Ventilated roof on a flat roof. Soft roof ventilation device

It is not even worth talking about the need for roof ventilation. Everyone knows this. But how to make it efficient, durable, and also mount it yourself, using advanced engineering practices, will be discussed in this article.

Why do you need roof ventilation?

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of the roof. Therefore, when erecting a building, experienced builders equip the roof with special care, providing it with reliable insulation, insulation and a ventilation system.

During the operation of the house, steam is generated inside the premises, which, according to the laws of physics, rises into the under-roof space. And if there is no well-established ventilation of the roof, then the steam settles on roof structures, bringing them into disrepair and destroying the bearing elements of the building.

A roof without ventilation is dangerous. High humidity will lead to the formation of mold and fungus on the walls, wetting of the insulation, which means a deterioration in thermal conductivity and freezing of the house. A well-established roof ventilation system will help to avoid this, which will bring the condensate out and prevent it from ruining the entire structure.

In order to extend the life of the roof, it is equipped with a high-quality ventilation system.

Ventilation of the house can be point and continuous, natural and forced. The most common sources of air circulation include:

• dormers;
• ridges of pitched roofs;
• gaps provided in the roofing cake and cornice strips;
• rooftop exhaust fans and other piece elements ventilation system with holes.

For small or medium-sized roofs, natural ventilation is sufficient. Forced ventilation elements are installed on big roofs where the natural air exchange of the under-roof space is not enough.

Elements of the ventilation roof system

The assembly of ventilation components (including labor) is no more than 2-5% of the cost of the roof itself, which is much less than it will take to repair the roof, individual sections of the house, or even the entire building as a whole, if the ventilation system is not mounted or installed on "Perhaps, I suppose, and somehow."

The main tasks that are assigned to the elements of the ventilation system:

• removal of steam entering the under-roof space from the interior of the house;
• reduction of heat flux penetrating under the roof due to its heating in the sun;
• roof temperature equalization to prevent the formation of icicles on the edges of the cornices and ice on the roof surface.

The ventilation system of the building consists of various elements that perform one common task: to ensure the normal temperature regime of the roof and under-roof space

Ventilation roofing tape

The ventilation tape closes all the cracks of the roof, while providing sufficient air exchange and protecting the under-roof space from debris, invasion of birds and other small living creatures.

The TOP ROLL S 240 mm ventilation tape ensures good air circulation and protection of the roof space

Depending on the purpose, there are:

• ridge ventilation tape;
• perforated cornice tape (overhangs air element).

Benefits of using roofing tape:

• creates good breathability;
• emphasizes decorative trim roofs;
• Provides protection from moisture, debris and insects.

Ridge roofing tape protects the roof ridge from precipitation and snow getting under the roof. Along with this, it removes steam from the roofing cake, preventing wetting and decay of the rafter system and covering material.

Good ventilation tape from well-known manufacturers, as a rule, is treated with special compounds from UV radiation, which ensures additional protection roof joints from destructive solar radiation. The ridge tape is laid along the edge of the roof, and the ridge is already mounted on top of it. Works are carried out at an air temperature of +5 °C.

Ridge ventilation tape is placed under the metal plate of the ridge

Perforated cornice tape is used to cover cornice overhangs. It not only protects the under-roof space from rodents, birds, insects, dirt and creates free air exchange, but also increases the strength of some roofing components.

PVC ventilation tape reinforces the structure of the eaves

Ventilation roof mesh

For pitched roofs, in addition to proper air exchange, insect protection is also an important task. Hornets, wasps and small birds inhabit the under-roof space, make nests, thereby creating not only a noise effect and unsanitary conditions, but also interfere with the natural ventilation of the roof. To combat such a disaster, a ventilation anti-mosquito net with cells 2–3 mm in size is designed.

Stainless steel mesh is considered the best, as it is the most durable and strong. It is resistant to corrosion, does not spoil the exterior of the house, has a much longer service life than analogues. Of the minuses, only a high price can be noted relative to other types of grids.

Stainless steel ventilation mesh for roof ventilation is considered the most durable and strong

It is undesirable to use steel meshes, since they corrode due to condensate leaks, rot and rust. It is better to use a paint grid with small cells as a budget option in order to save money. Its advantage is low cost and ease of installation - the mesh is overlapped and fastened with a stapler to the wooden parts of the roof. However, the paint mesh is not very strong, and therefore short-lived.

Fiberglass paint mesh does not have sufficient strength, it is easily torn and pecked by birds, so it is better to use it as a temporary option

Roof ventilation passages

Passing elements (driving) - component ventilation pipes. They are designed to seal roof openings. As a rule, they are not included in the delivery set, but are selected separately for each type of roof.

Penetrations are diverse in shape, size, color, which is primarily due to the manufacturer, and secondly - roofing (soft roofing, corrugated board, metal tiles). But they are all easy to install. They are mounted both at the stages of construction and on the finished roof.

Penetrations are used to seal the junction of ventilation pipes with roofing

Only with precisely selected passage parts corresponding to the covering material, we can talk about the durability of the ventilation system, the absence of leaks in the tie-in zones and the ability to withstand all climatic loads with roofing components.

Aerator for roof ventilation

Roofing accessories such as aerators are designed to improve the ventilation of soft roofs. These are forced ventilation elements that reduce pressure under the roof and increase draft, which provides the necessary air flow.

Roof ventilation aerator soft tiles reduces pressure in the under-roof space, which ensures good ventilation of attic spaces

Aerators are selected depending on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe roof, observing the following rules:

• aerators are installed in the highest places of the slopes along the entire length of the roof for uniform ventilation of the entire under-roof space;
• the distance between adjacent devices is maintained at least 12 m;
• attach aerators to dowels or anchor bolts and equip them with filters that prevent dirt, moisture and insects from entering;
• to adjust the system during the construction of the roof, sections are selected at the joints of the sealant;
• to prevent leakage, use a sealant or a special tape.

Ventilation accessories also include an overhang comb, which has a frequent row of teeth that protect the eaves gap and the adjacent under-roof space, as well as roof fans. They are indispensable on flat roofs with insufficient natural convection and on pitched roofs when there is no possibility to arrange natural ventilation.

The overhang comb is mounted directly under the end row of slotted tiles using self-tapping screws.

Video: Installing a Systemair DVS Roof Fan

Ventilation passage through the roof

Any ventilation duct is brought to the roof of the house and forms the so-called passage unit (AP) in the exit points in the form of a pipe inserted either into the roof itself through the outlet or into reinforced concrete cups.

Each element of the ventilation system requires a sealed assembly to pass through the roof

Industrial ventilation passage assemblies are manufactured in accordance with GOST 15150 and are:

Depending on the type of roofing and design features roofs and air vents, they differ in shape:

Along with typical elements, non-standard assemblies are often made, designed for original construction and assembly of ventilation systems. However, all of them must comply with the requirements specified by GOST:

• metal thickness for manufacturing at least 11.9 mm;
• the size of the support ring is larger than the diameter of the branch pipe by 30–40 cm;
• mandatory treatment with anti-corrosion compounds;
• the length of the UE structure without a valve is not more than 1 m.

Passage nodes for chimney channels are equipped with strict observance of fire regulations.

Ventilation on the roof

Many people wonder if a ventilation gap is needed and if so, why. Is it possible not to do it, because there is already a gap between the coating and the crate.

But really - do you really need a ventilation gap on the roof? Let's try to figure it out. The ventilation of the under-roof space consists of three gaps: the eaves, through which air flows, the gap between the roof and the insulation (the membrane does not count) and the gap in the high point roofs (ridge or junction).

Their goal is to ensure good air circulation under the roof and prevent the insulation from getting wet. And if you neglect the gap on the roof, then the consequences will be very deplorable - you will have to disassemble the roofing pie and change the insulation. And this is the least of all troubles.

In order for the house to be warm in winter and cool in summer, it is necessary to equip the roof with ventilation according to all the rules

In addition, hard coatings typically require repainting every 10–20 years. But in the absence of a gap, the resulting condensate will spoil the flooring sheets from the inside. And if it is quite simple to paint them from above, then from the inside it is impossible to do this without disassembling the entire roofing pie and replacing the sheets completely.

So the answer to all questions is obvious - to make gaps. Let the roof breathe to avoid at first subtle but snowballing problems. In addition, the gap on the roof must be sufficient to ensure the operation of the entire chain.

If you clog the ridge of the roof, that is, do not make a gap, there will be no sense from the gap between the insulation and the roof, as well as the cornice gap.

Metal roof ventilation

The metal roof is beautiful, modern, durable and reliable, but it has one big drawback - limited air exchange, that is, it does not pass air well. To ensure normal circulation, ventilation is established according to the following algorithm:

Video: ventilation of the under-roof space in roofs made of metal tiles

Ventilation of a roof from a soft tile

Before ventilation soft roof tasks are:

• removal of condensate;
• prevention of overheating of the lower layers of the roofing;
• ensuring temperature balance on the roof surface.

With properly organized ventilation, cold air flows enter the under-roof space in places of overhangs, and exit through the ridge or aerators.

The arrows indicate the direction of air flow in the under-roof space with the correct ventilation device.

Soft roof ventilation can be single- or double-circuit. But for it to be sufficient, a number of conditions are met:

• the thickness of the air gap between the crate and the insulation is calculated in advance by the angle of inclination and the length of the slopes (but less than 4 cm);
• make additional holes along the bottom of the slope, tightening them with perforated tape, mesh, comb, lining the roof overhangs with breathable spotlights;
• arrange gaps on the roof in the form of ventilated skates or aerators for forced ventilation.

If the roof is not new, and a soft roof is being repaired, then look for places with the greatest swelling, and install aerators there.

Video: ventilation of the under-roof space in roofs made of shingles

hip roof ventilation

ventilation hip roofs conditionally, it can be divided into two groups - airing a cold attic and an insulated attic.

Arrangement of ventilation of a cold attic space will not present difficulties. Due to the large volume of the attic, there are practically no barriers to the normal circulation of air flows. Air exchange occurs through the cornice overhang, ridge and ridge. Dormer windows, barred and located on opposite sides of the roof, provide a draft.

Natural air circulation occurs through the ventilation gap in the roof and dormer windows

When it is necessary to increase ventilation, aerators are installed along the passage of the valleys. But they make sense if the slope angle is more than 45 °. Otherwise, in difficult areas in winter time due to the accumulation of snow, the work of the aerators will be inefficient.

With small slopes, it is better to make forced ventilation using roof fans, inertial turbines or nozzles of sufficient height so that they are not covered with snow.

Video: how to eliminate condensation in the attic

Ventilation of insulated under-roof space (attic)

It is advisable to plan attic ventilation during construction, since its arrangement is more laborious than ventilation equipment for a cold attic. There is no free air circulation here, therefore the space for air exchange is created due to the crate mounted between the insulation and the flooring.

Air circulation in the insulated room occurs due to the ventilation gap in the roofing pie

In addition, a gap of at least 2–3 cm is required between hydro and thermal insulation. If the depth of the rafters does not allow you to make the desired gap, then they are built up with the help of boards.

But such a method of air exchange is quite difficult to do on roofs of complex shapes with many kinks and junctions. Therefore, roofers are advised to mount diffusion membranes (vapor-permeable) directly on the insulation, which allow moisture to pass in only one direction.

Video: ventilated ridge on a mansard roof

Seam roof ventilation

A seam roof, like all other types of roofs, needs normal air circulation in the under-roof space. And this is ensured with the help of a gap between the coating and the heat-insulating layer of at least 50 mm, for which the crate is assembled from a beam of 50x40 or 50x50 mm. In addition, the insulation is protected with a vapor barrier film for greater reliability.

To remove moisture from the ventilation gap on the roof, a ventilation outlet for the seam roof is mounted at a distance of no more than 0.6 m from the ridge.

The ventilation outlet for seam and soft roofs is used to remove moisture from the ventilation gap

A properly laid and well-ventilated seam roof will last about 25 years without a major overhaul.

Pitched roof ventilation

To equip the ventilation of pitched roofs, you need:

• supply gaps in the lower zone of the roof;
• channels for air circulation above the insulation (due to the crate);
• the hoods at the top of the roof are 15% larger than the area of ​​the air inlets, since a lower pressure in the attic is necessary for good ventilation.

It is not difficult to arrange ventilation with your own hands. General scheme one is to provide gaps under the cornice overhangs, protect them with tape or mesh, make a gap between the crate and the insulation.

Further work depends on the slope of the roof. With a slope of 10-45°, the exhaust gap is located in the ridge and is covered with a ridge aerator with a protective filter made of polyurethane foam. One such aerator, about 60 cm long, ventilates 25 m² of attic space.

Video: installing a ridge aerator

If the roof structure does not provide for a ridge or the slope of the slopes is from 5 to 12 °, then it is necessary to increase the number of air inlets at the bottom of the roof, and install aerators in the upper zone at a distance of 0.5–0.8 m from the highest point of the roof.

With this arrangement, the aerator ventilates 5 m² of the attic, but if the building is located on a well-ventilated area, then its throughput increases to 25 m².

Video: installation of a point aerator

The size of the ventilated gap on the ridge

The size of the ventilated gap depends on the slope of the slopes - the smaller the slope of the roof, the greater the height of the gap. The type of heat-insulating material does not affect the size of the gap, but the type of roofing is very important. Under a hard coating (metal tile, corrugated board), you can use a counter for lathing with a small section of 25x50 mm, since this is not a continuous coating, but has its own gaps and joints through which air also circulates. Although experts do not recommend experimenting, and for greater reliability and strength, they recommend using 50x50 mm bars for all coatings, that is, making the optimal gap height 50 mm.

How to bring a pipe through a roof from corrugated board

Any home heating system, with the exception of electric, involves the output of chimneys to the roof to release combustion products into the atmosphere. Consider how to bring the chimney through the corrugated board.

1. First you need to make sure that the chimney is located correctly - the exit point should be in the darkened north side, where the sun does not get much.
2. The shape of the pipe and the size of its section are chosen, taking into account the climatic conditions of the area, the relief and the temperature of the outlet gases.
3. Then they are determined with the height of the pipe according to SNiP.
4. They make the pipe themselves, or buy it ready-made and carry out the installation.

Video: pipe passage through a corrugated roof

Height of ventilation shafts according to SNiP

When calculating the height of ventilation shafts, take into account:

• elevation of the pipe relative to the highest point of the roof and adjacent buildings;
• the total length of the smoke channel;
• head size;
• design height.

Requirements and norms for SNiP:

If there are outlets of other ventilation ducts nearby, the height should exceed the rest by 20 cm.

Video: how to calculate the height of the chimney

Ventilation aerators are special devices for ventilating the under-roof space and removing moisture and water vapor to the outside. They are used on flat roofs, preventing swelling of the covering roll material due to temperature changes, and on pitched roofs for effective ventilation and condensate removal.

Vanes (aerators) are produced in different sizes and designs. They are considered the most effective elements of ventilation systems. On a flat roof, they are installed evenly over the entire surface at the joints of the plates. On the pitched structures located closer to the ridge (0.6 m from it) or in places where valleys pass (on complex roofs).

On pitched roofs, aerators are installed closer to the ridge or in places where the roof is broken.

The material for the manufacture is stainless steel AISI 316 or durable polypropylene, so they can withstand a wide temperature range from -40 to + 90 ° C.

Installation of aerators on a flat roof

With a two-layer coating with rolled materials, aerators are installed in the lower layer:

1. A hole is cut through the screed and layers of insulation along the diameter of the aerator tube.
2. They fall asleep with gravel and attach the aerator to the hot mastic.
3. After cooling, fix with screws.
4. The top layer of the roofing is melted in such a way that the aerator is in the place of overlap (15 cm) of the sheets, the junctions are sealed.

Video: do-it-yourself installation of an aerator on a two-layer soft roof, part 1

In a single-layer flooring, aerators are installed on the screed, making a hole to the vapor barrier. The coating is laid on the skirt of the aerator, hot mastic and a patch are applied on top, overlapping the skirt and going onto the coating by about 15 cm. Then, the aerator is fixed with self-tapping screws, the joint is treated with sealant.

Video: installation of an aerator on a two-layer soft roof, part 2

Installation of aerators on metal tiles and corrugated board

The installation of ventilation outlets on roofs made of metal tiles and profiled sheets is the same and is associated with a violation of the roofing, so it must be carried out very carefully so that damaged sheets of covering material do not have to be changed.

1. Apply a template (included in the kit) to the installation site, outline and carefully cut a hole along the intended line.
2. Strengthen the seal with screws, and apply sealant.
3. Install the aerator, fix it with hinges and additional screws.
4. From inside the attic, the places where the ventilation pipes pass are puttied with sealant.

When installing ventilation elements, you must use branded fasteners that are included in the kit.

Video: installation of ventilation on a metal tile

The main mistakes in the installation of the ventilation system: how to avoid them

Considering that today many people equip the roof of the house on their own, we will consider the most common mistakes when installing ventilation systems.

1. SNiP standards are not taken into account.
2. Unsuitable ventilation elements selected.
3. The ventilation ducts are not symmetrical.
4. The capacity of the system was calculated incorrectly and the heat balance was not taken into account.
5. Conducted incorrectly installation work.

The basic rule in the design of ventilation systems is that the more proportionate and shorter the ventilation is, the more efficient and with less noise it will work.

Overview of ventilation systems

When adjusting ventilation, sometimes there is a difficulty with the choice of components. Consider the most popular manufacturers whose products deserve attention.

Roof ventilation Virplast

WirPlast equipment is used for various purposes - installation of room ventilation or fan outlets ( sewer system), as a cooker hood, for mounting antennas or solar panels.

Advantages:

• easy installation due to the built-in spirit level, which eliminates any errors;
• complete tightness on the roof;
• stylish design;
• a variety of models for all types of coverage;
• 10 year guarantee.

WirPlast ventilation equipment is different high quality backed by a 10 year warranty on all products

Roof ventilation "TechnoNIKOL"

TechnoNIKOL ventilation systems are available in two variations:

• for ventilation of the under-roof space;
• for forced air circulation in attic spaces and attics.

Advantages:

• aesthetic design and affordable price;
• increased reliability and impact resistance of all elements. It is achieved thanks to the additives introduced into the composition of the main HDPE material;
• easy installation with detailed instructions.

Roof ventilation Vilpe

Vilpe products are a development of the Finnish company SK Tuote Oy. Excellent as forced ventilation systems installed both during the construction phase and during renovation.

Advantages:

• Made from impact-resistant polypropylene, therefore not subject to corrosion;
• resistant to ultraviolet and climatic extremes;
• environmentally friendly material, withstands constant temperature fluctuations from -40 to + 80 ° C and episodic jumps from -55 to +120 ° C;
• great variety of colors and modern design.

Vilpe roof ventilation is made from impact-resistant polypropylene and can withstand large temperature fluctuations.

Roof ventilation Kronoplast

The success and demand for Kronoplast products is due to the fact that the company produces almost all parts for the ventilation of a private house - under-roof ventilation, kitchen outlets, vacuum cleaner outlets, sewer risers, etc.

The main feature of this product is one hundred percent impermeability on the roof of all exits, without which full ventilation is unrealistic. Roofing elements are available for any coating in six basic colors.

Video: installation of ventilation on the roof of ondulin

Installation of roof ventilation is an important and necessary process that requires attention and responsibility. It is easy to do it yourself, observing the mandatory rules and regulations. Only in this case the roof of the house will never "cry". Good luck to you.

Roofing materials reliably protect the building from snow and rain, providing dryness and comfort in the interior. But the trick is that moisture attacks not only from the outside, but also from the inside. In the second case, it is possible to neutralize its negative impact only with the help of roof ventilation.

Why do you need roof ventilation?

There are two reasons to take care of the roof ventilation device:

1. Residential premises always contain a significant amount of water vapor, which is formed as a result of breathing and sweating of residents and pets, cooking, hygiene procedures and other processes associated with the use of water (laundry, cleaning, washing dishes, etc.).
2. Roofing, by definition, is vapor-tight, so it is not capable of escaping steam.

Without taking special measures, water vapor rising with warm air would condense on the inner surface of the cold roofing, followed by the occurrence of many negative processes:

To prevent all of the above phenomena, roof ventilation is arranged, which implies the presence of a blown gap and ventilation of the attic space.

The blown gap is called the ventilation gap. The movement of outside air in this gap will carry all the vapor penetrating the coating to the outside. Along the way, it performs two more functions:

The ventilation gap is arranged as follows:

• a waterproofing film is spread over the rafters;
• from above, along each rafter leg, a board with a thickness of about 30 mm is stuffed - a counter-lattice (it will fix the waterproofing film);
• a crate is stuffed on the counter-lattice across the rafters, and the roofing is laid on it.

Thus, the required gap is obtained between the waterproofing film and the roofing. Its height will be equal to the sum of the heights of the counter-lattice and the batten, which is approximately 50 mm.

To ensure the movement of outside air in the ventilation gap, as well as to remove moist air from the attic, various devices are used.

Roof ventilation elements

The main elements of the ventilation roofing system include:

1. Openings under the roof overhang, which are usually covered with so-called soffit gratings (protection from birds, insects and rodents), as well as along the ridge. These structural elements provide blowing through the roof gap due to wind and convection (having heated up under the roof, the air rushes up).

   Holes under the roof overhang are protected from rodents and birds with soffit gratings: they can be replaced with a filing with small gaps between the boards

2. Dormer windows. They are arranged in gables and serve to ventilate the attic space.

   The dormer window is one of the important elements of roof ventilation.

3. ventilation outlets. As well as aerators, they are pipe sections, but not intended for ventilation of the under-roof gap, but for connecting exhaust ducts of general house ventilation to them or for ventilating the attic.

   An exhaust system can be connected to the ventilation outlet or used to ventilate the under-roof space

4. Aerators, also referred to as deflectors and weathervanes. They cut into the roofing at the ridge itself and serve to remove air from the under-roof space, that is, they perform the same function as the hole under the ridge. They are used in conditions where the thickness of the snow cover on the roof can exceed 2–3 cm (with small slopes), as a result of which the ventilation gap under the ridge would be muffled.

   The roof aerator is used to remove air from the under-roof space in cases where there is snow on the roof

Design features of aerators

There are two types of aerators available:

• point;
• linear or continuous (installed over the entire length of the slope or ridge).

In addition, they also differ in the place of installation - they are ridge and pitched.

The design of the aerator can be made in the form:

• fungus;
• tiles.

The aerator can be made of stainless steel, but today in most cases the material for such products is polypropylene. It is cheaper, and besides, plastic can be given any color. At the same time, it has sufficient strength to withstand the weight of a person, so that mounting or repair work on the roof can be carried out without difficulty.

The aerator has a replaceable element - a penetration, the design of which is selected taking into account the type of roofing.

Aerators can be equipped with a roof passage device adapted to a specific type of coating

The product can be equipped with a fan - it is necessary to create forced draft in roofs with a small slope (convection is weak in them due to the small height difference) or with complex shapes, where natural draft is not enough to overcome the aerodynamic resistance of fractures.

To prevent the ingress of precipitation and insects, the aerator opening is protected by a filter. The diameter of the aerators varies from 63 to 110 mm.

Calculation of roof ventilation

The task of calculating ventilation is to determine the necessary parameters under which the volume of incoming air will be sufficient to effectively remove steam.

The height of the ventilation ducts above the roof is determined taking into account their proximity to the ridge or parapet:

Roof ventilation device

The ventilation system of the roof is arranged in accordance with the type of roof.

Mansard roof ventilation

The attic roof is insulated. The layout of the ventilation gap in such a roof depends on what material is used as waterproofing.

Roof with waterproofing from a polymeric vapor-proof film

If the insulation is covered with a conventional film that does not allow water or steam to pass through, ventilation gaps are arranged on both sides of it: from above - to the roofing and from below - between the film and the insulation. Due to the presence of a gap between the waterproofing and the insulation, the latter is prevented from getting wet if moisture condenses on the film.

The lower and upper ventilation gaps must communicate in the region of the ridge, so the waterproofing film is not brought to it by 5 cm.

In order not to accidentally lay the heat insulator plates close to the waterproofing barrier, it is recommended to drive limiting carnations into the rafters.

When using a simple waterproofing film, it is necessary to arrange ventilation gaps on both sides

Roofing with superdiffusion membrane as waterproofing

A superdiffusion membrane is a polymer film in which microscopic conical holes are made. The membrane passes steam only in one direction, so it is important to lay it on the right side. There is no need to make a gap under it - the insulation is laid close to the membrane.

The height of the ventilation gap in the attic roof depends on the angle of inclination of the slope and its length.

Table: ventilation gap height for different roof slopes (in cm)

Video: ventilated ridge device in a mansard roof

hip roof ventilation

The hip roof differs from the usual gable roof in the absence of gables, instead of which there are two triangular end slopes. The line of intersection of the end and longitudinal slopes is called the ridge. Roof ventilation is carried out according to the same principles as for gable roof, taking into account the following:

Installation of an aerator on different roof coverings

Requirements for the installation of ventilation elements depend on the type of roofing material.

Installation of an aerator on a metal tile

Installation of an aerator or ventilation outlet on a roof with a metal tile coating is carried out as follows:

1. On the roof, mark the installation sites of aerators. They should be no more than 60 cm from the ridge. The frequency of installation depends on the brand of the aerator and is indicated in its passport.
2. In the marked place, a template is applied to the coating (it is included in the kit), which must be circled with chalk or a marker.

   In order to outline the contours of the hole to be cut out, use the template that is included in the aerator kit.

3. The outlined section of the roofing is cut out. Alternatively, you can first drill a series of small diameter holes along the contour, and then cut the gaps between them. You can do this with scissors for metal or a jigsaw.

   A passage hole is cut along the drawn contour

4. The area adjacent to the resulting hole is cleaned of dirt and dust, and then treated with a degreasing compound.
5. A hole is cut in the casing (part of the aerator kit) with a diameter 20% smaller than the diameter of the element pipe. Thus, the casing will be put on the pipe with an interference fit, so the connection will be tight.
6. The pipe is inserted into the casing, after which the complete assembly of the aerator is carried out.
7. The edges of the hole in the cover, on which the skirt of the casing will be installed, are lubricated with a sealant for outdoor use.
8. The fungus is installed in place, while the casing is screwed to the roof with self-tapping screws.

   The aerator casing is fixed to the crate from the outside and from the inside

9. The pipe is brought to a vertical position according to the level and fixed. As a result, the deflector fixed on it should be at a height of at least 50 cm relative to the roof.

   The head of the aerator should rise above the ridge by 50 cm

10. It remains to check the correct fastening of all elements from the inside, that is, from the side of the attic. Found defects or distortions must be corrected.

Installation of an aerator on a roof made of soft tiles

Basically, the process of installing a fungus aerator on a soft tile roof looks the same as on a metal tile one. The differences are in some details. Here's what to do:

Features of mounting the aerator on corrugated board

To install an aerator on a corrugated roof, a wooden box is usually used. The installation process looks like this:

1. After marking at the place of installation of the aerator, a cross-section is made in the corrugated board.
2. The resulting triangular petals are bent down and nailed to the rafters and other wooden elements.
3. According to the size of the opening, a box is knocked together from the boards. Then it is inserted into the opening and screwed with self-tapping screws to the elements of the truss system.
4. A fungus aerator pipe is installed and fixed in the box, after which all the cracks are filled with sealant.

Ondulin roof aerators

Ondulin manufacturers produce all the elements necessary both for ventilation of the under-roof space and for organizing access to the roof of various ventilation ducts. Here is their list:

1. Aerators.
2. Ventilation outlets of the hood with insulation. Exhaust ventilation ducts from the kitchen are connected to such outlets (the hood above the stove can also be connected here) and the bathroom. The pipe has a diameter of 125 mm and is equipped inside with a special coating that counteracts the formation of grease and dirt deposits. From above, the outlet is equipped with a deflector that protects the internal cavity from precipitation and improves traction.

   Pipes for the ventilation outlet of bathrooms and kitchen hoods are painted in the main colors of ondulin

3. Sewer ventilation outlets without insulation. These outputs are connected fan pipes sewer lines. Without communication with the atmosphere in the sewer, during a salvo descent of water, a decrease in pressure will be observed, which can lead to a breakdown of the siphons with subsequent penetration into the room unpleasant odors. The diameter of the sewer outlet is 110 mm.
4. Ventilation sewer outlets with insulation. Such outlets differ from the previous version by the presence of a sheath made of polyurethane or other polymer (thickness is 25 mm), which helps to reduce heat loss and thereby minimizes the amount of condensation on the inner surface.

   The ventilation outlet for the sewer can have a protective sheath made of polymer material to reduce the amount of condensate that forms.

Corrugated pipes are usually used to connect ventilation outlets to the corresponding channels. The length of the outlet is 86 cm, and after installation, the length of the outer part, that is, the height of the outlet above the roof, is 48 cm.

Installation of ventilation outlets and aerators is carried out as follows:

There are situations when it is not possible to use a base sheet with a ready-made opening and a sealing element. Then the opening in the coating is cut out independently, and the gap between its edges and the removed pipe is sealed using the Enkryl waterproofing system, which is just designed to seal problematic joints. It is applied like this:

1. The area around the opening is treated with a degreasing compound.
2. Next, the first layer of Enkryl sealant is applied to it and to the pipe brought out into the opening with a brush.
3. The pipe or aerator is wrapped with a reinforcing fabric, such as viscose Polyflexvlies Roll. Here it is necessary to pause - the sealant must soak the fabric well.
4. The fabric wrap is covered with a second layer of Enkryl, which is also applied with a brush.

This method of sealing the passage through the roof is designed for 10 years. After this period, the waterproofing will need to be renewed.

To seal joints and crevices, instead of fabric and paste-like sealant, you can use Onduflash-Super adhesive tape.

Video: installation of ventilation on ondulin

Installation of ventilation elements on a seam roof

For installation of roof ventilation elements on a folded roof (covering is made of metal sheets) it is best to use a universal sealant for roof passages. It consists of a square aluminum flange on a silicone lining and a stepped pyramid attached to it made of the same silicone or a special rubber that is resistant to ultraviolet radiation and other atmospheric influences. The size of the seal must be selected so that the inner diameter of the pyramid is approximately 20% smaller than the outer diameter of the aerator or ventilation outlet.

Installation is carried out as follows:

The aluminum flange of the universal seal is flexible and can be molded into any shape. Due to this, the element can be installed not only on flat roofs like seam, but also on wavy ones, such as ondulin, slate, corrugated board and metal tiles.

Roof vent installation

In the place where there is a ventilation outlet to the roof, a so-called passage unit is installed, the main task of which is to seal the gap between the pipe and the roofing. Nodes can be very different both constructively and appearance. Basically, the following varieties are distinguished:

1. Equipped with a valve and not having one: the presence of a valve allows you to control the movement of air in the ventilation system. The passage nodes equipped with this element are installed mainly on the roofs of administrative and industrial buildings. Units without an adjustment valve do not provide for, but they are cheaper.
2. With and without insulation: the first in their design have a layer of mineral wool (this insulation is non-combustible) and are used in regions with a cold climate. The presence of thermal insulation prevents moisture condensation on the internal surfaces of the unit.
3. With manual (mechanical) and automatic control: in the first case, the damper is moved to one position or another by the user, pulling the cable attached to it. In the second, the damper is driven by a servomotor, which is controlled by an electronic controller. Such a system, with the help of appropriate sensors, can analyze the temperature and humidity in the room and, taking into account these indicators, regulate the throughput of the ventilation ducts.

The cross section of the node can be rectangular, round and oval. When choosing this element, the following microclimate parameters are taken into account:

• relative humidity;
• the content of dust and chemical contaminants in the air (gas content);
• temperature fluctuations in the room.

The ventilation outlet is installed in the same way as the aerator, with the only difference that it must be carried out not only through the roofing, but also through the waterproofing and vapor barrier films. To do this, proceed as follows:

Video: installation of a ventilation outlet to the roof

Installation of a ridge aerator

Ridge aerators may have different design, but in most cases the installation is done like this:

1. The old coating is dismantled from the ridge zone (if the roof is new, this paragraph of the instruction should be skipped).
2. If laid under the cover continuous crate, on it a line parallel to the ridge is drawn, spaced from it by 13 mm (on both slopes).
3. Along the drawn lines circular saw a cut is made with an indent of 300 mm from the outer walls.

   A ventilation cut is made on both sides along the entire length of the roof, not reaching 30 cm to the gables

4. Two ridge shingles are attached to the edges of the roof.
5. Roof aerators are bent to the desired angle, depending on the angle of the roof.
6. Aerators are installed with an overlap in place. During installation, it must be taken into account that the covering and covered ends are structurally different. It is not necessary to seal the overlap points. The partitions available for the aerators must lie on the floor. If this rule is not observed, water may flow under the roof.
7. Aerators are fastened with nails, which must be driven into specially made holes. The sides in the process of driving nails must be alternated.

   The ridge aerator is fastened with nails through special holes

8. The last aerator is cut to length with a margin of 13 mm. Its edges are superimposed on the previous part.
9. The roofing is laid, which must be fixed with nails or self-tapping screws. It is necessary to drive or screw fasteners into a specially marked area on the ridge aerator. It is marked as such: “roofing fixation zone”.

   The ridge aerator is covered with roofing material, which is fastened through specially marked holes

10. The places where the ends of the chain of aerators adjoin the roof are sealed with a special mastic, which is usually supplied with the aerator. To do this, you need to prepare a mounting gun.

Video: installation of a ridge aerator

Under no circumstances should roof ventilation be neglected. There are no elements in the roof structure, except perhaps for films that would be immune to the negative effects of moisture, and in the absence of high-quality ventilation, it will certainly appear. Following the recommendations outlined in this article, you will ensure a long service life of the roof and a cozy microclimate not only in the attic, but also in other areas of the house.

Constant changes in temperature outside the house, rain and melt water lead to the formation of condensate, which has a devastating effect on the roof truss system. Moisture is absorbed by the insulation and over time it ceases to fulfill its function. The ventilated roof structure is the only effective method prevent the accumulation of moisture in the under-roof space and prevent deformation of the load-bearing elements.

Advantages of a ventilated roof

The source of condensation can be not only external factors, but also internal vapors formed as a result of human activity. Ventilated structures in construction have been used for a long time and the effectiveness of the technology has been proven by many years of practice:

• When constructing a ventilated roof on a building that was in operation, there is no need to dismantle the old roofing, as a result of which the cost of work and the timing of their implementation are significantly reduced.
• The technology allows to work at temperatures down to -20°C. The only contraindication is the presence of precipitation during installation.
• Free air circulation in the under-roof space ensures drying of all floor elements and prevents the formation of fungus and decay of raw wood.
• Properly made ventilated roof is resistant to mechanical stress, frost, temperature fluctuations and ultraviolet radiation.

When a ventilated roof is erected over the old coating, its functionality is restored due to the complete drying of all elements. As a result, the design is double, which increases thermal insulation characteristics the buildings.

Ventilated roof device

A ventilated roof involves the construction of a roofing pie - a multi-layer structure that prevents heat loss at home in the winter, and in the summer it prevents the heating of the room from the red-hot roof. In addition, it protects the insulation from the ingress of water vapor from inside the room and brings them out in case of penetration. The roofing cake also protects the inside surface of the roofing material from the damaging effects of fumes. For this, simple insulation is not enough; the roof must be ventilated. All layers of the pie are interconnected with each other and the absence of any reduces the effectiveness of the entire structure as a whole.

The device of the roofing pie from the bottom up:

• interior decoration;
• vapor barrier;
• insulation layer;
• bottom ventilated gap;
• waterproofing;
• top ventilated gap;
• roofing.

Ventilated gaps between the layers of the roofing cake ensure the removal of moist air outside the structure and maintains the temperature regime at the same level. Ventilation can be natural or forced, in the case of a complex roof construction. On buildings technical purpose or garages make an uninsulated version of a ventilated roof, in which there is no insulation and a layer of vapor barrier.

Construction of a pitched ventilated roof

First of all, you need to decide on the type of roofing. The type of waterproofing film, the number of gaps to be blown, as well as the design of the battens and counter-battens depend on this choice. Depending on the chosen coverage and climatic conditions region, the cross section of the rafter legs and their pitch are calculated. This is a critical step that requires high precision, since if the load is incorrectly calculated, the structure may deform or even collapse after some time.

After the construction of the rafter system, it is necessary to select the type of waterproofing film, which also depends on the roofing material. On sale there are several varieties that differ in the principle of operation and cost:

• Superdiffusion membranes- the most expensive and most practical option. The material is impervious to water, but at the same time passes steam. This unique ability allows you to install superdiffusion membranes close to the thermal insulation without a lower ventilated gap. This type of waterproofing involves restrictions on the use of certain roofing materials. This applies to coatings, the inner surface of which does not tolerate prolonged contact with water vapor, such as metal tiles and corrugated bituminous sheets. Paired with cement-sand, bituminous or ceramic tiles, the material functions normally. The fastening of the superdiffusion membrane is carried out on the rafters with the slats of the counter-lattice. From above, forming a ventilated gap, a crate for roofing is mounted. Water vapor leaving the insulation passes through the membrane into a ventilated gap, from where it is removed outside the structure.
• Diffusion membranes- perform the same function, only for their normal operation, two ventilated gaps are required. The material is a polyethylene film with many microscopic holes. In close contact with the insulation plates, they can overlap, and the membrane simply stops working. Like the previous type of waterproofing, the material is not intended for use with coatings whose reverse surface is not resistant to moisture.
• Anti-condensation films- a vapor-permeable material, the use of which is possible in tandem with coatings that do not get along with previous types of waterproofing. On the reverse side, facing the heat-insulating layer, the material has a fleecy surface, on which the vapors coming out of the insulation are retained. In this case, the arrangement of two ventilated gaps is a prerequisite for the normal functioning of the material. Moisture from the piles is carried away by air along the lower gap, while the inner surface of the roofing is reliably protected from evaporation and is continuously ventilated due to the upper ventilated gap.

The use of anti-condensation films is also beneficial from an economic point of view, since it allows you to extend the life of inexpensive metal tiles, which is usually 10-12 years. A properly executed ventilated design will increase it by 1.5-2 times.

When constructing ventilated systems using anti-condensation and diffusion waterproofing materials, it is necessary to monitor their correct installation. If you accidentally confuse the parties, then the material will turn into an ordinary film with all the ensuing consequences.

At the next stage, a heat-insulating layer is mounted. Experts recommend choosing a material with high vapor permeability, which allows the roof structure to breathe, resulting in its integrity and load bearing capacity lasts longer. This characteristic is fully possessed by mineral wool heaters.

FROM inside attic thermal insulation is closed with a special vapor barrier film that serves as a barrier to vapors from the room. As a budget option for a vapor barrier, glassine or reinforced polyethylene used for the construction of greenhouses can be used. There is also a film with a reflective metal coating. It improves the thermal insulation characteristics of the room, but during its installation it is necessary to leave a gap of 20 mm, which will slightly complicate the design. The vapor barrier layer is sutured finishing material.

Flat ventilated roof

A flat ventilated roof has a simpler device, since its construction does not require a complex truss system. Air circulation, which ensures the removal of water vapor, is achieved due to the gap between the layer of waterproofing and insulation.

Layer arrangement from bottom to top:

• bottom cover;
• vapor barrier;
• heat-insulating layer;
• ventilated gap;
• top cover;
• roofing material.

Flat roofs are more exposed to atmospheric precipitation, so they must be arranged with a slope of at least 5 °, but not more than 20 °. Wood is mainly used as a material, but the use of reinforced concrete slabs is also possible if the design of the house allows it. Roofing materials are often used for coating.

Ventilation of the under-roof space is carried out through the holes located on the outer walls. Them total area must be at least 1/500 of the entire roof surface. It should be noted that a vapor barrier layer is only necessary if the base is used wooden floor. If this reinforced concrete slab, then the insulation is attached immediately to it with the help of glue or special mechanical clamps.

Device for ventilated space flat roof prevents the formation of bubbles and subsequent rupture of the coating as a result of the pressure of accumulated water vapor. The service life of a well-made flat ventilated roof is several decades.

With constant fluctuations in daily temperature, condensation forms on some parts of the roofing. This happens especially often in the winter season, when the interior warms up, and the difference between the temperatures inside and outside the building is large.

The insulation is subjected to the greatest load. Its lower and upper edges experience temperatures that differ by tens of degrees. In addition, the lower the degrees outside, the greater the pressure of water vapor rising from the room up appears in the under-roof space. And cold air does not allow steam to move on.

As a result, the insulation absorbs a lot of moisture and stops "working" for its intended purpose.

It will help you to cope with such phenomena.ventilated roof. In winter, it will help reduce the cost of heating the building and optimize heat loss. In the summer, such a design device will perfectly withstand the heat, since warm air, entering the inside of the roof, tends to rise up and take with it the heat that it received from the roofing and the evaporating moisture that appears in the insulation.

Ventilated roof device

Before starting work on the installation of such a roof, you should be aware of what materials will be used. This will be the defining moment for the choice of other roofing building materials.

For example, what kind of waterproofing film is suitable for a pitched roof, and how, at the same time, the counter rails will be located, how many ventilated gaps will be required, and what step of the crate will be optimal. The height of the ventilated space also directly depends on the chosen material for the roof.

For example, if bituminous shingles are to be used, then the ventilated duct can be made smaller than when using shingles made from natural materials.

And for a metal tile, an average size is designed between the two previous ones. The size of the channel varies between 5 - 10 centimeters. What is a ventilated roof? It consists of three necessary circuits:

• ventilation of the space between the waterproofing and roofing. For any complex design roofs, it should include in this process all surfaces without exception.
• areas under the roof. This is one of the important components of the ventilation system of the entire structure.
• the gap between the waterproofing layer and the insulation. Here, the presence of stagnant zones should be completely excluded.

Ventilation design

Imperfect technologies of many decades in the past and faulty building materials of those years led to the fact that the constructed buildings breathed due to brickwork, wooden window frames.

Thanks to this "breathing", the heat loss of the house was significant. Ruptures of rolled materials on the roof and all of the above factors contributed to the formation of a triple ventilation circuit.

As a result of all this, there was a draft in the premises, dampness often appeared, and as a result, it was necessary to fight the fungus. The cost of heating buildings also increased, and the finishing work inside the houses could not always be done with high quality. In old houses, ventilation ducts were designed only in bathrooms, toilets and kitchens.

In modern construction, there are new technologies for arranging the roof and new materials for its insulation and waterproofing. Even at the design stage, it is necessary to pay the necessary attention to systems.

When installing a ventilated roof, you must remember the roofer's rules: steam invariably rises, and water can only flow down.

It is necessary to pay attention to the following points that must be considered during design and operation.

Experts advise to be attentive to the ventilation of small rooms, to make vapor barrier closer to the interior of the house. If the waterproofing is done incorrectly and moisture penetrates inside, then the situation can be changed only by dismantling the roofing and correcting the mistakes made.

pitched roofs

When installing a ventilated roof, it must be taken into account that air flows must enter through the lower overhang of the roof, and exit through the top, where the ridge is installed. This will remove excess moisture. In order to prevent birds from flying into the roof and leaves from falling, overhang ridges with ventilation grilles are used.

You can make additional forced ventilation using. This will be true if the roof structure is complex, where it is difficult enough to ensure the free passage of air.

If the roof is covered with corrugated slate, then it is very easy to organize an air gap; during installation, it is formed between the ridge and the roofing sheet, due to its configuration. It is only necessary to provide lower gaps for air entry. So, an uninsulated roof consists of:

• rafter construction;
• crate, depending on the roofing material;
• waterproofing film;
• roofing material.

A waterproofing film is attached to the rafters with the help of counter-lattices. She must long years protect the roof of the building from unnecessary moisture. With proper maintenance, the film will last for many years. All this is suitable for the construction of a country house.

In households where people live even in winter, it is necessary to lay a diffuse waterproofing film, which is mounted on top of the attic floor insulation. Such a film will let the steam coming out of the room through, but water will not get inside through it. It is also possible to use an anti-condensation film. It can be used for any roofing material. It will protect against moisture, soot and dust.

This material includes:

• propylene fabric, which is resistant to UV rays;
• non-woven moisture-absorbing material;
• 2 layers film laminated

flat roofs

Ventilated flat roofs have been used since the 1980s. Then a heater appeared with built-in ventilation ducts, which help to quickly remove excess moisture.

Ventilation here occurs due to holes located along the edges of the roof. They must be covered with nets so that insects cannot get inside. If wooden parts are used in the construction, then a vapor barrier should be laid under the thermal insulation layer.

Which differ not only in the complexity of the device, but also in characteristics, installation methods. Among such a variety of types in a separate group is a ventilated roof, which is distinguished by excellent protection against swelling of the roofing carpet, wetting the cake, the appearance of mold, fungus.

Today, such a roof is considered one of the most optimal, its construction is economical, possibly directly on top of the old structure. At the same time, it allows you to completely dry the wet insulation, truss systems. In our article, we will consider the construction of such a roof and its features that made them so popular in private construction and construction. apartment buildings, industrial, outbuildings. In addition, we will find out what options for such a roof exist, how exactly they differ from each other. Our experts will share the secrets of installation, which can be done by hand, without calling a team of professional builders.

Ventilated roof construction

Ventilated roofs, whose designs are quite simple, include such basic components necessary for ventilation, such as:

• ventilation of the space that is between the layers of waterproofing and insulation;
• ventilation between the waterproofing and the roofing itself, it covers all planes, even if the design is complex;
• direct ventilation under the roof itself, which is an element of the general ventilation system of the house.

It is the features of the location of the ventilation that distinguish such a roof from others, constant air inflows allow not only to effectively remove moisture to the outside, but also to control the temperature level. In this case, ventilation will greatly depend on whether the roof lathing system is properly arranged.

Scheme of ventilation of the roof of a non-residential attic.

The process of installing a ventilated roof has its own specifics. So, for ordinary outbuildings and garages, an uninsulated type of coating is excellent, which consists of the following elements:

• rafter system;
• crate;
• waterproofing;
• roofing material.

The film for waterproofing is attached to the rafters with slats, it does not allow moisture to get inside, extends the life of the roof. But such a design is cold, that is, a layer of heat insulator is completely absent in it. This is not suitable for private residential buildings; here it is necessary to arrange another roofing pie. In addition to the above layers, in this case, a slab insulation is required, an anti-condensate film that prevents condensation from forming on the roof elements. Such material consists of several layers:

• two layers of laminated film;
• moisture-absorbing non-woven material;
• polypropylene fabric.

In addition, the device of a ventilated roof assumes the presence of vents in the lower part of the cornice, ventilated skates.

Advantages of a ventilated roof

A ventilated roof differs from other structures in the following advantages that put it in the first place:

1. Installation of such a roof is possible even with sub-zero temperature, the only exception is the presence of heavy rain, heavy snowfall, frost, which falls below minus twenty degrees Celsius.
2. During reconstruction, the removal of the old roofing is minimal, including preparatory work; this makes it possible to save money and time for installation, the cost of the roof is much less.
3. During further operation, everything is completely dried, including floor slabs, heat insulators, old roofing (if any). This allows you to completely remove the risk of rot, mold, fungus, which are very dangerous for the overall roof structure.
4. The old roof covering, which is located under the new ventilated structure, after drying, completely restores all its functions, that is, a kind of double roof is obtained.
5. The swelling of the roofing carpet is completely eliminated.
6. The resistance of the new coating increases, this roof is very resistant to frost, ultraviolet radiation, rotting, strong temperature changes, movements of ice and snow masses in winter, thermal expansion, and various mechanical damage.

How to properly design ventilation?

The design of such a structure always involves the thoroughness of the preparatory work. During the execution of the project, it is necessary to provide that:

• water from the surface always flowed down, that is, proper protection against its influence must be created;
• steam rushed up from the premises, that is, the presence of vapor protection is also required.

The device of such a roof is that rare case when the walls of the house should not breathe! Otherwise, the moisture that can linger in them will lead to delamination of the building material.

Ventilated roof options

Today the most different types ventilated roofs, among which are pitched and flat. They can be used for a wide variety of buildings, the materials for them, however, are the same, only the design differs. Consider these two main design options, their differences, device diagrams, advantages.

flat roofs

Similar ones began to be used from the beginning of the eighties, when it became possible to apply thermal insulation materials with ventilation ducts to help remove excess moisture. Most often, such roofs were made for apartment buildings, where they were most effective.

The pie consisted of the following elements:

• concrete slab as a base for the roof;
• vapor barrier;
• a layer of mineral wool slab insulation, in the thickness of which was the end of the ventilation pipe, the so-called aerator, which removes excess moisture;
• cement-sand screed;
• bituminous waterproofing layer;
• polyurethane material;
• a layer of polyurethane mastic;
• roofing material.

A concrete parapet was erected on the sides, which was protected from the roofing pie with a layer of sprayed or bulk material. Today, this function is performed by polyurethane foam, which provides excellent insulation and sealing. All outlets of ventilation pipes and aerators are also insulated with this material. All flat roofs are considered cold, but still they continue to be popular due to their convenience and economy. building materials during installation.

pitched roofs

They differ from flat ones in that air flows enter through the lower overhangs, and exit through the ridge, while all excess moisture that accumulates under the roof space in the insulation is removed with them. Ventilation in this case can be forced, for which roof fans are installed, the coating is recommended to be light, preferably having a wavy texture. The roof can be insulated and non-insulated, the roofing cake differs only in the presence or absence of a heat insulator layer. For residential buildings, it is necessary to have a heater, in this case, mineral wools in the form of plates are excellent, which are very easy to install, provide an insulated coating, and the absence of cold bridges.

Mounting

The ventilated roof is mounted in the following order:

1. Preparation of the base for work, including the elimination of cracks and potholes. It could be regular styling cement mortar, leveling the entire surface, or asphalting the slab. It must be remembered that the minimum slope of such a roof should be from two to three degrees!
2. Next comes the insulation, in which strips and cracks are unacceptable. Most often used for this mineral wool or glass wool, which guarantee excellent quality and low cost of installation.
3. Depending on the type of roof, further installation work may vary, but basically a waterproofing layer, a cement screed, is laid.
4. As a roof covering, rolled welded materials are used, which provide excellent quality. Laying is carried out using gas burner, while the bitumen melts, the material itself is firmly glued to the base. Lateral overlap should be from one millimeter to five.

When installing, do not forget to mark the outlets of the ventilation ducts, isolate them properly to ensure normal functioning roofs. Only in this case will it acquire its proper qualities.