation and the finish coating.

Fourth stage. Nail the laths of the crate to the slats of the counter-lattice. Fix the elements of the crate across the rafter legs. This completes the base of the roof. Proceed to the installation of protective materials.

Additional measures for the arrangement of the roof

Before laying the finishing material roof structure must be vapor-proof, insulated and protected from moisture. Vapor barrier is carried out using special membranes. Buy suitable material in a hardware store and secure it to the frame elements with a construction stapler and metal staples.

Also, the film can be fixed after the insulation has been laid. At this point, orient yourself as you wish. The vapor barrier film is attached from the side of the attic.

Traditionally used for insulation mineral wool. This is a high-quality and easy-to-install material, which is enough to simply lay between the rafters and further secure. Styrofoam and many other more modern and expensive materials are also suitable for insulation.

Traditionally, a 10-centimeter layer of insulation is laid. In regions with a very cold climate, the thickness of the thermal insulation can be increased.

The heater is covered from above waterproofing material. It is best to use a special vapor-permeable diffusion film. It will let steam out of the house, but will not allow external moisture to penetrate inside. The waterproofing film is recommended to be laid with a 10 cm overlap. Glue the joints with metalized adhesive tape. Attach the film itself to the roof frame using dowels or a construction stapler.

Tyvek Soft - vapor permeable waterproofing membrane

Laying the finish coat

When choosing a roof covering, be guided by your preferences and available budget. The most inexpensive, popular and easy to use material is slate. However, its use is often abandoned due to not the most attractive appearance. Therefore, slate is usually used to cover household and other buildings, and the house is covered with more respectable and attractive material.

A noble and beautiful in all respects roofing material is natural ceramic tiles. If you plan to give the choice in favor of natural tiles, consider the rather large weight of this material. Pay special attention to the quality and reliability of the truss system.

The tile is characterized by a long service life, has high performance characteristics and beautiful appearance, but it is quite expensive. It is because of the high cost that many owners refuse to use metal tiles. However, if desired, instead of natural material you can use its analogue - metal tile.

Galvanized steel sheets with special polymer coated they are practically in no way inferior to natural tiles, but they differ in much lower weight and more affordable cost. A wide range of metal tiles with a wide variety of coatings is available for sale, which allows you to choose the perfect material specifically for your roof.

The metal tile will allow you to significantly save time on the arrangement of the roof. This sheet material is easy and quick to install, and the finished coating has a beautiful appearance, imitating the surface of individual tiles.

Each roofing material is laid in accordance with individual technology. For example, sheets and individual fragments are superimposed one on top of the other, or they are slipped under each other. Before starting work, be sure to understand how the installation of your particular material is performed.

The main thing is not to save on materials. High-quality roofing - a guarantee of a long service life of the house and the safety of its residents. In the future, if you wish, you can save on additional accessories, for example, on a drain. However, roofing materials must be of exceptionally high quality.

After completing the installation of the finish coating, it is imperative to install a drain. Without this element, the walls of the house will be constantly flooded with water, which will not have the best effect on their condition. plastic pipes, previously sawn in two along the longitudinal side.

Thus, there is nothing complicated in self-assembly of the roof of the house. Follow the instructions, remember the recommendations received, and you will make a roof that is in no way inferior to the design of a professional assembly.

Video - Mounting the roof of the house with your own hands

Roofing is one of the final stages construction of any building. Roof installation is a responsible task, the quality of which determines the characteristics of the future home, including the safety of its inhabitants. Therefore, this stage needs to be given close attention. But this does not mean that in order to build a roof, you will have to call professionals. With the right approach, everything necessary work can be done on your own. And our article will tell you in detail how to make a roof with your own hands, drawings and photos will help you understand the nuances of the arrangement process and achieve an excellent result without any extra investment.

To the arrangement of the roof proceed after all other basic work is completed. That is, your future home already has a solid foundation and strong walls. We can say that the roof is the most expensive element of the structure, as well as requiring painstaking work. In order to fulfill quality installation roofing, you must at least know what types of roofs are used today and what are their features.

A building without a roof is not a building. Because the presence of a roof provides protection from cold and precipitation, retains heat, makes the building beautiful and livable. Just as a house cannot stand without one wall or without a foundation, so it cannot become a full-fledged dwelling without a good, reliable roof. Therefore, independent construction should be a thoughtful and balanced step so that it does not turn into a waste of time and effort. Think about what is needed to achieve your goal, analyze all the steps and draw up a detailed optimal plan actions.

The first thing to determine when planning the construction of a roof is its type. In this case, you can, of course, rely solely on your own aesthetic preferences. But this option is hardly the best choice. When determining the appropriate type of roof, it is necessary to focus on the features of the future building, its purpose, dimensions and other characteristics. It is necessary to correlate them with the features of various types of roofing, and then optimal choice will become obvious.

At the very least, you will choose the two options that are most suitable for the conditions of construction, and then you can already use your aesthetic preferences. So, today buildings are supplied with the following types of roofing:

• flat- the most common type used for multi-storey residential buildings;
• lean-to- a simple and practical option for buildings for household purposes or non-residential premises. Often barns and garages are supplied with such roofs;
• gable- a popular and common roof. Most often, she crowns residential village houses, baths. Structurally, it consists of two inclined planes connected at the top point to each other;
• four-sided, or hip- practical and original version. Differs in complexity in implementation in comparison with the above;
• attic– distinguishing feature of such a roof is that it is equipped under a residential attic space. Shape and appearance may vary. It is rather difficult to make such an option. This requires elaborate drawings;
• broken line- most often this type of roof is found in the following constructive version: a gable roof with kinks on either side starting at the center of each side of the roof. However, a broken roof can be performed in other versions, including in the attic.

When deciding on the type of roof for your home, pay attention to what is chosen when building modern houses. Analyze your own needs. Do you need loft space? If there is a need for it, then it makes sense to deal with a more complex type of roof in execution - an attic broken line. If not, then you can always turn to the "classic" gable design.

The complexity of working with a roof is largely determined not only by the type of roof chosen, but also by how large an area it should be. For large houses, it is difficult to build a roof, for small ones it is easier. The layout also matters. The complexity of the roof structure is determined to a greater extent only by the complexity of manufacturing the rafter system.

Once you have decided on the type of construction, it's time to choose your preferred materials. The type of material also influences the rafter system for your roof. After all, any material has a weight that exerts pressure. Therefore, rafters often require additional reinforcement. It is equally important to determine how the roofing material will be attached to the boards and other important points.

A well-executed and reliable drawing is the key to a successful solution to the problem of roofing. It is the basis of all work. Some elements of the roof deserve to be singled out for a separate scheme, especially for those nodes that are responsible for connecting the reinforcing parts and the rafter system.

The heaviest roofing material is ceramic tiles. Of course, it is beautiful and environmentally friendly, but it requires special preparation of the building for an additional serious load. This applies not only to the rafter system, but also to the walls and foundation. Look at a few drawings that may be useful to you in the process of doing your own roofing work.

best material for rafters - this is coniferous wood, with a moisture content of 20%. It should not have any knots or blue.

To solve the issue of arranging a roof, you must have:

• waterproofing material;
• vapor barrier material;
• waterproofing film;
• thermal insulation material;
• fasteners;
• tools.

The first stage of creating a truss system is the installation of reinforced concrete strapping over the walls. This is a mandatory step for any houses, except for log houses. Strapping is necessary to strengthen the walls and align them horizontally, create smooth surface.

Reinforced studs necessary for fastening the Mauerlat must be inserted into the strapping frame. Their height should be sufficient to protrude 3 cm above the Mauerlat. The Mauerlat itself is made from a bar of 20x20 mm or 150x150 mm, the purpose of which is to serve as the basis for the rafters.

Do not forget to pay enough attention to such an aspect as high-quality and reliable waterproofing. Appropriate material is placed on the strapping. As such, you can use roofing material. It is affordable and does an excellent job of protecting against moisture penetration. A Mauerlat is placed on top of it and fixed to the studs with galvanized nuts. Constantly monitor the degree of evenness of the Mauerlat laying with the help of a serviceable level.

When using wooden elements in your work, take care to ensure their durability. To do this, treat them with antiseptic compounds.

At the next stage, the so-called rafter legs are installed. The material here will be a beam of 150x150 mm. Spacers, struts, ties are created from boards of suitable sizes. The type of rafters can be hanging or inclined. It is determined by the design of the roof itself.

After installing the external rafters, you need to attach the crate. She's just nailed to the rafters. The material for it are boards 2 cm thick. Do not forget about the features of the type of roof you have chosen, because it is he who determines the design of the crate - it will be solid or with gaps.

But before the crate, one more important task must be solved - to isolate the rafters from moisture. If you plan to use the attic for a living room, then additional insulation is required. Thermal insulation is laid between the rafters. Use foam or mineral wool. If you skip this important step, then later you will have to perform the same manipulations under the already assembled roof which is rather inconvenient. Therefore, take care of this in advance.

For the living room, the insulation is placed in a double layer, each of which is at least 50 mm. The material you choose must simultaneously retain heat and perform a soundproof function. It is recommended to put vapor barrier materials on the insulation. Otherwise, there is a risk of condensation on the insulation. If you are building a roof yourself, then it makes sense to follow in detail professional advice and instructions, so that the design turned out to be of the highest quality.

The finishing line in the creation of the roof is the laying of the roofing material. Most often used slate. It is inexpensive, time-tested, durable. But today it makes sense to pay attention to more modern materials: tiles, ondulin, etc. In this regard, it is difficult to advise anything, since the properties and features of all materials are different, as well as their cost. Therefore, choose according to your own taste and according to your capabilities.