What does the island of Java look like on the map. The mystery of the island of Java: interesting and useful information for tourists
Every avid traveler dreams. The name of this miracle is the island of Java. You can go here at any time of the year, since a sharp deterioration in the weather, as in most similar countries, does not occur here. So stock up on information about the local lands and hit the road for positive emotions!
Where is the mysterious Java?
Photos of the island of Java, full of volcanoes, are very exotic. This piece of land is the largest in the Indonesian archipelago. Its shores are washed by the waters of the inland Java Sea, which communicates with the Indian Ocean in the south and the Pacific Ocean in the north. The island covers an area of 132 thousand square meters. km, where the population density is 1000 people per 1 sq. km. According to the 2010 census, 140 million people lived in Java. This narrow and long strip of land, more than 1000 km long, concentrated more than 65% of the country's total population.
The rocks that form the island are half continental and half are of volcanic origin. The island is also unusual because it has 120 extinct volcanoes. 30 of them are active, which does not prevent this region from being very popular among tourists. The most high point islands - (3676 m), which is active.
Climatic conditions of the island of Java
The tropical climate in which Java is located is stable heat(+26…+33°C) and the same humidity (75-95%) throughout the year. The situation practically does not change with the onset of the rainy season, which takes place here from November to February. Typhoons that force you to sit indoors for days are rare here - tourists at this time expect only short-term showers, which are quickly replaced by the scorching sun.
What cities are on the island?
The densely populated island of Java, where a huge number of people live, has many settlements. Let's get acquainted with the most famous of them:
In addition to these resorts, there are no less interesting cities on the island of Java:
- Semarang;
- Tangerang;
- Depok;
- Cirebon;
- Serang;
- Magelang;
- Madium.
Attractions and entertainment in Java
Such an amazing country as Indonesia has a lot of tricks up its sleeve, which will take the breath away from tourists. These are natural complexes, and historical museums, and the very colorful population of Java:
Javanese cuisine
- batik fabric;
- paintings on batik;
- national masks;
- wooden carvings;
- souvenir surfboard;
- Javanese sarong;
- erotic souvenirs and accessories popular on the island;
- miniature maracas, drums;
- cosmetic products;
- coffee;
- Indonesian silver jewelry.
Transport network of Java island
In all major cities of the island (and there are many of them) there are those that receive regular domestic and international flights, so getting here is easy. The second path will take a little longer, because it runs through the water. Ferries to Java go from, Sulawesi, Bali.
In terms of road quality, Java is the best area in Indonesia. The most convenient way to get around the cities is by bus or rented car. The train is suitable for those who plan intercity trips. And if you want to save money, then private taxi-rickshaws with neat and polite drivers are at the service of tourists.
The mystery of the island of Java attracts many from childhood. At first, this place on the map appears to us as a kind of mysterious territory that contains the secrets of the past and numerous treasures buried in the ground by bloodthirsty pirates. A little later, we strive to visit there in search of new experiences and unique photographs.
Section 1. General description of the island of Java
Java Island is the most famous and fifth largest island of the Indonesian archipelago, which today is home to 130 million people (more than 65%). On this territory you can see hundreds of volcanoes, the unique landscapes of the Dieng Plateau, a variety of flora and fauna, many ancient palaces, temples , mosques and shrines.
Due to the tropical climate, the island all year round there are practically no temperature fluctuations. The weather here is divided into two seasons: during the first (from March to October) it is constantly dry, and during the second it constantly rains. The humidity of the atmosphere within the island of Java ranges from 75% to 95%, and the air temperature ranges from +26 C to +29 C.
Section 2. Local Attractions
Between the cities of Solo and Yogyakarta there is another masterpiece of architecture - the ancient Hindu temple complex Prambanan.
The city of Surabaya is known for the Meru Metiri, Baluran reserves and the high active Bromo volcano.
Section 3. Useful information for tourists
Java Island on the world map is quite easy to find, and it's very easy to plan your route. Transport system it's superb here. Today, on the island, namely in the cities of Surabaya, Semarang, Jakarda, Yogyakarta, Bandug, Solo, airports receive international charter flights from all over the world.
It is most convenient to get from Russia by regular flight via Dubai. It is also possible to get to the island and by water. For example, you can sail to Jakarta, Surabaya, Banten and East Java by ferry.
Buses are considered the cheapest and most convenient means of transportation here, but a rented car or a trip by rail is perfect for traveling.
The cuisine on the island is adapted to European tastes and consists mainly of beef, chicken, vegetables, rice, legumes and fresh fruits. The most traditional, tasty and cheap food can be found in small cafes. Very popular drinks in Java are ginger tea, palm flower tuak beer juice and arak palm vodka.
Prambanan is a complex of Buddhist and Hindu temples from the early Middle Ages. The complex is located in Indonesia, on the island of Java, on the southern slope famous volcano Mareli.
The complex was erected in 856 in honor of the victory of the Hindu king Rakai Pikatan over the last Buddhist king of the Sailendra dynasty. The whole complex is divided into 3 zones. There are many small temples in the outer and middle zones, and 8 main temples and 8 small ones in the inner zone.
The largest temple of the complex is the Prambanan Temple, dedicated to Shiva. This is a 47-meter building, which houses a 3-meter statue of Shiva.
Also next to the temple you can see statues dedicated to Vishnu and Brahma. The walls of the temples are decorated with bas-reliefs depicting mythical scenes. This complex was recognized by UNESCO in 1991 as a World Heritage Site.
Maritime Museum
One of the popular attractions of Jakarta is the Maritime Museum, or Bahri, located in the quiet harbor of the northern part of the city. It was opened in 1977 on the site of an old Dutch East India Company warehouse used to store spices.
The museum contains collections that tell about maritime history, the traditions of navigation and the importance of the sea in the economy of modern Indonesia. The maritime history room features models of ships and cannons, as well as a model of Onrust Island, where the former ship repair yard of the Dutch East India Company was located. The exposition dedicated to sailing ships contains models of the Indonesian archipelago. Here is a rare collection of schooners of the Pinisi model, which is still very popular in the world.
In the field of modern navigation, Bahri presents various navigation aids, Indonesian naval charts, lighthouse information, valuable photographs and maritime folklore. A separate room is occupied by a collection dedicated to biological oceanography, which presents the entire diversity of flora and fauna of the coastal region of Indonesia.
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Volcano Merapi
A formidable and dangerous volcano on the most densely populated island of the planet is located not far from the economically significant city of Yogyakarta for the island of Java. This one of the numerous active volcanoes of the island, it would seem, does not frighten at all local residents. Twice a year, the volcano arranges small eruptions, it erupts seriously once every 7 years, well, the volcano constantly smokes.
One of the eruptions of Merapi, which took place in 1673, wiped out several cities and villages, completely changed the landscape of a large territory - even the rivers then changed their channels. Even earlier, in 1006, when the volcano awakened, a crack formed in it, and the eruption was so terrible and large-scale that it destroyed the entire kingdom of Mataram. To date, Merapi is considered one of the most dangerous volcanoes on the planet, and any activity is prohibited within a radius of many kilometers from its foot, including tourist passages and ascents.
Bromo Volcano is an active volcano, one of the main tourist attractions of the island of Java, in Indonesia. The volcano is part of the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, its height is 2329 meters.
Bromo Volcano has been surrounded by superstition since ancient times and is the central place for performing numerous rituals of local residents. In particular, there is Yadnya Kasada - the festival of calming the volcano. This action lasts about a month, and on the fourteenth day it is customary to make a procession to the volcano in order to bring its gifts to it. Indonesians symbolically donate food, fruits or animals to the volcano, and after the sacrifice they pray in the hope of appeasing the gods.
The ritual of Yadnya Kasada is very ancient, it originated in the east of Java in the fifteenth century, drawing mythology from local legends, which the inhabitants of the island willingly serve to all tourists who want to join the ceremony of coaxing the volcano.
The ceremony itself is extremely bright and colorful, but you can’t call it safe - climbing Bromo is associated with a whole series of dangers, and only the most desperate daredevils dare to go down to the crater. Nevertheless, the ritual of climbing the volcano regularly attracts many lovers of exotic and extreme entertainment.
Merapi
Merapi is the largest active volcano in Indonesia, located in the center of the island. Java, a few kilometers from the city of Yogyakarta. The height of the volcano is 2914 meters.
Almost every day you can see how the volcano smokes, and eruptions occur about once every 7 years, smaller explosions occur twice a year. At this time, a plume of gas and ash rises above the summit to a height of 10 km. Throughout the history of the island, many settlements at the foot of the volcano, located tens of kilometers from the peak, were destroyed, more than one thousand people died.
From April to November, this is the time of the "dry" season, the volcano is visible at a distance of fifty kilometers.
For 17 centuries, this volcano has been considered the most dangerous on the planet.
Palace of Independence
The Independence Palace in downtown Jakarta is the official residence of the President of the Republic of Indonesia. It is located opposite Merdeka Square and is a National Historic Landmark. This building was built in 1873 in neoclassical style. Here was the residence of the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies. In 1949, the palace received its current name "Merdeka", which means "independence" in Indonesian.
Together with neighboring government buildings, it forms the presidential complex, the center of the Indonesian executive power. The Palace of Independence is the official venue for state events such as Independence Day ceremonies, meetings of honored guests, reception of credentials from foreign ambassadors, grand opening of national and international congresses and official state banquets.
On the lawn in front of the palace there is a luxurious fountain and a flagpole 17 meters high. The annual flag-raising ceremony takes place during the celebration of Indonesian independence on 17 August.
Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary
Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary - a Catholic temple in the north of the island of Java, as well as the cathedral church of the archdiocese of the city of Semarang. It is located next to Tugu Muda Square, which has been included in the list of cultural treasures of Indonesia.
The Catholic community purchased the land on which today's church is located back in 1926. Until 1930, it was just a small parish church, which was demolished 5 years later and a modern church was built.
On June 25, 1940, the Apostolic Vicariate of Semarang was established and the church became cathedral this newly minted Catholic structure. Due to the Indonesian War of Independence, the department was moved to the city of Bintaran. However, in 1949 she was returned to Semarang again.
Currently, the complex of the Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary also houses a conference room and a school. In 2012, the official residence of the bishop was organized here, which consists of a chapel, an archive, a secretariat, a garden, as well as six living rooms.
The cathedral itself was built on a stone foundation, the roofs and arches are decorated with parapets, and the doors face three cardinal directions at once: north, west and south.
Are you curious to know how well you know the sights of Java? .
Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary
The plot of land on which the temple is located was acquired at the end of the 19th century by the Dutch bishop Adam Claessens. Within a few years, an inn for pilgrims visiting Bogor and a house for the abbot were built on it. His nephew became the first local priest whose home chapel also became the first place in the history of Bogor for Catholic worship.
In 1896, the construction of the temple began in a typical Catholic churches neo-gothic style, completed in 1905. In 1961 it became the cathedral church of the diocese of Bogor.
Its facade is decorated with the image of the Madonna and Child, installed in a niche above the main entrance. The tower part is located on the right side of the building. The entire building, except for the azure niche for the statue of the Madonna, is painted white, and the roof is covered with brown tiles.
On the territory of this temple complex, one of the largest in the city, there is a Catholic seminary, secondary school and several offices of various public Catholic organizations.
The most popular attractions in Java with descriptions and photos for every taste. Choose the best places to visit the famous places of Java on our website.
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The most unesco
Prambanan
Yogyakarta, Prambanan, Sleman Regency
A monument of medieval art, a temple complex of amazing beauty and elegance on the exotic island of Java, in Indonesia, Prambanan is not accidentally considered the best attraction in the country. It dates back to the 10th century, although the exact date of construction cannot be determined for many years.
UNESCO
Ujung-Kulon
Java, Ujung Kulon National Park
Ujung Kulon National Park is located on the southwestern tip of Java, on the Sunda shelf. Its territory includes the peninsula of the same name and several coastal islands - including the Krakatoa nature reserve. Ujung Kulon was the country's first national park.
Even the name of the island of Java sounds somehow magical, only three letters, and how much lies behind them. Just try to quietly, in a chant, savoring the name of this main Indonesian piece of sushi - Ya-a-a-wa-a-a. Can you feel it? That's it, if one exciting hissing stirs the blood, then at the sight of smoking volcanoes, gurgling lakes, endless beaches and mysterious temple complexes, Stockholm syndrome is guaranteed to you. Java will capture, swirl, make you fall in love, rape your will and mind, and you will only ruthlessly cry out “more, more”! But these are just words, but the undisguised facts.
Java is the main Indonesian island, where all the conceivable and unimaginable capitals of Indonesia (past, present, surfing and religious capitals) are located, as well as 120 volcanoes, a lot of cults and religions, a flock of colorful ethnic groups and the devil knows what else. Of course, a tourist from the capital, Jakarta, begins his exciting "trip" through the country of a thousand islands. Quite modern city which will be of interest to both adults and children. For the first - first-class shopping, worthy museum collections, antiques at every turn. The little ones will be delighted with amusement parks, water parks and similar entertainment places. Indonesians know how to relax.
After paying tribute to the capital of the country, a mandatory program for all travelers to Java without exception will include the grandiose ruins of the Prambanan temple, the majestic Borobudur stupa, the amazingly beautiful royal palace in Yogyakarta and two or three national parks with volcanoes for a snack. All these names need no introduction - UNESCO and the word of mouth have made sure that these Javanese sights do not go unnoticed.
The Indonesian archipelago includes an island with a record number of people. Here, among the volcanoes and landscapes, you can see the most interesting sights of the island of Java, including the unique flora and fauna. The incredible history of the island awaits tourists with its mosques, palaces, temples and shrines. The most important sights of Java include local crafts (weaponry).
Local cuisine is equated to typical European and without exotic. Rice, vegetables, meat (rarely pork) are used mainly in dishes. Fresh fruits are always held in high esteem, and pies with earth can be distinguished from non-standard ones (they are prepared in only one village).
The main attractions of the island of Java
The attractions of the island of Java include numerous buildings of the Middle Ages, national quarters, striking in their unusual appearance. It will be interesting to visit the zoo, the water palace and the largest recreation park. The beauties of nature also make up the main attractions of Java, these are: hot volcanic springs, tea plantations, beautiful beaches and national parks.
After reviewing the description and names of the sights of Java, we offer you to see a photo of the Temple of a Thousand Buddhas. This building of the Middle Ages and a real work of art.
Borobudur - the oldest Buddhist temple in the world
The majestic Borobudur, which has become the hallmark of the island, has been given the title of "the oldest Buddhist temple in the world." Scientists claim that the shrine was erected by the descendants of the ancient Sailendra dynasty, which ruled the state of Mataram. For more than 100 years, the "divine stupa" has been built, which has become a material reflection of the Buddhist mandala, uniting Heaven and Earth, people and gods. The Temple of a Thousand Buddhas fully justified its name: 504 Buddha statues sit in the bell-stupas, and 1460 more bas-reliefs can be found throughout the complex, which have become a reflection of it. life path. By the way, the entire Borobudur complex also resembles a Buddha on a lotus flower floating on the lakes. Scientists even discovered the remains of a lake around the temple, which disappeared from the face of the Earth as a result of a natural disaster. In 1006, the awakened Merapi volcano caused the destruction of a significant part of Borobudur. The path to the shrine was overgrown with impenetrable jungle, which today covers a third of the territory of Java, despite the fact that the island is considered the most densely populated in the world. It was not until 1814 that the governor of the island revealed the majestic complex to the world, thereby reviving the Javanese legends of the dead stone temple city. Borobudur was fully restored only by 1983 with the assistance of UNESCO. There is a belief on the island: if you go around the upper tiers of the temple clockwise seven times, each time touching the Buddha, then your most cherished wish will come true.
For the Javanese, the phrase “to live like on a volcano” has not been abstract for a long time: there are 120 volcanoes on the island, 30 of which periodically remind of themselves with “fiery” lavas. The most popular in the "volcanic" heritage of Java was the Bromo volcano, which is part of national park. Its crater periodically emits vapors of white sulfuric smoke, which is why all the approaches to the mountain are covered with balls of ash. Real dunes of volcanic dust formed around the caldera.
Hindu temple complex Prambanan
Prambanan is a Hindu temple complex consisting of 224 temples and shrines. The main shrine of the complex is known as Lara Jonggrang or "Slender Maiden". And although the temple is dedicated to Shiva, it got its name thanks to the statue of the graceful goddess Durga. Prambanan consists of four tiers, according to the number of castes. The upper temples are dedicated to the Trimurti: Shiva, Brahma and Vishnu. They are surrounded by modest temples dedicated to vakhans - animal companions of the gods. In the Vishnu temple you can read the stone version of the Kreshnayana, and in the Brahma temple - the Ramayana.
Volcano Tangkuban, which frightened residents and guests of Java with a powerful eruption in 1983, is today one of the most popular tourist routes. Travelers rush to the mouth of the "overturned boat" to boil a few eggs for breakfast in its gurgling hot springs. And around the Queen's crater, rows of souvenir shops lined up, where they sell not only various trinkets and volcanic sulfur, but also miraculous infusions from the “dragon tree”, which grows only on Tangkuban.
Taman Mini Indonesia Indah is an open-air miniature park where you can get acquainted with the architecture and traditions of all 27 provinces of Indonesia (although today the state already includes 32 provinces). The brainchild of Madame Sukarno, the Indonesian first lady, is the whole "country in one place." In the center of the complex is a huge lake, on which artificial islands are scattered - a miniature version of the Indonesian archipelago.
But the very first president of Indonesia, Sukarno, left a National Monument as a reminder to his descendants, symbolizing the struggle for the independence of his homeland. The majestic 132-meter tower is crowned with a bronze "Flame of Independence", covered with gold leaf. Under him - viewpoint, which offers a view of the whole of Jakarta. The base of the monument is reserved for the National Museum, which houses 48 dioramas illustrating the long journey of Indonesia to its independence.
The whole history of the country can also be learned at the National Museum of Indonesia, which among the Javanese is known as the "Building of the Elephant". The huge bronze elephant donated to Indonesia by the king of Thailand, which is located in front of the entrance, is “fault” for everything. The exhibition halls of the museum contain more than 140 thousand exhibits, united in 7 collections: prehistoric exposition, archeology, ceramics, numismatics, history, geography, ethnography and heraldry. The largest exhibit of the National Museum is a 4-meter Buddha statue.
Duniya Fantasy is the epicenter of children's fun in the center of Jakarta, which is part of the huge coastal recreation park Taman Impian Jaya Ancol. The theme park, also known as "Fantasy World", is divided into 8 areas Jakarta, Indonesia, Asia, Africa, America and Europe. Of its three dozen rides, the most popular are the Halilintar roller coaster, the Star Wars interactive dark ride, the Niagara flume ride, the Balada Kera animation show and the Bianglala Ferris wheel.
Atlantis Water Adventure
In addition to Dunia Fantasy, Ancol Dreamland's arsenal also includes the modern Atlantis Water Adventure water park, the huge Ocean Dream Samudra aquarium, the SeaWorld aquarium, two beaches with a full service set Carnival beach and Festival beach, the Indonesian art bazaar Pasar Seni, the Executive Golf Fun golf course, bowling center Jaya Bowling and eco-park Ocean Eco Park, consisting of 4 zones Eco Energy, Eco Care, Eco Nature and Eco Art.
Baluran National Park
Everyone who wants to relax not in the stone jungle, but in the real one, is waiting for national park Baluran, spread around the extinct volcano of the same name. The landscape of this park in some places resembles a savannah, they even arrange a safari here, during which you can see the inhabitants of Baluran - panthers, monkeys, muntjac deer, peacocks, wild cats. But in order to take a picture of the park's mascot - the banteng goby - you have to approach its water borders. Climbing to the top of the Baluran volcano, you can see the outlines of the island of Bali - the main tourist competitor of Java.
