Logic puzzles, logic puzzles, logic puzzles. The most difficult logic puzzle in the world What score did the football match end with? riddle

Solving puzzles is fun for people: it's great to know that you've just found the answer to one of the hardest logic puzzles in the world. However, this is not the only reason why you need to solve puzzles at least once in a while. Read about other reasons, about the most difficult logical tasks, the benefits of solving them in the article.

The most difficult logic puzzle

The most difficult task is named just like that. The people call it the "Battle of people and gods." The most difficult logical task was first proposed by a philosopher and logician from the United States of America. His name is George Boolos. The whole world learned about this puzzle after its publication in the newspaper "Republic", which is published in Italy. This happened in 1992.

Condition

The most difficult one looks intimidating from the very beginning. How is her condition written? Suppose there are three gods who know each other. One of them is the god of lies, the other of truth, and the third of chance. It is customary to designate them with the letters A, B and C, using the letters in any order.

The god of lies always speaks only a lie, the god of truth, on the contrary, only speaks. Finally, the god of chance can speak both the truth and a lie, while it is impossible to predict what he will say now.

The challenge is to figure out who each god is. To do this, you can ask just three questions. The most difficult logical task implies that all these questions can be addressed both to one god and to each, but in turn. It all depends on the answers received. Questions should only require an affirmative (“Yes”) or negative (“No”) answer.

It is indicated that the gods understand the language in which questions will be asked, but they answer in their own. You can either hear the word Ja or Da. It is not known which one means "No" and which one means "Yes".

• Questions can be asked in different ways: ask something from each of the gods or not all.
• Only after the answer is received, you can ask the next question.
• The god of chance decides what answer to give with the help of a coin in his head.
• There is such a thing as a paradox question. An example would be: "Are you going to answer 'Ja'?" So, you can't ask questions like that.

Solution

Boulos, the logician and philosopher who created the problem, suggested the course of the solution in his article. The first thing to do is to calculate the god of truth or the god of lies. To do this, create a question with complex logical relationships. It should sound something like this: "Let's assume that you are the god of truth, B is the god of chance, will Da mean yes?" Of course, this is not an exact wording, it is only an approximation. With the help of this question, one of the gods can be identified. Then it all depends on how to ask two more questions.

Sudoku "Escargot"

Many people are familiar with sudoku number-swapping games. The solution to this puzzle is great way do a 5 minute brain workout. You may be good at solving Japanese Sudoku. But can you solve the most difficult problem in your group?

AI Sudoku is an algorithm for creating complex Sudoku, built by a mathematician named Arto Incala in 2012. AT recent times there are more and more bots, but this one is considered the most difficult. It's called Escargot. Along with the main challenge, 19 other difficult Sudokus can be found that were also created by the bot.

To find the solution to the world's most difficult logical puzzle, sudoku, you need to allocate enough time for this. The British edition of The Telegraph reported that Escargot Sudoku is rated at 11 points on a difficulty scale, while the usual puzzles of increased complexity “pull” at 5.

The problem of recognition

Mikhail Moiseevich Bongard, a Russian cyberneticist, first published in his book an example of a logic puzzle called "The Recognition Problem" in 1967. However, Bongard's very difficult logical problems gained popularity later. This happened after the American scientist Douglas Hofstadter wrote about them in his book.

To find a solution to the "Problem of Recognition", it is necessary to identify a certain pattern, or rule. The six images that are on the left page match this rule. Accordingly, the images on the right page do not fit it.

Toughness number

Martin Gardner is an American mathematician who is the author of a large number various puzzles and tasks. The most famous of these is the search for the "hardness number". The point is to reduce a certain number to one digit in the least number of steps. To do this, it is necessary to multiply the constituent numbers sequentially.

The most common example of a solution is "77". You can reduce it to one number in a few steps. 7*7=49, 4*9=36, 3*6=18, 1*8=8. The action was performed four times, this is the "number of fortitude."

On specialized information resources related topics, many different puzzles are published, including the most difficult logical problems - with answers, tips, solution algorithms, etc. They always arouse great interest, so if you want to entertain yourself or your friends on a dank, damp evening, take this opportunity or even try to come up with a task yourself. Believe me, finding "strength numbers" is a very exciting activity.

Mystery for geniuses

According to statistics, real geniuses find the solution within ten seconds. According to polls, logical problems - complex, with a catch - do not cause much difficulty for Harvard graduates, it takes them no more than 40 seconds to complete this task. For example, Bill Gates passes this genius test in 20 seconds. 15 percent of the inhabitants of the Earth are gifted people, they find a solution in two minutes. Now look at this picture and guess which figure is superfluous here.

The answer is: figure number one. It has no common features with the rest of the images. Judge for yourself, figure #2 has no white border, and #3 is the only circle. While all other pieces are red, #4 is green, and #5 is obviously smaller than the others. Thus, only the figure number one does not have striking differences from most of the images, which is its main ... difference.

Islanders

Other interesting riddle also associated with lies and truth. Suppose two tribes live on the island at once. Liars always lie, and good fellows, on the contrary, always tell the truth. A traveler who met an islander asked him a question to find out who he was. He said that he was doing well, and he was hired as a guide.

During the journey, travelers saw another islander who, judging by the words of the escort, also claimed that he was well done. Attention, question! How to determine whether a conductor was a liar or a good fellow?

The answer sounds like this: on this island everyone says that they are great. Since the guide correctly conveyed the islander's answer to the traveler, it is clear that he is doing well.

Football teams

Above were presented to your attention both medium and very complex logical problems. With the answers written at the end, solving them is, of course, easier. And to strain the brain even more, you can create additional difficulties for yourself: do not write down the condition and try to find the right solution in your mind. So here's another puzzle.

There are several football teams. On the standings "Torpedo" takes the first place, "Spartak" - the fifth. Dynamo is in the middle between these two teams. Next, you need to be very careful: if Spartak is ahead of Lokomotiv, and Zenit takes place immediately after Dynamo, which of the five teams will take second place? You must answer within 30 seconds. It will sound like this: "Locomotive".

Internet puzzles

The Internet can be called a repository of puzzles. But many tasks require basic technical skills, such as the ability to find page source code for hints or modify image files. Remember that complex logic puzzles are designed to test your intelligence, not to test your knowledge of a computer.

Periodic NSA puzzle

The National Security Agency does not have the best reputation as it has been repeatedly suspected of spying on Internet users and breaching privacy. If you do not take this into account, you can find quite complex logic puzzles with answers on the official site of periodic puzzles. New tasks appear monthly. The answer is posted a few days after the question. The NSA Puzzle periodical only launched last year, which means that a collection of more than 12 puzzles is already available.

blue eyes

It is very interesting to work on solving a difficult puzzle for several days or even weeks. For patient people, the most difficult logic puzzle in the world called Blue Eyes will do. According to XKCD - the best web platform for geeks - it develops logical, mathematical and lateral thinking.

The creator of the puzzle heard it quite by accident and published it on the Internet. He didn't even use words. To find the key to solving it, you need to read the riddle, retell it and try to mentally find the answer to it. The most difficult logic puzzle in the world is very exciting, it takes up all your free time.

Friday's 101 Puzzles, or Richard Wiseman's 101 Puzzles

A professional psychologist named Richard Wiseman became an Internet celebrity thanks to his Youtube channel. He publishes on it various illusions, tricks and so on. On Fridays, the man shares another puzzle or riddle on his blog. To solve them, it is necessary to combine linear, lateral and creative thinking. Famous and other image-based riddles and problems can be found on the psychologist's blog.

"Logic Labyrinths", or puzzles by Robert Abbott

Robert Abbott is a programmer, logician and game developer. Fame came to him after the publication of "Logical Labyrinths", which are available for free. The essence of this puzzle is to go through the maze with the given rules.

The very first game, by the way, the simplest, which is called Easy Maze 1, must be overcome without turning left.

What are puzzles and logic tasks for?

Puzzles and various logic tasks have several positive qualities. Firstly, they train the human brain, secondly, it is very interesting to solve them, and thirdly, they allow you to develop certain character traits in yourself.

How useful can puzzles be for children?

• They develop perseverance in restless guys.
• They practice problem solving skills.
• Persistence is another quality that puzzles develop in children. After all, as you know, puzzles are difficult to solve the first time, for this you need to show patience.
• Improves hand coordination and fine motor skills when it comes to puzzles like the Rubik's Cube.

Of course, all the most important qualities of character are laid down in children at an early age, and this is greatly facilitated by logical tasks. However, they are also useful for adults who have long since graduated from school. The brain needs to be trained just like the body.

• In order for brain cells to age more slowly and less, it is necessary to regularly arrange procedures for “rejuvenation” for them, namely, to allocate time for solving puzzles.
• Logical tasks stimulate thought processes. Answers to the most difficult questions in life will come much faster if you regularly train your brain.
• There is an increase in serotonin levels. At the same time, the mood improves, but most importantly, the blood vessels that feed the brain begin to renew.
• Improves memory. With age, there are problems with remembering dates, names, cases. Crosswords, puzzles, and logic puzzles are best for developing memory.

One young man wanted to get into the club for a private party. To enter inside, visitors had to the guard, to the phrase he said, to answer the word-password. The young man hid not far from the guards and began to eavesdrop - what the guards ask and what the visitors answer. The guard asked the first visitor: "Twenty-two?", the visitor answered "Eleven" and was allowed inside the club. The guard asked the second visitor a question: "Twenty-eight?", the visitor answered "Fourteen" and was allowed inside the club. The hidden young man thought that he had guessed the cipher and approached the guard, who asked the question: "Forty-two?" The young man replied, "Twenty-one." The guard did not let him in and said that the party was for invitees only, i. the cipher was named incorrectly. And what do you think the guard should have answered this question if the answer twenty-one is not correct?

Finally, Krol looked up from the computer and decided to take a walk, get some fresh air. It was only later that Fomuvi found out that the electricity had simply been turned off. But this is not the point, but how a furry friend found great children's football riddles.

It all started with the fact that Krol was simply tired of shooting games and racing on the computer. Online games are also fed up. What to play? I need to try other genres! On the advice of one of his friends, he decided to download fifa - a football simulator known throughout the world. But at the hottest moment of a football match, when Krol was punching a penalty, the electricity was turned off and the screen went out. He quarreled, quarreled, but there was nothing to do. So I decided to go outside. Captivated by football excitement, he took the ball, dressed like a football player, and went out the door.

He knew that in the yard the guys often chase the ball and that it was easy to find a team there. Making his way through the jungle of cars, Krol came out to the playground. His surprise knew no bounds. All the guys stood in a row, and Uncle Kolya was pacing back and forth in front of them. Previously, Krol saw Nikolai only in the park with other old people playing in, and. Therefore, to see him here was a complete surprise.

Football is a team game! There must be not only physical dexterity, but also team spirit. And the spirit of the team is supported not only by victories. You won't always be able to win, I'm telling you - the best player in this court in the past. Here we need slogans, football riddles. So, I ask a riddle - you answer! Is everyone clear?

— Yes, Uncle Kolya!

- And you, Krol, what are you standing on the sidelines for? March in line! Let's start.

I see that the team spirit is on top! It's you guys. Football riddles popping like seeds. Now I will teach you how to play together, otherwise you run like loners. Krol, you will be the goalkeeper for the first time. Otherwise, I rarely see you here, watch and learn the rules of football. Well, catch the ball, of course!

Riddles with a trick - riddles with a simple question and a non-standard answer. At first glance, the answer may seem strange and wrong, but if you carefully read the riddle and think about the answer, it will turn out to be quite logical. Trick riddles are usually not without a sense of humor. They not only develop ingenuity and out-of-the-box thinking, but also bring fun. Tell riddles with a trick to your friends and relatives, have a fun and useful time.

The same person always came to the football match. Before the start of the game, he guessed the score. How did he do it?
Answer: Before the start of the game, the score is always 0:0
82805

More than an hour, less than a minute.
Answer: Second (hand of some watch models)
Tag. Anna
48492

What language is spoken silently?
Answer: sign language
138495

Why is the stopcock red on trains and blue on planes?
Answer: Many will say, "I don't know." Experienced will answer: "There is no stop valve on airplanes." In fact, the plane has a stopcock in the cockpit.
Makarova Valentina, Moscow
32397

The boy paid 11 rubles for a bottle with a cork. A bottle costs 10 rubles more than a cork. How much does a cork cost?
Answer: 50 cents
Orlov Maxim, Moscow
40963

One French writer terribly disliked the Eiffel Tower, but he constantly dined there (on the first level of the tower). How did he explain it?
Answer: This is the only place in all the vast Paris, from where it is not visible.
Borovitsky Vyacheslav, Kaliningrad
38373

What city are you hiding in? male name and side of the world?
Answer: Vladivostok
Mezhuleva Julia
44366

Seven sisters are in the country, where each is busy with some business. The first sister is reading a book, the second is cooking, the third is playing chess, the fourth is doing Sudoku, the fifth is doing the laundry, the sixth is looking after the plants. And what does the seventh sister do?
Answer: plays chess
Gobozov Alexey, Sochi
44176

Why do they go often, but rarely go?
Answer: stairs
177161

It goes uphill, then downhill, but remains in place.
Answer: Road
137838

Which word has 5 "e" and no other vowels?
Answer: immigrant
Radaev Evgeny, Petrozavodsk
40594

Two people approach the river. Near the shore is a boat that can only support one. Both men crossed to the opposite bank. How?
Answer: They were on different shores
25 25, Vladivostok
30484

Vasily, Peter, Semyon and their wives Natalya, Irina, Anna have been together for 151 years. Every husband is 5 years older than his wife. Vasily is 1 year older than Irina. Natalya and Vasily together are 48 years old, Semyon and Natalya are together 52 years old. Who is married to whom, and how old is who? (Age must be expressed in whole numbers).
Answer: Vasily (26) - Anna (21); Peter (27) - Natalia (22); Semyon (30) - Irina (25).
Chelyadinskaya Victoria, Minsk
18729

Jackdaws flew, sat on sticks. They sit down one by one - the jackdaw is superfluous, they sit two by two - the stick is superfluous. How many sticks were there and how many jackdaws were there?
Answer: Three sticks and four jackdaws
Baranovsky Sergey, Polotsk
25515

Where is it found that a horse jumps over a horse?
Answer: Chess
)))))))) Renesmee, L.A
35698

Which table has no legs?
Answer: Diet
Boyko Sasha, Wolf
30155

Do not write anything or use a calculator. Take 1000. Add 40. Add another thousand. Add 30. Another 1000. Plus 20. Plus 1000. And plus 10. What happened?
Answer: 5000? Wrong. The correct answer is 4100. Try to recalculate on a calculator.
Ivanova Daria, Daria
33398

How can a person not sleep for 8 days?
Answer: sleep at night
Sone4ka0071, Sosnogorsk
33987

What animal do people walk on and cars pass by?
Answer: Zebra
Kostryukova Tanya, Saransk
26484

Which word "no" is used 100 times?
Answer: Groan
Muslimova Sabina, Dagestan (Derbent)
31609

What is an elephant without a nose?
Answer: Chess
Prokopyeva Xenia, Moscow
27415

Mr. Mark was found murdered in his office. The cause was a bullet wound to the head. Detective Robin, inspecting the scene of the murder, found a cassette recorder on the table. And when he turned it on, he heard the voice of Mr. Mark. He said, “This is Mark. Jones just called me and said that in ten minutes he would be here to shoot me. It's useless to run. I know this tape will help the police arrest Jones. I hear his footsteps on the stairs. Here the door opens... The assistant detective offered to arrest Jones on suspicion of murder. But the detective did not follow his assistant's advice. As it turned out, he was right. Jones wasn't the killer, as was said on the tape. Question: why did the detective have suspicions?
Answer: The cassette in the voice recorder was being revised at the start. Moreover, Jones would have taken the cassette.
Katarina, Moscow
10937

Sherlock Holmes was walking down the street. And suddenly he saw a dead woman lying on the ground. He walked over, opened her bag and took out her phone. In tel. book, he found her husband's number. He called. He speaks:
- Urgently come here. Your wife is dead. And after a while the husband arrives. He looks at his wife and says:
- Oh, honey, what happened to you?
And then the police arrive. Sherlock points his finger at the woman's husband and says:
- Arrest this man. It was he who killed her. Q: Why did Sherlock think that?
Answer: Because Sherlock didn't tell her husband the address.
Tusupova Aruzhan
19064

Two fifth-graders Petya and Alyonka are walking from school and talking.
“When the day after tomorrow becomes yesterday,” one of them said, “today will be as far from Sunday as the day that was today when the day before yesterday was tomorrow.” What day of the week did they speak?
Answer: Sunday
Piggy, Ololoshkino
14151

There is a rich house and a poor one. They are on fire. Which house will the police put out?
Answer: Police don't put out fires, firefighters put out fires
79404

On what path has no one ever walked or traveled?
Answer: Milky Way
Tikhonova Inessa, Aktobe
23390

How many years in a year?
Answer: one (summer)
Maxim, Penza
28654

What kind of cork can not plug a single bottle?
Answer: road
Volchenkova Nastya, Moscow
23890

In what word is the drink and the natural phenomenon “hidden”?
Answer: grapes
anufrienko dasha, khabarovsk
23369

What sign must be placed between 6 and 7 so that the result is less than 7 and greater than 6?
Answer: comma
Mironova Violetta, Saratov
20603

Without which nothing ever happens?
Answer: Untitled
Anyutka, Omsk
24143

Union, number then preposition -
That's the whole charade.
And so that you can find the answer,
We need to remember the rivers.
Answer: i-hundred-k
nazgulichka, ufa
16722

What is the strongest muscle in the human body?
Answer: The common opinion is the language. In fact, the calf and chewing muscles.
Anonymous
18371

You can tie, but you can't untie.
Answer: conversation
Dasha, Chelyabinsk
22371

To what mere mortal even the president takes off his hat?
Answer: hairdresser
Nastya Slesarchuk, Moscow
21070

How to put 2 liters of milk in a liter jar?
Answer: Turn it into curd
Anonymous
18391

Once upon a time there was one orphan girl in the thicket, she had only two kittens, two puppies, three parrots, a turtle and a hamster with a hamster that was supposed to give birth to 7 hamsters. The girl went for food. She goes through the forest, field, forest, field, field, forest, forest, field. She came to the store, but there was no food there. Goes on, forest, forest, field, field, forest, field, forest, field, forest, field, field, forest. And the girl fell into the hole. If she gets out, dad will die. If she stays there, her mother will die. The tunnel cannot be dug. What should she do?
Answer: She is an orphan
I'm Yulechka, Omsk
14332

They are metallic and liquid. What are we talking about?
Answer: nails
babicheva alena, moscow
15195

How to write "duck" in 2 cells?
Answer: In the 1st - the letter "y", in the 2nd - a dot.
Sigunova 10 years old Valeria, Zheleznogorsk
20885

Name a word in which one letter is a prefix, the second is a root, the third is a suffix, the fourth is an ending.
Answer: Gone: y (prefix), sh (root), l (suffix), a (ending).
Malec Daniel
14699

Guess the riddle: who has a heel behind his nose?
Answer: Shoes
lina, Donetsk
17793

There were 20 people on the bus. At the first stop, 2 people got off and 3 people got in, at the next one, 1 got off and 4 got in, at the next, 5 got off and 2 got in, at the next, 2 got off and 1 got in, at the next, 9 got off and no one got in, at the next - 2 more came out. Q: How many stops were there?
Answer: The answer to the riddle is not that important. This is a riddle with an unexpected question. While you are telling the riddle, the guesser begins to mentally count the number of people on the bus, and at the end of the riddle, you will confuse him with a question about the number of stops.
40291

Husband and wife lived. The husband had his own room in the house, which he forbade his wife to enter. The key to the room was in the bedroom dresser. So they lived for 10 years. And so the husband went on a business trip, and the wife decided to go into this room. She took the key, opened the room, turned on the light. The wife walked around the room, then saw a book on the table. She opened it and heard someone open the door. She closed the book, turned off the light and closed the room, putting the key in the chest of drawers. This is the husband. He took the key, opened the room, did something in it and asked his wife: “Why did you go there?”
How did the husband guess?
Answer: The husband touched the light bulb, it was hot.
SLEPTSOVA VIKUSIA, OMSK
12145

There were husband and wife, brother and sister, and husband and brother-in-law. How many people?
Answer: 3 people
Arkharov Mikhail, Orekhovo-Zuevo
15068

The full name is Danuta. How does it sound abbreviated?
Answer: Dana
Khanukova Danuta, Bryansk
13116

A river that "fits" in your mouth?
Answer: Gum
Bezusova Anastasia, Overyata village