How to build a timber shed. Do-it-yourself frame and lower strapping of the barn

Hard to imagine Vacation home or cottage without outbuildings. In the sheds, gardening tools, summer swings, hammocks and folding furniture are stored, here you can also house farm animals, poultry, store hay and fodder. As a rule, outbuildings are built from those materials that remained after the construction of the house. The owner can only choose a drawing of the barn, decide on its size and roof structure.

barn construction

Most optimal size for an outbuilding outbuilding - 3x6 meters. This area is enough even for the construction summer shower and a toilet inside the building, and you can also arrange a summer kitchen here.

You can make a drawing of a barn from a photo found on the Internet, or come up with your own original barn, and then transfer the idea to paper. It is not recommended to build even the simplest buildings without a drawing. After all, on paper, all sizes and inconsistencies will become visible.

Shed roofs are most often pitched. flat roof delays too much precipitation, snow masses, requires careful waterproofing. Roofs of complex shape are also inappropriate for sheds, because this building is designed not to decorate the site, but to serve in household needs.

The best solution for a shed would be a pitched roof. Unlike a gable, it does not require the arrangement of a ridge, it will take half as many rafters. It is easier to assemble a shed roof, and precipitation and snow come off it very quickly, without threatening waterproofing.

Important! The angle of inclination of a pitched roof must be greater than 18 degrees. Such a slope will allow precipitation to freely leave the roof, protect the structure from winds and cold.

The optimal value of the pitched roof angle is 18-25 degrees.

The walls of an outbuilding can be built from absolutely any materials, it can be:

• brick;
• foam concrete or aerated concrete;
• boards;
• plywood or MDF fixed on a wooden frame (frame type construction).

Barn from foam blocks

If you need to buy materials for building a barn, it is better to opt for foam concrete. Porous blocks have a lot of advantages over other building materials:

• do not burn;
• do not absorb moisture;
• have a low weight;
• There are several sizes to choose from best option for a small building
• have higher strength and heat capacity than bricks;
• they can pass air no worse than wooden walls;
• absolutely safe and non-toxic.

Despite the lightness of foam blocks, it is imperative to build a foundation for a barn. Given the size of the building (3x6) and the weight of the structures, it is better to choose a tape-type foundation. For stable, dry soils, a columnar base is also suitable.

The strip foundation for a small outbuilding is poured to a depth of about 40-60 cm, while it is necessary to take into account the depth of soil freezing on the site in winter.

The land on the site selected for construction is cleared of debris, roots and vegetation. They mark the perimeter of the barn, dig a trench for the strip foundation.

At the bottom of the trench, a “pillow” of sand, crushed stone and gravel is poured, carefully tamped. Now you need to fix the formwork for the foundation from old boards, plywood or slate. Metal fittings are installed inside the boxes, which should strengthen the foundation.

Pouring concrete. In several places, the solution is pierced with a metal pin, relieving the foundation of excess air. Now you need to leave the foundation for a few weeks so that the concrete can gain the necessary strength.

When the concrete dries, you can start building walls. First lay out the bottom belt.

Attention! Blocks or bricks of the bottom row must be placed on a waterproofing layer. The strip foundation is covered with a layer of roofing material or coated bituminous mastic so that moisture from the concrete does not get on the walls of the barn.

In accordance with the drawing of the building, the walls are laid out, making window and door openings. The box of an outbuilding made of foam blocks is ready.

wood shed

Much more often it turns out that the owner has the remains of wood, and he decides to build a barn out of wood. For such work, at least minimal carpentry skills are required, because you will have to work with a saw and a planer.

A building made of wood weighs quite a bit; it may well act as its base columnar foundation. To do this, markings are made on the site, transferring the perimeter of the future building to the ground.

Pillars are installed at the corners of the barn. A few more supports should be located in the center of the rectangle. The distance between the supports is 80-120 cm (depending on the size of the barn and the type of soil on the site).

The depth of the supports depends on the level of soil freezing in the construction region, on average, it is 40-60 cm. After the trenches for the supports are dug or drilled, wooden formwork is installed in them, a sand and gravel “cushion” is filled up, and metal reinforcement is laid.

Now you need to pour concrete. After 5-6 days, when the foundation hardens, you can disassemble the formwork and start building walls.

To begin with, you need to make the lower trim of the building from a bar. Before laying the wood, the foundation supports are covered with a double layer of roofing material. At the corners, the timber is connected with metal brackets, checked by level.

Install vertical supports at the corners of the barn, be sure to check the level. Fix them with temporary spacers. Taking into account door and window openings, they are assembled from wooden beams the entire frame of the barn.

In order not to litter the summer cottage or the premises of the house with garden tools, you can build a frame shed with your own hands. It will become a convenient place to store various household equipment. To build such a building is not very difficult, the main thing is to follow the technology.

The construction of a barn begins with determining the location. The barn should not be conspicuous, it is better to place it in the backyard. The approach to this building must be made as free as possible in order to bring in or take out large-sized objects and materials: watering containers, gas tools, etc.

Width front door calculated based on the size of the garden wheelbarrow, which may have to be rolled into the building. It is better to build a barn on a small hill, this will protect the building from meltwater that can wash away the base and destroy the entire structure.

Barn on a small hill

You can build an auxiliary structure from any lumber: boards, timber or OSB boards. The foundation is used of any type - columnar, tape, monolithic or prefabricated.

The shed can be of various shapes - square or rectangular, with pitched roof or skate type. There are also no particular problems with roofing; a profiled sheet, ordinary slate or roofing material will do if finances are limited. Colored roofing material will help to revive the structure. Now on sale you can find both a professional sheet and slate of various colors and shades.

First you need to draw up a plan or scheme of construction, which will help to more accurately calculate the number required material. A properly drawn up building plan will allow you to take into account all the nuances of construction, so that in the process of work you do not have to buy additional materials. When purchasing timber and boards, pay attention to their moisture content, which should not be more than 22%. Also, there can be no large knots, blue spots, traces of the work of a wood-boring bug on the wood.

For the manufacture of a frame shed, you will need the device of the following structures:

• Strapping top and bottom. To do this, you need a bar with a section of 100 by 100 mm. Six pieces of 6-meter and eight bars of 3 m.
• The flooring is made from boards with a section of 40x150 mm, at least 20 pieces are required, if necessary, you can add. For a fine finish, it is better to use OSB boards s.
• Vertical supports - here you will need a beam with a section of 100x100 mm, in the amount of 11 pieces of 2.5 meters each, two of them for the doorway.

Vertical supports of the frame shed

To create a slope, one of two possible methods. If the vertical racks of the frame are made of the same length, then on one side of the perimeter of the building they are built up with bars with a section of 50x50 mm, which will require 4 pieces. According to another method, when installing vertical racks on one side of the building, either higher beams or slightly shorter than the rest should be installed. When using any option, the slope of the roof will be provided.

For the manufacture of rafters, you will need a board with a section of 50x100 mm in the amount of 4 pieces, each 4 meters long, taking into account roof overhangs. The crate is made of a board with a section of 22x100mm, which will require approximately half a cube. The draft ceiling is made from sheets of plywood, chipboard, fiberboard or OSB boards. wind board it is arranged from edged lumber with a section of 25x100 mm. It will be enough 6 boards of 3 meters.

Boards with a section of 50x100 mm

The type of fastening depends on the thickness of the beam: the joint in the paw (in half a tree) can be fixed with nails. The butt-to-butt connection is made with steel corners and strips. Also, the work will require self-tapping screws, screws, L-shaped metal plates for fastening the beam in the corners. The main fastener will be nails of various sizes. They are selected so long that when driven into two connected boards from the outside, the point should go 1.5–2 cm from the back. Such a connection will be more reliable.

All wooden elements of the building are treated with an antiseptic that extends their service life. It is best to apply a protective composition in two layers.

Building a barn without a good foundation will not work. The strip foundation will reliably protect the structure from moisture and give it strength. In this case, the floor of the barn will rise relative to the ground level by 40–50 cm.

First, the foundation is marked on the ground, which will require pegs and a strong thin cord. Then a ditch is prepared with a depth of 40–50 cm and a width of about 30 cm. A sand cushion is poured onto the cleared and leveled bottom (it needs to be moistened and compacted a little), and polyethylene is laid on top so that the cement milk is not absorbed into the sand, while reducing the strength of the concrete .

Marking the foundation of the barn on the ground

After that, formwork is installed along the edge of the trench, with a height in accordance with the size of the base. In the upper part of the formwork, spacers are installed between its walls so that the boards do not move apart under the weight of concrete. Further along the entire trench, a reinforcing cage is laid, where the bars are interconnected with steel wire.

For pouring, cement grade 200 or 250, crushed stone or pebbles, sand and water are used. Experts recommend pouring the foundation without long breaks in work so that air voids do not form. It is better not to start work during rain, as concrete mix will become liquid. Such concrete will dry much longer, and strength may decrease. After 3-4 weeks, you can begin work on the construction of a frame shed.

They proceed to the device of the basement, when the concrete poured into the formwork gains the necessary strength, after which the formwork is dismantled. First, a roofing material is spread on the concrete, which will play the role of waterproofing. Several rows of red bricks are laid on it. Do not forget to dress up the seams in the brickwork. In the top row around the entire perimeter of the building in brickwork wooden bars are laid every one and a half meters, on which the beam of the lower trim will subsequently be attached.

Shed foundation pouring

When installing a plinth, you must use building level, observing the horizontal laying. If the horizontality of the basement part is violated, the barn frame will warp and build robust design will not work. Having laid out the basement level and cleaned all the seams from the influx of mortar, leave the structure for a couple of days to solidify. After that, you can begin the installation of frame elements.

First, a roofing material is again laid on top of the base to protect the timber from moisture. It is better to put two layers of roofing material and only then proceed with the installation of the lower trim.

For this, a bar with a section of 100x100 is used. The joints at the corners must be made in the "paw". At each end of the beam, a recess is made in half its thickness. The length of the cut according to the cross section of the beam will be 100 mm. Thus, when connected, an even angle will be obtained. If necessary, the junction of the two bars can be worked out with a chisel. The strapping beam is attached to the embedded wooden parts in the base with nails. Be sure to drive them in obliquely and check the horizontal laying of the timber.

The next stage in the construction of the barn is the installation of the floor. Here we need boards with a section size of 50x100 mm, which will serve as lags. They are placed on edge, leaning on the beam of the lower trim, in increments of 60 cm. They are fixed with nails of a suitable size. To further make all the work more convenient to carry out, you can assemble a subfloor from plywood or any old boards. After them, if necessary, you can dismantle or stuff other material on top. When the base is ready and you can move along it without the risk of falling, the installation of the vertical elements of the barn frame begins.

Frame shed flooring

For vertical racks, you also need a beam, the cross section of which will correspond to the dimensions of 100x100 mm. It is attached to the side of the lower harness, using L-shaped metal fasteners or 150 mm nails, using an oblique slaughter. The distance between the installed racks is at least 1.5 meters. For reliability, they are fixed diagonally with temporarily installed boards with a section of 40x100 mm.

Intermediate vertical racks are additionally fixed with jibs so that their verticality is not disturbed. After the device of the upper strapping, they can be removed.

Location of uprights for mounting door frame depends on where it will be and on its type. If a single leaf door is selected, there are two ways to attach the supports:

• You can save a little on material by installing one rack. The second will serve as an angular vertical beam.
• If the entrance is in the middle, then two additional racks are installed.

Installation of the frame shed door frame

After measuring, the upper bar is nailed along the height of the opening so that it is at the level of the upper part of the window blocks, under which the seat is prepared in the same way.

To install a shed roof, one side of the shed must be increased to a slope not exceeding 25 °. Then the rafters are installed. The material is boards with a section of 50x100 mm, with their installation on the edge. In a shed roof construction, it is carried out with iron staples or nails, which are driven in using the “oblique slaughter” method.

Installation of a shed roof frame shed

Then the crate is mounted. It can be sparse or solid, it all depends on the type of selected roofing material. For waterproofing, roofing felt or other modern membrane materials are laid, and after that the roofing material is already mounted.

The frame is sheathed with any material, but a professional sheet or planed board is usually used. You can also use lining, but this option will be a little more expensive.

This is a new development in the field of construction for the rapid construction of utility blocks and auxiliary premises on summer cottages. All parts are packed in compact boxes, they are quickly and conveniently delivered to the place.

Advantages of prefabricated frame structures:

• You can build a barn in a short time
• Serviceability. The building does not need maintenance.
• You do not need to deal with work such as processing purchased lumber antiseptic solution or update every year appearance paint shed. All you need to do with this new design is to periodically wash it with water from a hose.
• For assembly, you do not need to prepare a foundation, a rammed base is suitable, where a sand-gravel mixture or crushed stone can be used.

Finished frame construction of a plastic shed

In general, the construction of a frame hozblok is a simple procedure. It is important to calculate everything in advance and remember that, according to the existing law, it can be erected in a place that is located at a distance of no less than 3 meters from the neighboring site and 5 meters from the extreme line of the road. Everything else is up to you.

A frame barn is an outbuilding, without which not a single private household can do. Household equipment is stored here so that it does not take up space in the house. To build a barn, you can hire a team of professional craftsmen, however, it is possible to build a building on your own even for people without special skills in construction. The main thing is to choose the right materials and know the construction technology.

Pros and cons of a shed

A frame shed, like any structure, has advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of building from:

• High construction speed - construction takes several days, while it has a long operational period.
• Reasonable cost, especially if you do all the work yourself.
• Light weight, thanks to which the structure is easily erected and does not require a powerful foundation.
• The structure does not shrink, which is why building material no defects occur.

The structure, for all its advantages, also has a disadvantage. Materials require pre-treatment to protect against negative impact environment, mold and fungus, which increases the period of construction of the structure and entails the need for additional investments.

Despite the disadvantage, the design is in high demand, since the advantages of the structure overlap the disadvantages.

Frame barn

Before you start building a barn, you must first choose a place for the building. It is recommended to build a building where it is not planned to arrange beds for planting crops. At the same time, the remoteness of the barn from the house is unimportant and you can be guided by personal preferences. A wooden shed is suitable for construction both near the house and at a distance from it.

Barn frame from the board

Do-it-yourself barn frame is erected without the use of special equipment. It is easily assembled with construction tools.

To build a barn frame from a board, you will need a material whose size is 100x50 mm. Construction begins only after the foundation has completely solidified, if the structure is placed on a support. The first thing they do is assemble the lower trim of the barn from a 100x100 mm beam. with your own hands. Next, logs for the floor are made from the boards. The step between the material should be 500-600 mm. Then fix the vertical racks.

On a note

The boards are fixed around the entire perimeter at a distance of 500-600 mm. between themselves. To strengthen the structure, jibs are attached to the corners. After that, the upper strapping of the barn is performed.

Timber barn frame

Most often, a barn frame is made of timber. For the construction of the structure, dry material is required, on which there are no defects, mold and fungus. The recommended timber size is 100x100 mm. Before the construction of the structure, it is recommended to treat the material with an antiseptic to protect against the harmful effects of an aggressive biological environment, as well as a fire retardant, which will prevent the structure from igniting.

To build a barn frame from a bar, professionals advise taking material whose length corresponds to the size big wall designs. This will allow you to tie from one piece of material, and not to assemble it from parts.

Timber barn frame

The barn frame made of logs is the least popular. This is due to the fact that the material is very heavy, and it will not work to build a structure from it alone. Help is needed for this. Another disadvantage of logs is the high price. For this reason, experts recommend opting for boards or timber. However, a more reliable barn frame is obtained from logs. For the construction of such a structure, it is recommended to hire a team of professional craftsmen.

Before erecting any outbuilding, it is recommended to draw a frame for a barn. It is recommended to order a project from professionals. There are standard drawings standard sizes, from which you can choose the most suitable option. Wooden barn projects are affordable.

The power frame of the barn.

However, a do-it-yourself frame diagram for a barn is not as complicated as, for example, a drawing of a house, so you can do it yourself. To do this, it is recommended to use drawings from the Internet as an example. At the same time, when the barn frame scheme is being executed, one should take into account the dimensions of the structure.

Foundation

The frame under the barn is light weight, like the whole structure itself. For this reason, it is recommended to perform as a support for the structure. Even a non-professional can equip it on their own.

Support columns are arranged in the corners of the structure and where the partitions will be bridged. The distance between the posts should not exceed 2 meters. Supports are also erected in the center of a small wall if its length exceeds 2.5 m. This will protect the floor from sagging while walking.

Step-by-step instruction erection of a columnar foundation:

1. Dig holes that are 800 mm deep.
2. Fill the holes with sand, crushed stone or gravel to 150 mm. and tamp the materials.
3. Perform masonry using cinder blocks or red bricks, as well as concrete mortar.

When the foundation is dry, you can start building the frame of the barn.

barn frame

The frame of the shed in the video lessons and this moment is clearly visible, as they begin to build from the bottom trim. It is important that the materials for this part of the structure have high quality, since the whole structure will be held on it.

The frame of a wooden shed is being built as follows:

1. Fix sheets of roofing material on the support posts to waterproof the structure.
2. Perform the lower trim of the bars, size 100x100 mm.
3. Fix the logs on the base, the distance between which should be 500-600 mm.
4. When installing boards, it should be borne in mind that you need to leave room for window and doorways. For their arrangement, material of a smaller size is used. To fix the openings, a vertical bar is installed. Windows and doors will be attached to them.
5. Fix the racks to the frame with nails or metal plates. The recommended distance is 600 mm. However, the step can be increased, but make it no more than 1.5 m. - this is the maximum plant between the racks.
6. Do the top tie in the same way as the bottom tie.
7. Strengthen the frame of the shed shed with jibs. Fix them at the bottom of the side posts, and fasten additional braces around the entire perimeter to help complete the sheathing of the building.

If a barn frame with a shed roof is being made, then after the construction of the structure, a roof should be made. This will require boards, 50x100 mm in size. To make a roof, boards are fixed on the edge, which are left for the rafters.

The length of the material must be greater than the width of the barn so that the roof extends beyond the structure. The roof can be covered with ondulin. To do this, the crate is fixed in increments of 400 mm. and laying the flooring. After that, the barn is sheathed with OSB or other material, windows and a door are installed, and the structure is decorated.

gable roof

How to make a frame for a barn with a gable roof. It is performed in the same way as a building with a pitched roof. The difference lies only in the design of the roof. At the top of the strapping of the boards, two triangles are fixed from the side of the small walls of the barn. They must be greater than the width of the structure.

A board is attached in the middle of the triangles to gable roof was fortified. To strengthen the roof, it is also recommended to nail metal plates onto the triangle. After that, the rafters are fixed. For this, boards of 150x50 mm are used.

On such a barn roof frame, a crate is installed under the roofing material. It is recommended to use a metal tile. After that, sheathing is performed, do-it-yourself door installation and barn decoration. The structure is ready for operation.

Knowing how to build a plank shed, you can independently build a structure in a short time. The main thing is to choose quality material and adhere to building regulations.

Foreword

Today, the frame hozblok is perhaps the most versatile building, since you can think of a lot of appointments for it: from a place to store garden tools to a workshop

What types and purposes of sheds are there?

For many, a workshop in the garage, as well as storing garden tools there, is far from the best. convenient option. First, the area for travel is limited vehicle, secondly, you need to make sure that any tool does not fall and scratch the car's polish. Therefore, on a suburban area for a well-equipped workshop, it is better to build a barn. As such, sometimes a container or even a metal kiosk brought from the city is used, but this is also not the best solution.

Therefore, let's focus on such a type of building as a hozblok - this is a fairly broad concept and may include various designs. The most common option is a small room without windows under a shed roof with a single door and no window openings.. It can store both garden tools and just unnecessary things. After harvesting, vegetables can be left here until sorted.

With proper insulation, it will do quite well, like a shed for rabbits, however, in this case it is useful to make a small window and ventilation. A similar building will also go for wintering chickens, and if there is a large enough window in it, you can make a workshop, ordinary or for photographing. However, the hozblok can be multifunctional. First of all, under one roof, it is easy to combine several rooms with separate entrances.

At the same time, one part of the structure can be built insulated and with windows, the other - also with thermal insulation, but without windows. In any case, it is not worth saving on insulation, since if it is present under the wall sheathing, the range of purposes for the barn becomes wider. In such a building it is easy to equip not only a workshop, but also a shower room, a toilet, it can be coal. Even under a garden house, such premises can be used while a large cottage is being built.

Why a frame structure for a barn?

It is known that metal is the most durable material, especially when compared with wood, which easily swells from moisture and cracks in the heat, or concrete that cracks quite easily. However, if we talk about the availability and ease of assembly of the structure, then wood is much more preferable both in terms of price and ease of processing. As for durability, the metal is often subject to corrosion, especially in non-residential premises.

Build wooden frame from a bar it is possible in just a few days, while all you need is a bar, boards, screws or nails and metal corners. The foundation for such a building does not even need a columnar one, it can be assembled on a carefully leveled site, and if you do not want the wood to come into contact with the ground, 4 or 6 concrete blocks can be installed under the base. The rafter system is not required, a shed roof is quite acceptable from a number of transverse beams and battens, which is covered with soft slate.

The frame shed is especially convenient in that many companies manufacture all the parts necessary for its assembly at the factory. You can choose the appropriate type from the catalog, where photos must be attached. That is, by purchasing such a kit, you know in advance what kind of size and layout of the hozblok you will get after assembling the structure from timber and sheathing. you can trust the manufacturer, however, you can do it on your own, since the kit always includes instructions in what sequence to fasten the elements of the "constructor".

We assemble the base of the hozblok

First, we level the site so that the long level laid on it shows a strictly horizontal surface. To do this, the soil should be moistened and compacted, perhaps several times, until it completely shrinks, then a pillow of crushed stone and sand is poured, it is also desirable to compact it. Next, we determine the perimeter of the future building and install concrete blocks at the corners, as well as at the centers of the sides.

Directly on them we assemble a wooden frame from a bar with sides cross section 15x15 centimeters. You can, of course, do metal carcass for a barn, but this will require welding skills, and, of course, such a building will not be collapsible, like a wooden one. In order for the structure to stand securely, it is possible to make holes in concrete blocks with a perforator and fix the base frame with anchor bolts.

Now we collect the logs for the subsequent flooring. On the crossbars that will be installed inside the frame, we need a 15x10 timber. To fasten the lags, you need a metal corner of the appropriate dimensions, with a step of about half a meter, a maximum of 60 centimeters, we actively use the level so that there are no deviations from the horizontal. The flooring can be laid immediately, but so that the frame beam is only covered by a third of the floorboard, 10 centimeters should remain under the wall frame.

The erection of the walls of the frame barn

With the help of a plumb line, we expose vertical poles at the corners of the future utility block, for them we use a 10x10 beam. So that they stand evenly and do not roll, we fix them with braces, and then we fix them with corners to the frame. At the top we immediately make a strapping, but more about it a little further. We install racks along the perimeter of the base, while the exact step can not be observed, since for a doorway the distance between the vertical elements of the frame must be wider than for mounting wall cladding.

Facade pillars should be higher than the rear ones. Be sure to take into account how the internal and external upholstery materials will be oriented: if vertically, then you definitely need to make more crossbars in the frame structure. As for the sheathing itself, it can be made in one layer, that is, only external (in this case, insulation is not provided), or two-layer, with internal upholstery. The first option is a deliberately cold barn, and in a rainy climate, dampness easily penetrates into such a room through a thin wall with inconspicuous cracks.

Therefore, at least the outer sheathing must be done with a lap, that is, the boards should be nailed horizontally with an overlap, and under them it is desirable to lay a membrane waterproofing. Or, alternatively, a profiled board is used. The inner lining can be made of fiberboard panels over insulation and, of course, waterproofing, as well as moisture-resistant chipboard. By the way, it is quite possible to make a floor covering from the latter, it is much cheaper than a deck board.

Also, the walls in the hozblok are often upholstered with clapboard, especially if the room will be used as a workshop, photo development studio, summer kitchen or even garden house. As a heater, either foam or polystyrene is laid between the vertical posts. mineral wool, also today, flax fiber thermal insulation is becoming increasingly popular.

We mount the outer and inner lining with the help of stainless steel self-tapping screws. We measure the boards of the outer upholstery so that at the corners they are joined so that the front ones overlap the ends of the side ones, in any case, a special corner of vertical strips will be stuffed on top. We fasten the inner panels first at the corners, and then further along the perimeter, they must be joined strictly on vertical posts (or crossbars, if oriented horizontally). Try to fit everything tightly, without gaps. When installing side panels, they should be cut at the top, taking into account the slope of the roof.

Before starting to make the sheathing, it is advisable to install the door and window frames, the jambs and frames will be installed after the rough finish.

Laying the roof of the hozblok - the final push

At the top, all the vertical racks of the frame at the very beginning are attached to the strapping frame from a 15x10 beam, laid with the wide side down, the same metal corner is used as a connecting element. Now we install crossbars from the same beam on top, in increments of 50-60 centimeters. Given that the front pillars are higher than the rest, the roof beams will fall with a slope towards the rear wall of the building.

Next, we lay the waterproofing, and on top, regardless of what material will be laid on the roof, the crate is mounted. Stele on it either soft roof, or roofing material, on top of which a metal tile is fixed with screws or profile sheet. Suitable for framing regular board, preferably planed, so as not to tear the waterproofing during installation. It is also allowed to use a bar with a side of 5 centimeters. We fasten in increments of about half a meter, it is possible with smaller intervals, but not too close to avoid high material costs.

In the same way, we fill the inner crate for laying the ceiling, after stretching the waterproofing below the beams. It is better to fix the boards or timber during assembly with long nails, diligently sinking the hats so that there is no interference when laying the roof. If you want to get a high-quality insulated hozblok, before you build a light barn frame from a bar with your own hands, prepare a heater not only for the walls, but also for the floor with a roof.

However, since we have flooring on the logs, we can forget about it for now, thermal insulation can also be placed on top, and then covered with linoleum, for example. The main task at this stage is the ceiling, so we take a roll insulation and roll it out between the bars of the inner crate, attaching it to the beams. We immediately lay the ceiling lining in parallel. After that, your hozblok is ready and immediately asks for a photo. Assembly takes only a few days and even one person can do it if everyone is available. necessary tools.

Near a private house or cottage there is always a free piece of land where you can build a small but extremely useful structure - a barn. Its purpose is the most diverse, from inventory storage and solid fuel for the furnace, up to the content of animals. Most often, wood is used to build a barn. And this is fully justified: it is affordable, durable and easy to use. You can build a structure with your own hands, following a simple step-by-step instruction.

The first questions that will need to be resolved before starting construction are: where and from what to build a barn? The area of ​​the plots is often limited, so you need to use the land to the maximum. Alternatively, you can build a barn against one of the walls of the house or fence. If there is enough space, then you can choose absolutely any place, the main thing is that the building is convenient to use.

You can build a wooden shed from different materials:

The first two types of wood will provide a solid, durable and warm building, but the construction process requires large financial and physical costs. The remaining species are suitable for light structures that will be used as storage space, they will certainly cost less, and even one person can build such a barn.

Advantages of a wooden shed:

• Possibility to build "warm" and "cold" construction options;
• Fast construction time;
• Availability and a wide range of materials for construction;
• Ecological purity of wood;
• Possibility to use any decorative finishes and lightweight foundations.

Do not forget about the appearance of the barn. It should be in harmony with other buildings on the site. It is possible to achieve the unity of the exterior through modern finishing materials such as siding or corrugated board.
In order not to be mistaken when calculating the amount of materials, it is necessary to prepare a plan in advance with the exact dimensions of the barn and make markings on the plot of land.

You also need to stock up on fasteners, tools and materials for arranging the foundation and decorative finishes, if required.

Construction of a barn from a bar or log

If an outbuilding should last for many years, then it is best to choose a bar or log as the basis for the walls, because the life of buildings from them can reach 70 years. These materials will provide high-quality thermal insulation in case of keeping livestock or poultry indoors. The building is also suitable for storing inventory. For the construction of a large barn, additional labor will be required.

It is better not to use a shed made of timber or logs for storing firewood, since there is insufficient ventilation in it to dry the heating oil.

Foundation preparation

If there is no time to prepare the foundation, you can replace it with pillars dug to a depth of 60-80 cm.

The principle of laying the foundation is similar to that described above.

Strapping and erection of the frame

It is more convenient to start construction with the arrangement of the site, which will serve as the floor and foundation for the construction of walls. The lower trim must be made from a 150x150 mm timber treated with an antiseptic. Previously, the foundation must be covered with roofing material to protect the building from moisture.

Strapping bars can be butt-joined and fixed metal corners, or half a tree. In the second case, the joints must be secured with nails or studs.

Floor logs are attached to the strapping with special brackets or corners. To do this, boards of 50-60 mm are placed on the edge and fixed with self-tapping screws on the bars in increments of not more than 60 cm.

The next step is floor installation. It can be fixed with screws or nails. It is important to ensure that there are no gaps, and that the outer contours of the floorboard or OSB coincide with the bottom trim.

Then racks are mounted at the corners of the base and fastened with an upper trim. To facilitate your work when building a shed roof, the racks can be immediately adjusted in size, two of them should be 50-80 cm higher. For a gable roof, all racks must be made the same. Further, additional supports are installed along the perimeter of the walls every 50 cm and openings for windows and doors are formed.

roof construction

For a shed, it is advisable to build a shed roof - it is fast and economical. Moreover, the attic on such small buildings is rarely used.

If the upper harness is at an angle, then the rafters from the boards can be laid directly on it, turning them on edge. The distance between them should be no more than 50 cm so that the roof can withstand a large snow load.

On truss system plank battens are laid. The step depends on the roofing material. Under the roofing material - the crate should be solid, under the ondulin you can lay boards with a distance of no more than 40 cm, under the corrugated board a step of 60 cm is allowed.

Wall cladding and installation of doors and windows

Wall cladding can be done with OSB or board (edged and unedged). Plates and edged boards are laid end-to-end and fixed with self-tapping screws or nails. Unedged lumber is mounted with an overlap so that there are no gaps between the boards.

Windows are best used ready-made, as their manufacture requires the skills of a carpenter. The door can also be custom made from wood, metal, or plastic, or cut from OSB board and reinforced with battens.

All stages of the construction of a frame barn can be clearly studied in the presented video.

Finishing

OSB or board does not always look attractive. In addition, if the boards are waterproof, then the lumber needs to be protected from moisture, sunlight and insects. Therefore, the decorative sheathing of a frame shed is an almost indispensable condition for durability and aesthetic appearance.

Also, under the barn, you can arrange a cellar that you can do yourself.

You can sheathe the building different types materials. When choosing them, you should be guided by the exterior of adjacent buildings. For example, siding is able to perfectly imitate brick, log and other materials, if a professional sheet is used in the decoration of the house, then the barn should be sheathed with it, choosing the right shade.

Adjoining or suburban outbuildings are most often erected precisely from wood and its derivatives. These materials provide construction variability and the quality of the finished barn. If you do all the work correctly, then the building will last a very long time, retain an attractive appearance and will not lose its functionality. Therefore, it is so important to follow all stages of construction from laying the foundation to decorative finishes.