Accessories for lightning protection, possible options. Passport "lightning protection for the mast structure" Lightning protection systems: active and passive

Most people who are not very versed in electricity do not understand the importance of installing a system to drain the current produced by atmospheric phenomena. And how to fill out a passport for lightning protection, in general, few people know. Meanwhile, this document is an important condition for ensuring the security of any object.

In accordance with GOST R IEC 62305-2-2010, lightning protection for buildings and structures is carried out in without fail. It should be noted that this applies to both residential and industrial facilities. It is also important that right choice categories. The safety of the structure directly depends on this factor. In any case, the lightning protection device consists of certain elements. This is a receiver, grounding devices and a lightning rod. Correct and competent installation of the system ensures uninterrupted operation.

Lightning protection test

How to check lightning protection for compliance with GOST, qualified specialists of Alef-Em know. In this case, the requirements of the rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE) should be taken into account. The main parameters are as follows:

accessible location of ground electrodes;
strength of connecting elements;
the level of reliability and functioning of devices that act as fuses;
measurement of grounding elements.

After they were carried out verification work, it is necessary to draw up an act. Additionally, drawings are attached to it.

Normative documents

Anyone who deals with such devices needs to know what regulatory documents regulate the lightning protection of buildings. There are two main ones: "Instruction for lightning protection of buildings and structures" RD 34.21.122-87 and "Instruction for lightning protection of buildings, structures and industrial communications" CO 153-343.21.122-2003. Lightning protection and grounding must be carried out in accordance with the standards published in these documents.

Also in 2011, GOST R IEC 62305-1-2010 “Risk Management. Lightning protection. It should be noted that it consists of two parts. The first provides information about general principles protection against lightning, and the second tells how to assess the risks.

The conditions that must be taken into account when lightning protection is designed are prescribed in SNiP (sanitary norms and rules).

Checking and inspection of lightning protection devices

When the lightning protection devices are checked and inspected, all changes are made to the passport. This document is mandatory and includes the following:

schematic arrangement of elements;
data on the introduction of the system into operation;
information about grounding elements;
indicators of the level of corrosion of devices;
resistance values;
reporting data in case of inspections and repair work.

All this must be entered when any indicators change. Also, the system must be constantly checked for operability.

Help from professionals

The help of qualified specialists allows you to avoid various errors and inaccuracies in the course of work and inspections, troubleshooting.

Alef-M employees have extensive experience in this area, which allows them to realize even the most difficult task competently and efficiently. In addition, when performing work, compliance with regulatory documents and established standards is observed.

Documentation for any electrical installation includes a drawing of a grounding device (grounding), an accurate description of all its parts and resistance calculated for specific operating conditions. Rules for the operation of electrical installations (PTEEP) require that a passport be entered for any grounding. What information is entered in the passport of the ground loop, and how to fill it out correctly?

General information

Grounding is installed to protect a person from electric shocks, it also provides correct work electrical appliances. When talking about a grounding device, they mean the grounding conductor and grounding conductors together. When installing a grounding mechanism, it is necessary to issue a passport.

The passport for the grounding device must include the following elements:

date from which the operation of the device began;
enumeration of technical characteristics and properties;
the results of inspection of the state of the device;
list of inspections and detected faults;
executive scheme.
information about the repair and those transformations that were made to the design.

Breaks and insufficient contact throughout the entire circuit between the electrical installation and the ground electrode must not be allowed. It is necessary to measure the electrical resistance of the structure and inspect its constituent parts. For this purpose, soil is raised in different places, and an inspection is carried out.

Grounding device passport form

Passport for grounding has the status of the main normative document, therefore, when checking electrical installations by authorized bodies, it must be provided.

There is a special data entry form - form 24. When filling out the passport of the grounding device, indicate the name of the electrical installation and the date it began to operate.

If repairs were carried out, the date of their completion is noted.

The list of grounding technical characteristics includes information on the material of the grounding electrodes, their number, dimensions, and configuration. Separately, vertical and horizontal earthing switches are described. The depth of the connecting strips is indicated.

The passport must contain an executive grounding scheme. Make any changes related to the repair, replacement of parts. If there are changes in the design, they are also noted.

Data on the resistance of the soil and the grounding device are entered, the method of connecting the elements is noted. Describe what kind of protective agent the joints are coated with (enamel, resin, etc.).

Entering test results

There is no single form for a grounding device passport. There is only a recommended sample. It can be changed at your discretion, however, the main data must be present in the document.

On the very first page (cover) write the name of the object, then go specifications and diagram. Then a table is presented in which the results of the inspections are entered.

Since earth electrodes are in close contact with the ground, corrosion resistance is important for them. Each time during inspection, special attention is paid to the degree of corrosion and the characteristic is entered in the table. The specialist inspecting the grounding writes down his name on the form and signs it. Such entries in the passport are made every 6 months, in accordance with the requirements for the timing of the check.

Selectively, the soil is opened and. A table is also provided for these data in the passport. After checking the ground circuit, an act is drawn up and applied to the passport. The frequency of such inspections is much smaller - once every 12 years.

Details on the methods of monitoring grounding equipment can be found in the training manual RD 153-34.0-20.525-00.

portable model

This type of grounding is used to ensure safety when working on electrical equipment which is in the off state. It is also used on those parts of the device through which current should flow, but it is turned off for the duration of the work. Absolutely all portable devices strictly comply with GOST.

A passport is also issued for portable grounding. It contains information about the technical characteristics of the product, information about its acceptance and operation permit, manufacturer's warranties, as well as storage conditions and safety precautions for handling the device. In fact, this document is similar to any other electrical product passport.

The need to draw up a passport for a grounding device is stipulated by law. According to the regulatory data of PTEEP, the grounding loop passport contains:

main technical characteristics of the device;
data on the checks made for the proper operational condition of the grounding system.

The standardization of the existence of such a document is justified by its main task.

Why do you need a passport

In the passport of the grounding kit, data are recorded on the features of the installation of protective grounding of electrical installations, oriented to the structural characteristics of various types of objects.

There are several types of grounding systems and technologies for its production. Choice the best option carried out based on the analysis of various aspects (resistivity different kind soils, climatic changes in soil resistance, etc.). Using the passport data, the specialist will be able to choose the most suitable grounding kit for a specific circuit.

Proper and clear documentation of protective equipment is essential for normal functioning electrical system object. All test reports entered into the document, examples of tests performed and other additional research materials serve as documentary evidence of the reliable operation of the protective earthing system.

If some controversial issues arise, all recorded data can be easily provided to specialized control bodies.

Passport for grounding: what information does it contain

The document displays not only different kind technical and design and research information about the ground loop, as well as additions - these are all grounding schemes.

Standard structural content of the passport:

Cover.
Technical parameters of the device.
A significant number of tables. The following table data is entered:
- Visual inspection materials (data on corrosion, defects, and suggestions for troubleshooting options).
- The results of all inspections.
- Description of the repair work carried out.
- Data that is displayed in special protocols and acts. Documents on measurements or tests are separately attached to the passport.
Additional information:
- Data about possible connection with similar grounding devices or different communications.
- Date of commissioning of grounding equipment.
- All basic device parameters.
- The resistance of the spreading current of the ground electrode.
- Soil resistance and metal bonding.

Additional information is written if there is a need to fix it - this is not generally required.

Grounding device passport form

There is a standardization of data entry forms for various technical documentation. Form 24 is legally fixed for the grounding device.

The date of commencement of operation and the type of electrical installation are indicated. Specifications describe the technical characteristics of the grounding system:

data on the material of grounding electrodes;
number, size and configuration of earth electrodes;
displays data on the occurrence of connecting strips.

You can get acquainted with the principle of filling out such a technical document by example. The content and form of the protective earthing passport form can be modified, but the main information must be displayed (cover, technical specifications, drawing).

The principle of entering the results of the check

Inspection of grounding by a specialist should be carried out once every six months. It is very important to display the result of each check in a table. The main point to which attention is drawn during such an inspection is the resistance of ground electrodes to corrosion.

There should be no breaks at the connection points of the electrical installation with the grounding device. The contact of all elements of the circuit is checked. It may be necessary to break ground to measure the electrical resistance of the device and to inspect the condition of the ground circuit. The results are entered in the corresponding table. The frequency of such an inspection is at least once every 12 years.

If certain faults with grounding equipment are detected, specialists will begin work to eliminate them. At this stage, portable grounding is often used.

Passport for portable model

By means of a portable grounding model, the safety of electrical installation or repair work on switched off electrical equipment is realized. All such devices comply with GOST.

The requirement to issue a passport for such devices has been legally approved. The structure of the technical document of the portable model is very similar to that of the electrical equipment.

Standardization of passport data of a portable grounding model:

technical parameters and characteristics of the device;
data on the acceptance of the product;
permits for its operation;
device manufacturer's warranty;
conditions of its storage;
safety measures while working with it.

With the right device, such a portable model of grounding equipment is the main means of protection during work with electrical installations in circuits without permanent chargers (up to 1 kV).

All technical documentation for the protection of an electrified object is drawn up taking into account the relevant norms and rules. A responsible approach to the design, electrical installation of grounding and proper documentation of the results of such work will serve as a guarantee of the maximum level of safety for the elements electrical network and its users.

Documents on measurements or tests are separately attached to the passport.

Additional information:

Data on possible connection with similar grounding devices or various communications.
Date of commissioning of grounding equipment.
All basic device parameters.
The resistance of the spreading current of the ground electrode.
Soil resistance and metal bonding.

Additional information is written if there is a need to fix it - this is not generally required. Grounding device passport form There is standardization of data entry forms for various technical documentation. Form 24 is legally fixed for the grounding device. The date of commencement of operation and the type of electrical installation are indicated.

Passport of lightning protection

There are several types of grounding systems and technologies for its production. The choice of the optimal option is carried out based on the analysis of various aspects (specific resistance of different types of soils, climatic changes in soil resistance, etc.).
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Using the passport data, the specialist will be able to choose the most suitable grounding kit for a specific circuit. Properly and clearly drawn up documentation on protective equipment plays an important role for the normal functioning of the electrical system of the facility.

All test reports entered into the document, examples of tests performed and other additional research materials serve as documentary evidence of the reliable operation of the protective earthing system. If some controversial issues arise, all recorded data can be easily provided to specialized control bodies.

Passport form of lightning protection devices

The need to draw up a passport for a grounding device is stipulated by law. According to the normative data of PTEEP, the ground loop passport contains: Contents:

Why do you need a passport
Passport for grounding: what information does it contain
Grounding device passport form
The principle of entering the results of the check
Passport for portable model

main technical characteristics of the device;
data on the checks made for the proper operational condition of the grounding system.

The standardization of the existence of such a document is justified by its main task.
Why you need a passport The passport of the grounding kit contains data on the features of the installation of protective grounding of electrical installations, oriented to the structural characteristics of various types of objects.

What information does the passport of the grounding device contain and how to fill it out

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Documentation of lightning protection

Passport of lightning protection. Sample No. 1 download Passport of lightning protection. Sample №2 download What is a lightning protection passport? The lightning protection passport is a document that is transferred to the Customer (the owner of the building or structure) from the organization that installs or checks (control tests) the lightning protection and grounding system, with the data of visual inspection, checks and measurements of the system elements for compliance with their requirements of the project and regulatory documents ( basic RD 34.21.122-87, SO 153-34.21.122-2003 and others).

Info

This organization must have a certified electrical laboratory and the necessary devices for control and verification, duly verified. When is certification required? It is carried out during acceptance work, comparative or control tests, as well as after a certain service life for compliance with operational characteristics.

Downloading the document "passport for the grounding device of the power facility"

Specifications describe the technical characteristics of the grounding system:

data on the material of grounding electrodes;
number, size and configuration of earth electrodes;
displays data on the occurrence of connecting strips.

Inspection of grounding by a specialist should be carried out once every six months. It is very important to display the result of each check in a table.

Attention

The main point to which attention is drawn during such an inspection is the resistance of ground electrodes to corrosion. There should be no breaks at the connection points of the electrical installation with the grounding device.

The contact of all elements of the circuit is checked.
Specialist Group: MembersPosts: 552Registration: 12/13/2006From: Nizhny NovgorodUser №: 7881 I have never met the requirement for a passport form. As for its content, the necessary information can be obtained from the RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE OPERATING AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION, THE PROCEDURE FOR ACCEPTANCE AND OPERATION OF LIGHTNING PROTECTION DEVICES - the last section of the instructions for lightning protection and p.

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A sample of filling out a lightning protection passport

It is necessary to specify:

the purpose of the tests (acceptance, comparison, control tests, operational, for certification purposes)
climatic conditions (temperature, air humidity, atmospheric pressure)

As a result, the table indicates the locations of measurements and the elements of the system for which they were made, the number of points of the same type and the resistance value itself. Be sure to follow the information about the device that was tested (type, serial number, metrological characteristics, dates of verification, number of the certificate and the authority that issued it).

An example of filling out a lightning protection passport

Grounding device resistance test protocol Grounding device resistance test protocol (garage building) download GD resistance test protocol (industrial building) download

Type and nature of the soil
Soil resistivity
Rated voltage of the electrical installation
Neutral mode

The measurement results are entered in the table:

Place of measurement with indication of the measurement point on the diagram
Measured resistance value
Seasonality factor
Reduced final resistance value

Based on the measurement data, conclusions are drawn and a conclusion is made about the compliance of the obtained values with the requirements of the standards.

Lightning protection passport form

This document is mandatory and includes the following:

schematic arrangement of elements;
data on the introduction of the system into operation;
information about grounding elements;
indicators of the level of corrosion of devices;
resistance values;
reporting data in case of inspections and repairs.

All this must be entered when any indicators change. Also, the system must be constantly checked for operability.
Assistance of professionals The assistance of qualified specialists helps to avoid various errors and inaccuracies in the course of work and inspections, troubleshooting. Alef-M employees have extensive experience in this field, which allows them to implement even the most complex task competently and promptly.

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Lightning protection, regardless of whether it is an industrial facility, a public building or a private cottage, is necessary - primarily because it will prevent the loss of life and fire, which can occur with a direct lightning strike.

Options for creating lightning protection

For each version of roofing, there are certain types of lightning protection. For example, the creation of protection against the consequences of a lightning strike for a soft roof is performed using a special mesh or special holders. As you can see in the photo, lightning protection nets consist of metal conductors, which are laid along the roof ridge, and electrical outlets, grounded separately. Their fixation is carried out using the material used for the installation of the roof. There is another way of arranging lightning rods, which is considered universal, this is the installation of masts on two gables of the building, between which a cable-wire is attached.

The design of lightning protection is different, and it is chosen based on the specific situation. So for a galvanized roof, the following method is used: steel wire with a diameter of 6 millimeters is rolled around the perimeter into roofing iron and grounded at the corners of the roof. In this case, the lightning protection of the chimney, which rises above the ridge, is created by mounting the lightning rod on the chimney, it is also grounded. A roof protected in this way will not be affected by a thunderstorm.

It has a number of features lightning protection of a warehouse and an industrial building when the roof is made of metal tiles. The fact is that this roofing material is durable and easy to install, but it is not always safe in operation, since the design of its sheets has a number of features.

Metal tiles are made of corrugated aluminum or steel plates, and they are covered with plastic on top on both sides (they are similar in functionality to capacitor plates). Roof sheets isolated from each other and from the ground are capable of accumulating electrical potential in the event of a lightning discharge - we should not forget that in some cases an electrostatic discharge reaches tens of thousands of volts.

It is known that there are regions in the country where thunderstorms occur more often than in other areas - before choosing metal tiles as a roofing material, it is necessary to take into account the above risks. Such objects belong to the 1st and 2nd class in terms of lightning protection, and the creation of lightning rods on them must be done correctly. At the same time, a lightning protection passport is entered for each grounding device in operation.

Lightning protection systems: active and passive

To make a decision on the admission to the operation of public and industrial buildings and structures, a lightning protection protocol is required, only certified laboratories can draw it up (read: "").

The passive system has been used for several centuries.

Lightning protection of a dacha, a residential building, a production facility may have one of such lightning rods as:

cable;
rod pin;
special mesh.

Relatively recently, an active one appeared and very quickly became popular. Its design is a mast mounted on the roof with a lightning rod attached to it. An active system differs from a passive one in quick installation and a wider protection zone. Compared to a rod lightning rod, it covers an area 5 times larger. An active system is relevant when lightning protection of churches, bell towers, water towers, television centers, etc. is required.

Lightning protection of a soft roof

Information on how to create an active or passive lightning protection of a cottage with your own hands on a soft roof can be found on the Internet. If a passive system is mounted, then it is used from 6 mm steel wire in increments of 6x6 meters to 12x12 meters. It is placed under a layer of insulation (necessarily fireproof or slow-burning).

We install grounding in a private house, a fairly detailed video instruction:

It is desirable that the installation of the grid is carried out in the process of roofing. If the soft roof is laid, then problems are possible. The biggest one is that there is a possibility of surface damage during the installation of the lightning protection mesh. This is due to the fact that such materials for lightning protection as steel wire are supplied in coils and they have to be straightened directly on the roof. Also, when carrying out work, it is necessary to move along the roof, and the integrity of the coating is not always possible to maintain (read also: "