70th anniversary of victory. A great victory

The holiday of May 9 is the holiday of the Great Victory, which will remain forever in the memory of any Russian person! The Great Patriotic War was the most difficult test for the people of our country. She left an indelible imprint on the memory of those who experienced her. Not a single family in our country was spared by the terrible war, in every family they honor the memory of those who did not spare their lives for the sake of peace, who bravely fought at the front, who supported life in the rear.

It is in our power to make sure that the exploits of our great-grandfathers are remembered and honored by future generations.

Relevance .

The Great Patriotic War is a serious test for our country, an important major event of the 20th century. Our country lost about 27 million soldiers and civilians in this bloody battle. The Nazis completely destroyed hundreds of Soviet cities, villages, towns, villages, industrial enterprises, railways, plundered and ruined Agriculture. Despite this, many feats were accomplished by ordinary Russian soldiers, who, despite difficult trials, were able to resist the enemy and win.

The project is based on a system of work to acquire knowledge and familiarize schoolchildren with the history of Russia.

Patriotic educationis one of the most important areas of work with schoolchildren today. At all times, love for the Motherland, patriotism in our country have been a feature of the national character. Unfortunately, in recent times the traditions of patriotic consciousness have been lost in society, so the relevance of the problem today is obvious. The patriotic orientation of the Project ensures the education in children of patriotic feelings, love for the Motherland, pride in its achievements, confidence that Russia is a great multinational country with a heroic past and a happy future.

Moral OrientationThe project ensures the upbringing of respect for traditional values: love and respect for elders, caring attitude towards kids, the elderly; instilling in children the desire to follow a positive example in their actions.

This year Russia is celebrating the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War. This is a good opportunity to tell children, to make up for their lack of information about the events of bygone days, to instill love for the Motherland. Pride for their compatriots who gave their lives on the battlefield for the sake of peace on Earth.

Problem

Younger students have very poor knowledge about the heroes of the Great Patriotic War. We teachers should not miss, but should help preschoolers to instill in them a sense of duty, a sense of respect for the heroic defenders of our Motherland, a sense of pride in their great people, who gave us happy life. Therefore, we decided to develop and implement the project “Our Victory is 70 years old!”. The implementation of this project will enable different kinds children's activities.

Hypothesis:

During the implementation of the project, children will form initial ideas about the anniversary holiday "Our Victory is 70 years old!" about literary works

Objective of the project:

Raising patriotism, a sense of pride in the heroic deed of our people in the Great Patriotic War.

Project objectives:

1. Give an idea of ​​the significance of the Victory of our people in the Great Patriotic War; to acquaint with the historical facts of the war years; enrich the ideas of preschoolers about the courage, courage, heroism of the people.

2. Enrich and develop children's vocabulary through songs, poems, monologues, dialogues about the war.

3. Introduce the works fiction military years; create conditions for independent cognitive activity.

4. Facilitate the expression of acquired knowledge through productive activities.

5. To teach to observe rituals at monuments and obelisks, to cultivate respect for memorable places.

6. To instill a sense of pride and respect for relatives and friends who took part in the battles for the Motherland.

7. Involve parents in joint activities

Project participants:teachers of GBOU school No. 465, students of grades 1-4 and their parents.

Expected Result:

1. Children's understanding of the exploits of our people, the military events of the Second World War, awards, the life of the people in wartime, the work of the rear will expand;

2. The dictionary will be replenished, children will learn works of fiction on military topics and songs of the war years.

3. A respectful attitude will be formed among junior schoolchildren towards WWII veterans, a desire to take care of them.

4. There will be a sense of pride for the steadfastness and selflessness of our people during the Great Patriotic War.

The project is aimed at creative, moral and patriotic education of children of primary school age.

The project was basedfollowing principles:

1. The principle of historicism: the preservation of the chronological order, the described phenomena and information.

2. The principle of humanism: focus on the highest universal concepts - love for loved ones, for the native city, for the Fatherland.

3. The principle of differentiation: creation optimal conditions for the self-realization of each student in the process of mastering knowledge about the Great Patriotic War, taking into account the age, gender of the child, his experience, characteristics, emotional and cognitive sphere.

4. The principle of integration: cooperation with the family, with the library, a combination of different activities.

5. The principle of visibility: the production of a number of manuals, multimedia presentations based on historical material. Compliance with the requirements for the culture of showing presentations.

Techniques and methods

1. Create conditions for the emergence of motivation: to interest children in new information about the Great Patriotic War, about the exploits of the defenders of the Motherland.

2. Encourage the desire of children to use various sources of knowledge.

3. Use a partnership position in joint activities with children: actively and emotionally participate in the discussion of conversations, in creating problem-game situations.

Location of the project - GBOU school number 465.

The project provides for activitiesin three directions:

Joint activities with children;

Joint activities with teachers;

Interaction with parents, with society.

Stage 1 - organizational and preparatory- collecting information, working with methodological literature, creating a developing subject-spatial environment, drawing up a plan for working on a project

Events:

Presentation of the project for teachers. Discussion of the organization of the event of the 1st stage;

A selection of visual and didactic material on the topic of the Second World War and soldier's everyday life.

Selection of works of art to familiarize schoolchildren with the Second World War;

Development of presentations on the topic;

Survey of parents "Heroes in our family".

A selection of various materials for productive activity children

Stage 2 - main- direct implementation of the project in educational areas

Events:

Conversations with children, viewing presentations, reading works of art about the Second World War;

- "Chronicle of the war years" (using ICT);

- "Children and Animals of War" (using ICT);

- "Rear area during the war" (using ICT);

- "Heroes and deeds";

Decoration of the "Wall of Glory" on the third floor;

Decoration on the first floor of the "Walk of Glory";

Making gifts for veterans;

Meeting with WWII veterans;

Review of a military song;

Joint work of parents and children "A hero is next to us" (selection of material and compilation of stories by parents together with children about relatives, neighbors, acquaintances who fought during the Second World War);

Reading fiction dedicated to the Second World War

Stage 3 - final- Summing up the results, presentation of work on the project.

Events:

Participation in the rally dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the Victory;

Participation in the Immortal Regiment procession through the village;

Exhibition of works on the 3rd floor

Supposed project result:

1. Awakening in children interest and respect for the history of Russia.

2. Involvement of parents in joint work.

3. Expanded and systematized knowledge about the Great Patriotic War.

4. The algorithm for creating a project has been mastered: goal setting, search for various means of achieving the goal, analysis of the results obtained.

5. Formed a respectful attitude towards the participants in the war, home front workers; respect for family photographs and relics (medals, certificates, etc.).

6. Understanding the importance of the holiday - Victory Day in the life of a Russian person.

7. Exhibition design children's creativity to Victory Day.

Qualitative results:

Solving the tasks of the project program will contribute to the formation of the following personal qualities of pupils (according to the targets of the Federal State Educational Standard for Education):

• the ability to master the main cultural methods of activity, to show initiative and independence in different types activities - play, communication, cognitive research activities, design, etc.; able to choose their occupation, participants in joint activities;

• the ability to have a positive attitude towards the world, to different types of work, to other people and to oneself, having a sense of one's own dignity;

• actively interact with peers and adults;

• the ability to negotiate, take into account the interests and feelings of others, empathize with the failures and rejoice in the successes of others, adequately show their feelings, including a sense of faith in oneself;

• good enough to master oral speech who is able to express his thoughts and desires, who can use speech to express his thoughts, feelings and desires, build a speech statement in a communication situation, can distinguish sounds in words, the child develops the prerequisites for literacy;

• the ability to volitional efforts, can follow social norms of behavior and rules in various activities, in relationships with adults and peers;

• show curiosity, asks questions to adults and peers, is interested in causal relationships, tries to independently come up with explanations for people's actions; inclined to observe, experiment;

• possesses basic knowledge about himself, about the social world in which he lives; possesses elementary ideas from the field of history.

Methods for evaluating effectiveness

1. Conversations, surveys

2. Looking at family photos, documents

3. Search activity

4. Analysis

5. Reading books

Expected results at the end of the project implementation:

Children:

The level of awareness of younger schoolchildren and their parents about the history of Russia during the Great Patriotic War will increase.

The patriotic corner will be replenished with material about the Second World War.

Children will have an idea about military professions, about the types of troops of the Russian army, about the history of memorable places, about military equipment.

They will get acquainted with the works of poets, writers and artists on military topics.

The vocabulary will expand.

In the process of implementing the project, younger students will develop feelings of affection, loyalty, self-esteem, and pride in their homeland.

Parents:

Active and interested project participants are focused on developing the child's need for knowledge, communication with adults and peers, through joint research project activities.

Teacher:

Carries out innovative activities.

Raises the professional level.

The methodical piggy bank is replenished (Photos, video materials, developments and other material will be offered for the exchange of experience to other groups).

Methodological support.

1. Demonstration and didactic material.

2. Methodical literature

3. Synopsis of holidays, entertainment, activities.

4. Logistics: multimedia projector, presentations, art kits, creative kits.

Prospects for further development

Implementation of the materials of this project within the framework of other topics (Independence Day of Russia, Day of Accord and Reconciliation, Defender of the Fatherland Day) in order to form a sense of citizenship and patriotism in children through acquaintance with the history of Russia. Continue collecting materials to enable more families to participate.

Estimated end results.

During the implementation of the project, it is planned to achieve the following results:

1. Achievement of the goal - awaken the interest of the younger generation in the heroes and events of the Great Patriotic War;

2. The development and formation of the patriotic consciousness of students will become the main goal of the patriotic education of modern children;

3. Fixing information about the heroes in the memory of students, with the help of essays-letters that students address to their heroes;

4. Increasing the level of literacy among students;

5. The acquisition by students of the skills of independent collection of information from various sources;

6. Developing the personality of students by instilling feelings of gratitude and empathy for their heroic peers

Thus, the main result of the project will be the achievement of the goal set in advance, which was to help the new generation receive and preserve the priceless heritage of their heroic people. Every person living in this great country should remember those who gave them this beautiful, sunny and peaceful day. Those who gave their lives that have not yet begun for a great cause - the fight against world evil in the face of fascism. The exploits of the heroes are rightfully close and not indifferent to the younger generation, they will serve as an example for us of perseverance, courage, a sense of great duty to their people, an example of a real Man.

At the end of the project, an exhibition of military equipment was organized (Grade 1 and Grade 3), a panorama of the Hero Cities (Grade 2), an “old” plane model was restored (Grade 3), a festive fireworks was drawn (Grade 4).

Zhanna Sukhonosenko
Report "70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War as a powerful factor in the development of patriotism of preschoolers"

70th anniversary Victories in the Great Patriotic War.

It's true great day when we are experiencing "joy with tears in the eyes"! Let's think about these words of a famous song "Day victories» (music by D. Tukhmanov, lyrics by V. Kharitonov). How deeply and accurately they convey the full depth and contradictory nature of this days: sincere joy of the holiday and a feeling of happiness. And the bitterness of tears that tear the soul, rise to the throat and well up in the eyes in addition to our desire .... Why is this happening?

The feeling of joy and happiness gives us the WORLD that brought a great victory.

WORLD is happiness, fun, peace, joy, creation in all spheres of a person’s life and his soul.

WORLD is great value that needs to be protected and preserved.

The bitterness of tears causes WAR which fell upon the people and swept millions of people into its deadly maelstrom.

WAR is anxiety, fear, tears, grief, despair, hunger, constant emotional anguish and death.

WAR is a terrible disaster which is incompatible with life!

In our memory there should always be a place for those terrible, bitter and proud events.

70 years of peaceful skies overhead! More than one happy peaceful generation has already grown up. But next to us there are those for whom war became a part of their lives, who know about war firsthand. Veterans are our living memory of war and victory! We must appreciate every moment of their lives! As long as they are around... And learn to pass on to subsequent generations the whole gamut of emotions, feelings, knowledge associated with such complex concepts as "world" and « war» .

Intensive processes of the formation of the child's psyche, their worldview show that in preschool age, it is important not to overload the child with complex, emotionally difficult information related to the concept « war» . It is necessary to form these concepts correctly and humanely.

From year to year, every kindergarten holds a solemn holiday dedicated to the Day victories, the general festive atmosphere of these days, decorated streets, parades, concerts and fireworks fill children with a sense of universal joy.

Of course, our kids do not fully understand why these people - veterans - we congratulate these days. I remember the moment when a child presented a flower to a veteran, and he cried and became thank: "Thanks! Thank you! Thanks.". The kid was confused, and a little later he asked mom: - Why should I "Thanks"? “Attention, son! And for the memory!- answered the mother. How right she is! Such moments remain in the memory, and their awareness and understanding will definitely come.

So, we manage to convey to the children that the Day victories has a special meaning in the life of our people. But why are we so happy about this date? We, adults, understand that terrible days preceded this event. wars. And the more we feel the bitterness of those war years, the stronger our joy and pride that our grandfathers and great-grandfathers managed to defend peace for us.

Teachers working in preschool, fortunately, do not know what war. But this does not mean that we cannot feel the bitterness and pain of this concept. We must feel it! Wars are not started by children, but by adults. Therefore, the formation of complex concepts in young children "world" and « war» goes indirect through: through the soul of an adult into the soul of a child.

Topic Great Patriotic War a powerful factor in the patriotic education of children. It is important that the child is already preschool age felt personal responsibility for his native land and its future, it is at this age that the foundations of the moral qualities of the child, the value attitude to the world around are laid.

In preparation for the celebration great date - the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War education of patriotism in children is of particular importance. After all, this war is the most striking example of the manifestation of the heroism of the Russian people.

In the exemplary general education program preschool education"Birth to School" under the editorship of N. E. Veraksa, T. S. Komarova, M. A. Vasilyeva development the personality of the child and the education of such a quality as patriotism. These goals are realized in the process of various types of children's activities: game, communicative, labor, cognitive - research, reading,

productive, musical and artistic.

The main tasks of work on patriotic event based parenting Great Patriotic War are:

- the formation in children of initial ideas about the heroic past of our Motherland, acquaintance with the main events and anniversaries in the history of the country during Great Patriotic War;

-development of patriotic feelings in children, the desire to defend their homeland, be proud of its achievements;

Education of conscious respect for the memory of fallen heroes, for veterans, for the holiday victories as a result of the heroic deed of the Russian people in Great Patriotic War.

Of course, patriotic feelings cannot arise after several sessions, even very successful ones. This is the result of a long, systematic and purposeful impact on the child. Carrying out work on patriotic education, the educator should be guided by the following principles:

-"positive centrism"- selection of relevant knowledge for a child of this age;

Continuity and continuity of the pedagogical process;

A differentiated approach to each child, taking into account his psychological characteristics, opportunities and interests;

Rational combination of different types

activities, age-appropriate balance

intellectual, emotional stress;

Activity approach;

-developmental nature of education based on children's activity.

Developments Great Patriotic War are of great importance for the formation patriotic feelings in children preschool age . How to tell a child about war:

Organized educational activity:

"Cities are heroes"

Target: To acquaint children with the geographical location of hero cities on the map of Russia, to acquaint children with the heroic deeds of the inhabitants and defenders of these cities, to form an understanding of the significance patriotic feat of all citizens of the country.

"Children are heroes wars»

Target: Introduce children to heroes wars who have accomplished feats for the sake of the lives of other people, to cultivate a respectful and grateful attitude towards hero warriors.

"Compatriots - front-line soldiers".

Target: To introduce children to WWII veterans who lived and live in our city, to cultivate a sense of compassion and respect for the elderly.

"Symbols Victories - orders, medals and banners"

Target: To introduce children to the military awards that were awarded to soldiers during Great Patriotic War, with banner victories, which was hoisted over the Reichstag; to cultivate respect for the feats of arms of fighters and commanders, pride in their people, love for the Motherland.

productive activity

Drawing:

"Monuments of military glory of our city"

"Festive fireworks"

"Portrait of a Hero"

« War we will say: "Not!"".

Application:

"Spring Bouquet for Veterans"

"George Ribbon"

"Moscow Kremlin"

modeling:

"Star"

"Airplane"

"Tank"

Construction:

"Fortress"

"Warship";

Thematic exhibition: « 70th anniversary of the Victory» ;

Contest of children's drawings on asphalt;

Physical development

Military - sports the game: "Zarnichka

Organization of a children's run on the territory of the preschool educational institution "We remember - we are proud!"

Physical culture leisure and holidays;

Organizing a musical celebration "Be worthy of the memory of the fallen", concerts.

Conversations about Great Patriotic War:

"History of the St. George Ribbon"

Target: Introduce the children to the new symbol of the Day victories, to tell about the history of the emergence of the St. George ribbon, to cultivate interest and respect for the historical past of their homeland.

"Veterans Great Patriotic»

Target: reveal the meaning of the word "veteran" to cultivate respect for veterans war and labor.

« Great battles»

"Music wars» , "Songs with which we won»

V. Agapkin "Farewell Slav",

A. Arensky "Day victories» ,

A. Filippenko "Eternal flame",

A. Alexandrov "Holy war and others.

Reading works about Great Patriotic War:

A. Mityaev "Stories about Great Patriotic War» , "In the dugout", "Why is the Army native"

V. Davydov "Watch",

T. A. Shorygina "Conversations about child heroes Great Patriotic War» ,

O. Vysotskaya "My brother went to the border",

S. P. Alekseev "Brest Fortress",

E. Blaginina "Peace to the world", "Overcoat

A. G. Tvardovsky "Tankman's Tale",

V. P. Kataev "AT intelligence» and etc.

Examination of paintings, illustrations, orders and medals

I. M. Toidze "The motherland is calling!"

A. Laktionov “Letter from the front;

Watching TV shows on a military theme;

An evening of reading poems dedicated to the Day victories

Target: Prepare children for the holiday "Day victories» , to cultivate respect for the heroes of the Second World War, a sense of pride in the people, defeated the enemy

Game activity

Role-playing games:

"Border guards", "Sailors of the Navy",

Didactic games:

"Orders wars» , "Type of troops and military equipment",Memorable places of our city”, informative the game: "Before and now," Movable games:

"Crossing the Bridge", « Scouts» .

Excursion to the local history museum, mini-museums in the preschool educational institution, patriotic corner in the group

Target: reinforce children's ideas about Great Patriotic War; to continue acquaintance with warrior-heroes, a story about the exploits of our fellow countrymen in the Dobrinsky district, among them Ivan Mikhailovich Makarenkov.

Excursion to the library - exhibition of books "Children about war» ;

Meeting with veterans and children wars;

Excursion to the monuments, laying flowers to the heroes wars who died in Great Patriotic War

Monument in the village of Plavitsa,

monument in the regional center of Dobrinka,

monuments of the regional city of Lipetsk, Russia.

Observation of changes in the appearance of the village, street, kindergarten on the eve of the holiday;

Planting trees and shrubs

"Walk of Fame", "Lilac victories» ;

Search work in the family circle - making a photo album using photos of the war and post-war years from family archives;

photo albums: "Hero Cities",

"Military equipment and weapons";

A tradition in families to buy flowers and congratulate veterans right on the streets of a city or town;

Consultation: "How to talk about Great Patriotic War»

Project activity:

"Songs with which we won» ;

"Children are heroes wars» ;

"Parade victories» ;

We remember and are proud! and etc.

Video presentations

Day Victory was, is and should remain the most holy holiday.

After all, those who paid for it with their lives gave us the opportunity to live now.

We must always remember this. We will be worthy of our grandfathers and great-grandfathers!

Talking about parenting patriotism, first of all, we make sure that a small person becomes a Man with a capital letter, so that he can distinguish the bad from the good, so that his aspirations and desires are aimed at creation, self-determination and development in himself those qualities and values, thanks to which we will firmly say about him that he patriot and a citizen of his country.

Broadcast

From the beginning From the end

Do not update Update

We are ending the online broadcast of the celebration on May 9th. Read our material about Victory Day in facts and figures.

So, not only historical, but also the latest promising models of military equipment passed through Red Square, including the T-14 Armata tanks, the Kurganets infantry fighting vehicle and the Boomerang armored personnel carrier, the Tigr and Typhoon armored vehicles. The parade traditionally involved operational-tactical, anti-aircraft and strategic missile systems - Iskander, S-400 Triumph, Yars - and self-propelled guns. The audience was shown latest installations"Coalition-SV". Members of the Berkuts aerobatic team, a Tu-95 strategic bomber team, Tu-95 supersonic strategic bombers and a Tu-160 (White Swan) bomber flew over the square. The audience also saw the Su-27, Su-35, Su-30, MiG-31, MiG-29SMT, Su-34, the Swifts and Russian Knights aerobatic teams.

“In general: at such events, the organization of security, reception, assistance is always on highest level, - says the correspondent of Gazeta.Ru Valery Volkov. “The security officers are polite and responsive, the doctors are prompt and kind, the police are joking, the military are smiling. If one of the guests needs help, he immediately receives it. Any advice, in which direction it is better to leave the square, an ambulance, if God forbid it became ill, a support hand for young volunteers on duty throughout the event, to lean on going down from the stands. Veterans are given flowers, photographed with them, congratulated and thanked. If only it were like this every day in life, and not just on Red Square on May 9 ... "

For lovers of numbers. 16.5 thousand soldiers passed through Red Square, 194 units of equipment passed and 143 aircraft flew over. The parade was attended by 2.3 thousand veterans of the Great Patriotic War. Ten crews of the armed forces of the countries participating in the CIS and friendly states took part in the parade. Among them are Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, India, Mongolia, Serbia and China. In general, almost 85,000 Russian servicemen are involved in parades in about 30 Russian cities. 68 foreign leaders received invitations for the 70th anniversary of the Victory, but due to the crisis in Ukraine, only about 30 heads of state and government foreign countries and heads of international organizations took part in the celebrations. Mostly Asian, African leaders and allies of Moscow from the CIS.

After the ceremony, the leaders of foreign states stroll through the Alexander Garden. At the head of the procession, Putin, Nazarbayev and Xi Jinping.

The wreath-laying ceremony begins, in which, in addition to Vladimir Putin, leaders of foreign states who have arrived in Moscow take part. The National Anthem of Russia is played again.

Putin and Shoigu, talking animatedly, leave Red Square and head towards the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.

To the question of Shoigu, who crossed himself before the parade. Here is what the future Minister of Defense himself said in an interview with the Vremya Novostei newspaper: “And I was baptized abroad. At the age of five in the city of Stakhanov. Now it is an independent Ukraine.” Interesting coincidences.

“Fantastic coherence,” Gazeta.ru correspondent Valery Volkov sums up the parade. - All participants and those responsible need a medal and an award. Dynamics, speed, precision. Worthy."

To the music of the song "Victory Day", the combined orchestra leaves Red Square - the parade is coming to an end, but we do not say goodbye to you, we continue the broadcast.

The parade ends with the performance of the song "We are the army of the people."

A total of 143 aircraft will fly over Red Square.

The air part of the parade begins. At the helm of the first of the planes is Air Force Commander-in-Chief Viktor Bondarev.

In some Russian cities, the celebration does not come without incident.

In Chita, the Buk air defense system caught fire during the Victory Parade on Lenin Square. After extinguishing the fire, a military truck drove up to the installation and took it away on a trailer. Some frames of the parade in Moscow also show thick smoke from a warehouse on fire in the north-east of the capital at Selskokhozyaystvennaya Street.

In addition, in Moscow, the security forces smashed the alternative exhibition “We won” by the Blue Rider group in the S-Art art gallery in Moscow, its organizers complained. The REN-TV report said that at the "Nazi" exhibition "the holy symbols of the Great Victory were trampled into the mud."

And yesterday, in Rostov-on-Don, a part of the memorial to the fallen soldiers collapsed on Karl Marx Square during the laying of flowers at the Eternal Flame by the Armenian delegation. A piece of the monument miraculously did not touch a 15-year-old student of gymnasium No. 19 of the Pervomaisky district.

“Technology is moving at a wild speed,” the Gazeta.Ru correspondent reports. “The dynamics of this parade are fundamentally different.”

The passage of military equipment began.

"Last parts. Orange berets - Ministry of Emergency Situations. And they also go great - proudly, easily.

“And the airborne paratroopers were amazing. They even get clapped."

“The Chinese have surpassed everyone in, so to speak, “leg synchronization,” writes Gazeta.Ru correspondent Valery Volkov. - Fantastic consistency. But our Marines were definitely not worse. Proudly, clearly and beautifully.

The Ukrainian authorities abandoned the large-scale celebration of May 9 because of the war in the east of the country. Instead, Kyiv is trying to cross historical traditions. In Russia, the activity of the UPA is officially banned.

By the way, the grandfather of another correspondent of Gazeta.Ru, himself a participant in the war, said that the parade is one of the most difficult duties of the military, we see it as a beautiful ceremony, but many could not stand it and fainted at rehearsals or right during the action .

“They definitely all go faster than usual,” Gazeta.ru correspondent Valery Volkov is sure. - Direct march on the limit. Apparently, due to the number of military and new elements of the parade, they all accelerated their pace.

Colorful Indian grenadiers march to the tune of "Katyusha".

Regiments of foreign states are coming. Immediately after the Azerbaijanis, the Armenians, an interesting rapprochement. Behind them are Belarusians - apparently, in alphabetical order.

Despite the fact that Putin could not resist and nevertheless mentioned at the end about attempts to build a unipolar world, on the whole, the speech turned out to be seasoned, correct and worthy. Finished right. About those who are not with us. Everyone got up. A moment of silence, the sound of a metronome.

It is interesting that Putin, it seems, has never mentioned the word "fascism", which has long been entrenched in Russian historiography, only "Nazism".

He lists the president and military personnel of those countries that today, together with the Russian military, will march along Red Square. Among them are soldiers of Belarus, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, Serbia, China, India. He notes the merits of each of these countries, in particular, emphasizes that through China, which, like Russia, lost millions of lives in this war, the main line of the fight against militarism passed. The fact that we will increasingly compare ourselves with China in a military context, on the eve of the Gazeta.Ru columnist Fyodor Lukyanov.

However, Putin also recalls his allies, thanks the peoples of the United States and Great Britain.

Putin starts right off the bat with a mention that “enlightened Europe” did not immediately see the threat in the ideas of fascism and racial superiority. And today the situation, according to Putin, "again calls for our vigilance."

While talking Russian President, it is worth noting that Kyiv is expected to be tough on the parade. “The army of the aggressor will thunder with its deadly might to the whole world. Some of the units were in Donetsk just a few days ago and will appear at the military parade in Moscow,” President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko said during the discussion “Consequences of World War II in 70 years” in Gdansk, Poland, Poland.

The speech of the President of Russia, Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Armed Forces Vladimir Putin begins.

While the head of the military department is touring the parade formations, congratulating them on the 70th anniversary of the Victory, let's say that more than 16 thousand people will take part in the parade on Red Square today, 143 aircraft will fly by, 194 units of military equipment will pass.

“Visually, one gets the impression that there are much fewer veterans than a year ago,” reports Valery Volkov, a correspondent for Gazeta.Ru. - At last year's parade there were still many elderly people, old people in medals and with tears in their eyes. Now - a lot of employees of the presidential administration, members of the government, right before the start, Nikita Mikhalkov marched businesslike. A place was quickly found for him, although there are clearly fewer seats in the stands than guests. By 10 o’clock they were barely seated.”

The parade begins to the music of the song "Holy War": the Banner of Victory and the Russian tricolor are brought to Red Square.

Preparations for the parade began in November 2014. At the end of March, the first rehearsal of the parade took place in Alabino near Moscow. Rehearsals went on until the last days: on May 7, planes flew over the center of Moscow.

The parade is starting!

The Victory Parade was held on June 24, 1945, but the next parade did not take place until 20 years later, in 1965, when the Victory Day holiday and non-working day were returned, and since then, until 1990, was held every five years, with the exception of 1975 of the year. In 1995, on the day of the 50th anniversary of the Victory, the first Russian parade took place, and it took place on Poklonnaya Hill (at that time they were building the Manezhka, they were afraid that the ground would fail under the equipment). Since 1996, parades have resumed on Red Square; in 1996, the Mausoleum was used as a tribune for the last time. Since then, parades have been held every year.

Who to invite from the so-called respected people - cultural figures, athletes - has always been decided in the Kremlin. According to Gazeta.Ru, in addition to the aforementioned Night Wolves, Vladimir Etush, Elina Bystritskaya, Ilya Glazunov, Zurab Tsereteli were invited to the current parade. Also, an invitation was sent to ex-president of the USSR Mikhail Gorbachev.

Presidential spokesman Dmitry Peskov said there would be 2,300 veterans at the parade. However, a source familiar with the invitation distribution system said that there were no tickets for veterans whom Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev wanted to invite to the parade - we are talking about those participants in the Second World War with whom the head of the Cabinet met this year. According to the interlocutor of Gazeta.Ru, the reason for the refusal is the mess that accompanied the distribution of invitations.

According to another informed interlocutor, the government suffered greatly in terms of obtaining tickets: deputy ministers, he says, almost lined up for tickets. Meanwhile, earlier it was not difficult for deputy ministers to receive an invitation. In general, the quotas for the Cabinet, as a rule, are as follows: all ministers, the head of the government apparatus, his deputies and heads of government departments receive tickets. This time the heads of departments were not given invitations. The restrictions also affected the mayor's office: according to a source familiar with the situation, Sergei Sobyanin's protocol does not make it to the parade, although in non-anniversary years everything was exactly the opposite. But they did not cut the parliamentary quota: invitations were issued for all deputies of the State Duma and all members of the Federation Council. True, the Duma apparatus was cheated: instead of the traditional fifty invitation cards, only two were allocated.

By the way, about the guests. According to Gazeta.Ru, this year the distribution of invitations to the parade was completely controlled by the presidential administration. The mayor's office, through which part of the invitations for veterans are usually distributed, was not involved this time. A source familiar with the preparations for the parade claims that there was a limited opportunity to receive an invitation " different kind bureaucratic structures" in favor of veterans and youth. Several officials middle class complained to Gazeta.Ru that they were unable to get invitations to the parade, although in previous years it was easy.

“And here is the Night Wolves,” reports the correspondent of Gazeta.Ru. — Two. The police recognized them immediately. But so that no one else is confused either, “night wolves” is also written on the back of the jackets. But the security frames still had to be passed on a common basis, removing from the belt and taking out everything that rang from the pockets. They have a left stand. The one closer to the Historical Museum.

Today is that rare case when there are no parked cars at the buildings of the presidential administration, neither on Staraya Square, nor on Ilyinka Street, which runs right into Red Square. Some, however, were lucky: a proud white Range Rover, a car of the Investigative Committee and several other cars with flashing lights nestled on Birzhevaya Square and in Vetoshny Lane near GUM.

“For some, St. George's ribbons turned into St. George's flags and fluttered from car windows,” our correspondent says. - The girls combined 12-centimeter high heels on their legs with caps on their heads. Closer to the main place of the event - Red Square - there were more and more business people in suits and elderly people in medals and orders. Basically, these were already guests of the parade with invitations.

“Already at eight o’clock in the morning, the center of Moscow was full of people who had gathered to watch the passage of equipment to the parade,” reports Gazeta.Ru correspondent Valery Volkov, who is heading to Red Square. “Children and adults in caps, sellers of red carnations in the metro, who were not chased by policemen and who formed a line of people who wanted to buy flowers. Crowds of people of different generations and nationalities on Pushkinskaya Square and Tverskaya Street, sellers of flags with the Russian tricolor and young people already with red flags in their hands, on which “Victory Day” is written. This morning for the capital began unusually early.”

Good morning dear readers. We congratulate you on the Victory Day.

The war with the Nazis was terrible. How many lives she has interrupted! How many fates crippled! How many cities and towns destroyed to the ground! Thanks to the valiant and fearless Soviet army managed to expel this evil not only from our lands, but also to help free the occupied countries of Europe from the horrors of fascism. Paying tribute to unparalleled selflessness Soviet people, who fought on all fronts of the Second World War, Russian President Putin issued a Decree "On the jubilee medal" 70 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War ". This Decree has a special provision and instructions for its delivery. 70 years is very long term. Now those who in 1945 were beardless youths are already very old. Every year there are fewer of them, WWII veterans. The medal "70 Years of Victory" is a great opportunity for all of us to express our recognition to these people and say "many thanks" to them.

Anniversary Awards

After the completion of any great and significant event, years inevitably pass. They discolor vivid memories, dull sensations, make a lot of things to reconsider and rethink. In order not to erase the memory of the past, it is customary to issue commemorative signs and awards for each anniversary, which are awarded to people who took part in the event. Such are the commemorative medals dedicated to the victory over the Nazis. The first of them was released in 1965, when the 20th anniversary of the great Victory was celebrated. Further, such medals began to be issued every 10 years. That is, there are awards and distinctions for the 30th anniversary of this great event, for the 40th anniversary, of course, for the 50th anniversary. They prepared especially carefully for this anniversary, since 50 years is a round date. Significant was the award to veterans, presented in 1995. In 2000, which in itself was a jubilee year, a medal was issued for the 55th anniversary of the Victory. We can say that it has become a tradition to hold awards not after 10, but after 5 years. Since in 2005 veterans were awarded medals for the 60th anniversary, and in 2010 - for the 65th anniversary of this glorious event. The turn of 2015 has come. On its eve, a medal was approved and issued to significant date- 70th anniversary of our great Victory. About 3 million war veterans living in Russia, including Crimea, were presented for the award.

Description of the medals awarded to veterans in 1965-1985

Receiving awards is always an honor and a pleasure. They give people who survived the terrible years of the war the confidence that their feat is not forgotten by the modern generation. awarded since 1965, have different designs on both obverse and reverse. The only thing they have in common is that each has an “ear”. It connects to the ring. With its help, the award is attached to the block, on which there is a pin on the reverse side. On the front side of the block covered with moire tape. The reverse of the medals is also almost identical. On each there is an inscription in large raised letters, indicating how many years have passed since the Victory Day, desired by all people. On the reverse side of some anniversary awards there are also additional signs. Let's spend short description what the medals looked like for the anniversary of Victory Day in different years:

1965 (20th anniversary of our Great Victory). The metal from which the award is made is brass. The diameter is 32 mm. Obverse: depicts a monument erected in Treptow Park. It is a sculpture of a Soviet liberator soldier with a rescued girl in his arms. Under the feet of a Soviet soldier there are two branches of laurel. In the center of the medal are the numbers "1945-1965". Reverse: an inscription in large letters around the circle, saying that 20 years have passed since the Great Victory. In the center is a star with diverging rays. Against its background are the Roman numerals "XX". Ribbon: green and black stripes on a red background.

1975 (30th anniversary of our Great Victory). Metal - brass. The diameter is 36 mm. Obverse: against the background of festive fireworks, a convex image of the well-known sculpture by Vuchetich and Nikitin "Motherland". On the left side there is a star, two branches of laurel and the numbers "1954-1975". Reverse: the inscription "TO THE PARTICIPANT OF THE WAR" at the top. Center: "XXX VICTORIES IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945". In the lower part, against the background of the ribbon, there is a sickle and a hammer. Ribbon: orange, black and greenish stripes on a red background.

1985 (40th anniversary of the Victory). Metal - brass. The diameter is 32 mm. Obverse: images of a soldier, a worker and a peasant against the background of a large star without rays, the Kremlin tower, two laurel branches and the inscription "1945-1985". Reverse: the inscription "TO THE PARTICIPANT OF THE WAR" at the top. In the center, in raised letters, there is an inscription that 40 years have passed since the day of our Victory in the Second World War. Below this inscription is an image of a ribbon, and above it is a small sign of a hammer and sickle. Moire ribbon: on a red background, green, orange and black stripes.

Description of the 1995 award

There was a time when we were all citizens of one country, in which there was no division along national lines. Therefore, all veterans of the war, regardless of their place of residence, were awarded uniform awards. Even in 1095, when the country began to be torn apart for the sake of political and personal ambitions, the medal for the 50th anniversary of the glorious Victory over the Nazis was the same for all veterans. She became the last award that all participants in the war received, no matter in which corner Soviet Union they lived.

Description of the medal issued for the 50th anniversary of our great Victory:

Metal - tompak (brass with impurities of copper and zinc). Diameter standard - 32 mm. Obverse: the Spasskaya Tower, the world-famous Cathedral of the Intercession on the Moat, part of the Kremlin wall, fireworks are depicted. Below is a convex image (one-color) of the Order of the Patriotic War, two branches of laurel, the inscription "1945-1995". Reverse: Laurel branches below. Above them is an inscription in large print that 50 years have passed since the long-awaited Victory over the Nazis. Ribbon: red wide stripe, narrow black (3 pcs.) and orange (4 pcs.) stripes.

The Soviet Union collapsed. The Baltic republics left it, becoming independent countries. They began to consider the victory in the Second World War from a different perspective. All awards to its participants were cancelled.

XXI Century

In the new century and millennium, some countries that formed from the republics of the USSR continued glorious tradition to reward their WWII veterans. Commemorative medals dedicated to the 55th, 60th and 65th anniversary of the Greatest Victory were issued and awarded. All of them have the same diameter, equal to 32 mm. They looked like this over the years:

2000 (55th anniversary of the Victory). Metal - tampak. Obverse: image of the climax in the Victory Parade, held on Red Square in 1945, the mausoleum, the Kremlin wall, the famous Spasskaya Tower, the inscription in three-dimensional letters "55 years". Reverse: in the center the inscription "VICTORY OF THE SOVIET PEOPLE IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945". In the lower part there are laurel branches, at the intersection of which there is a sickle and a hammer. Ribbon: Combination of red, white, blue, black and yellow stripes.

2005 (60th anniversary of our Great Victory). Metal - tampak. Obverse: The Order of Victory is depicted in the center. At the bottom are the numbers "1045-2005". Reverse: laurel branches in a circle. In the center there is a convex inscription stating that 60 years have passed since the Victory Day. Ribbon: Red stripe in the center, bordered with orange and black stripes.

2010 (65th anniversary of our Great Victory). Metal - tampak. Obverse: Order of Glory, 1st class, depicted in the center. In the lower part (under the order) are the numbers "1945-2010". Reverse: there is only an inscription that 65 years have passed since the day of our Victory in the war against the Nazis. Ribbon: black and orange stripes in the center, red stripes along the edges.

Analogues of this medal were issued in Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan.

70 years of the significant Victory over the Nazis

In 2015, all civilized people of the world celebrated the 70th anniversary of the greatest and long-awaited Victory over the Nazis. By this date, several commemorative awards were issued at once, including the medal "70 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." A Decree was issued on the establishment of this award, signed by Putin. This document is registered under No. 931. It came into effect on December 23, 2013. The Regulations on this medal were also signed, which indicated the categories of people worthy of the award, determined the manufacturing enterprises and persons responsible for the implementation of the Decree.

In 2014, on June 4, a Presidential Decree was issued, which approved the instructions for presenting the award. The lists of those awarded were to be drawn up by the heads of local municipalities (in settlements where veterans live), and in foreign countries - by the ambassadors of the Russian Federation. They were instructed to send lists to the Russian Foreign Ministry. The award and the certificate attached to it should have been presented only in a solemn atmosphere. Those awarded with the medal "70 Years of Victory" are not provided with any additional benefits.

Reason for the award

The job of making lists is not as easy as it might seem. Responsible persons are required to review a lot of information, check hundreds of documents.

The basis for inclusion in the list of awardees are:

• Military ID.
• WWII Disabled Certificate.
• Employment history.
• Certificate of being in military service or work during the Second World War, issued in a military unit or in the archive.
• Red Army book.
• Certificate of injury or other serious injury during the Second World War or the war with Japan.
• Veteran's or WWII veteran's certificate.
• Certificates of awarding commemorative medals in honor of previous anniversaries of the Victory over the Nazis, and / or Germany.
• Documents evidencing the award and valiant work shown during the years of war hard times, for the defense of Moscow, Leningrad, Sevastopol, Odessa, Stalingrad, the Caucasus, Kyiv, the Soviet Arctic.
• Badge "Inhabitant of besieged Leningrad".
• Documents confirming the stay in concentration camps and ghettos.
• Certificate of rehabilitation confirming that citizens were in exile, in prison, in NKVD colonies for at least six months during the Second World War.

Categories of awardees who took part in the battles

According to the Decree of the President, the award should be presented to:

• Soldiers and civilians who participated in combat operations during the Second World War.
• To the partisans.
• Underground members whose groups operated in the occupied lands.
• Persons who have commemorative awards in honor of the Victory over Germany and / or Japan.

Categories of persons who did not take part in the battles

According to the Decree signed by President Putin, the medal "70 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." Citizens who did not take part in the battles were awarded. Their categories are as follows:

• Prisoners of concentration camps and ghettos.
• People who "forged" the victory in the rear and were awarded medals for their selfless work.
• People who worked during the war and received an award for labor distinction.
• Having an award for labor prowess during the war years.
• Residents of besieged Leningrad.
• Persons who were awarded medals for the defense of certain cities (Moscow, Sevastopol, Kyiv, Leningrad, Stalingrad, Odessa, the Caucasus, the Northern Arctic.
• Foreign citizens who fought in the ranks of the Soviet army, partisan detachments, underground organizations (we are not talking about residents of the CIS).

Description

Circulation of medals "70 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945" amounted to over 3 million, according to the 2015 census.

This award looks like this: it is made of a silver-colored alloy. The diameter is standard for awards of this type and is 32 mm. Obverse: there is an image (multicolor) of the Order of the Patriotic War, I degree. Below (under the order) are the numbers "1945-2015". Reverse: laurel branches around the circumference, entwined with a ribbon. In the center of the circle are the words "70 YEARS OF VICTORY IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945". All images are embossed. There is a border along the edge of the medal. Ribbon: includes a red stripe down the center. It is bordered on both sides by brown stripes and alternating orange and black stripes.

Such appearance not all states accepted the medals. So, in Moldova, there will be no hammer and sickle on the front side of the award. In Ukraine, they approved their medal, adding national attributes to its design.

The award should be worn on the chest on the left side, after the medal awarded on the occasion of the 65th anniversary of the significant Victory.

Medal "70 Years of Victory over Germany"

It was also released for the anniversary. It was approved by the Decision of the Commission on Commemorative Signs and Public Awards. The document was adopted in 2015 on February 4. M. M. Moiseev was the chairman of the commission. In the Regulations on this award and on the medal "70 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" much in common. The list of categories of people to whom it was handed is almost identical. The difference is that this award was additionally presented to:

• Persons who make a great contribution to the activities of the veterans' movement.
• Participants in search activities.
• People who popularize military history.
• Members of military historical societies and clubs who take an active position in their work.

Description:

Metal - light bronze. The diameter is 32 mm. Obverse: in the center is an image of Stalin in profile, his face is turned to the left. Dressed in the uniform of the Marshal of the USSR. At the top, raised letters: "OUR CAUSE IS RIGHT", and at the bottom: "WE WILL WIN". Reverse: inscription "FOR THE VICTORY OVER GERMANY" around the circle, in smaller letters in the center there are distinct letters: "IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945", at the very bottom there is an asterisk. The ribbon is represented by alternating black and orange stripes.

Order badge

Veterans are awarded not only commemorative medals. "70 Years of the Great Victory" is an order badge, also issued for the significant anniversary. It looks almost identical to the Order of the Patriotic War. Its obverse is as follows: a five-pointed red star against the background of diverging golden rays and crossed sabers with a rifle. In the center of the star is the sign of the hammer and sickle, framed in a white circle. On it is the inscription "Patriotic War", at the bottom there is a small yellow star. The difference between the awards is that the order is screwed into clothing, and the commemorative badge has an eyelet, like on medals. With its help, the award is attached to a block covered with tape, on the reverse side of which there is a pin.

Many doubt the authenticity of this sign, because in state registers there is no information about the awards about him.

In conclusion, I would like to say that commemorative medals for the Victory Day over the Nazis are important not only for veterans. We also need these awards as a reminder of the cost of this victory, so that we never allow the revival of fascism again.