Why Russia's National Guard. The National Guard of Russia (Rosgvardia) - new security standards Creation of the National Guard

Troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation- a state military organization in Russia, designed to ensure state and public security, protection of the rights and freedoms of a person and citizen; converted from the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

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Main article: History of the National Guard in Russia

background

This section presents the stages of creating paramilitary formations under law enforcement agencies in the Russian Tsardom and the Russian Empire, revealing some historical parallels with the present.

Oprichny troops

The beginning of the formation of the oprichnina army can be considered the same year 1566, when a detachment of 1000 people selected from the "oprichnina" counties was formed. In the future, the number of "guardsmen" reached 6,000 people. The Oprichnina army also included detachments of archers from the Oprichnina territories. But they are not residents. Tsar Ivan the Terrible introduced the institution of so-called "residents" to "guard Moscow". According to the outfits of the governor, nobles were sent to "life in the capital", who made up an army of up to 3,000 people, they were replaced every three months. The functions of maintaining public order until 1565 were performed by guardsmen. Then the tsar created a special “oprichnina army” from them. Later, in the southern cities of the then Russian kingdom, "residential regiments" were placed, which served as a kind of border guard.

Garrison troops

"Residential regiments" were replaced by Peter the Great "garrison troops", a special type of troops, consisting of the former city archers, soldiers, reytars and incapable (old, married, etc.) people of the new regular regiments incapable of field service. Until that time, their functions were performed by the tsarist infantry and city Cossacks.

inner guard

During the Civil War

Internal troops

The internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia were created in 1992 [ ] after the collapse of the USSR. The troops included all the former formations of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR stationed on the territory of the RSFSR.

Projects for the creation of the National Guard

The idea of ​​​​creating a national guard arose in the early 1990s, in particular, the vice-president of Russia (1991-1993) A. Rutskoi told RBC television about this.

Creation of the National Guard Troops

The troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation were transformed from the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia by decree of the President of the Russian Federation of April 5, 2016. The legal basis for the activities of the Russian Guard is regulated by the Federal Law of the Russian Federation of July 3, 2016 No. 226-FZ “On the troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation” (adopted by the State Duma of the Russian Federation on June 22, 2016, approved by the Federation Council of the Russian Federation on June 29, 2016, signed by the President of the Russian Federation on July 3, 2016.) .

Tasks

The Troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation are entrusted with the following main tasks:

• participation in the protection of public order, ensuring public safety;
• protection of important state facilities, special cargo, facilities on communications in accordance with the lists approved by the Government of the Russian Federation;
• participation in the fight against terrorism and extremism;
• participation in ensuring the state of emergency, martial law, the legal regime of the counter-terrorist operation;
• participation in the territorial defense of the Russian Federation;
• assistance to the border agencies of the Federal Security Service of Russia in the protection of the State Border of Russia;
• federal state control (supervision) over compliance with the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of arms trafficking and in the field of private security activities, as well as over ensuring the security of fuel and energy complex facilities, over the activities of security units of legal entities with special statutory tasks and departmental security units;
• protection of especially important and sensitive facilities, facilities subject to mandatory protection by the National Guard Troops, in accordance with the list approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, protection of property of individuals and legal entities under contracts.

Other tasks may be assigned to the National Guard Troops by decisions of the President of the Russian Federation adopted in accordance with federal constitutional laws and federal laws.

Structure

The troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation were transformed from the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia with the preservation of the structure of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and are headed by the Director of the Russian Guard - Commander-in-Chief of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation.

Until 2018, it is planned to transfer to military service in the National Guard Troops of employees serving in the special forces of the SOBR and OMON of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the center for special forces of the rapid response forces and aviation of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, who were operationally subordinate to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and the relevant heads of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs Russia. In the course of organizational and staffing activities, special attention during the reorganization into the National Guard Troops will be paid to higher state education of officers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, their diplomas, faculties (specialties) and educational institutions.

By presidential decree, the staffing of the central apparatus of the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation is 2,100 employees.

The Central Office of the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation

Districts of the National Guard Troops

To manage military units (subdivisions), the districts of the National Guard Troops operate in the territories, as a rule, of the federal districts of the same name in Russia.

The exception is Eastern District National Guard Troops, which manages military units (subdivisions) stationed on the territory of the Far Eastern Federal District, as well as North Caucasian District of the National Guard Troops, whose area of ​​​​responsibility includes the South and North Caucasus. In total, 7 districts of the National Guard Troops were created for 8 federal districts.

Names of counties and cities in which they are deployed:

• Central Orsha-Khingan Red Banner District of the National Guard Troops - Moscow
• Northwestern Order of the Red Star District of the National Guard Troops - St. Petersburg
• Volga District of the National Guard Troops - Nizhny Novgorod
• North Caucasian District of the National Guard Troops - Rostov-on-Don
• Ural District of the National Guard Troops - Yekaterinburg
• Siberian District of the National Guard Troops - Novosibirsk
• Eastern District of the National Guard Troops - Khabarovsk

ODON VNG

In the direct subordination of the Central Office of the FSVNG is the oldest unit stationed in the Moscow region - the Separate Division for operational purposes of the National Guard Troops (ODON VNG). This division was previously known as OMSDON until 1994. In total, the division has more than ten thousand personnel, hundreds of armored vehicles, helicopters and artillery. Parts of the division took part in special operations that took place in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Nagorno-Karabakh, Central Asia, North Ossetia, Chechnya, Dagestan. At present, the combined divisions of the division continue to participate in counter-terrorist operations in the North Caucasus. For courage and heroism shown in the performance of military duty, thousands of soldiers and officers of the division were awarded military orders and medals, and 19 were awarded the title Hero of the Russian Federation. The servicemen of the division, together with the units of the Central Internal Affairs Directorate for the city of Moscow and the Central Internal Affairs Directorate for the Moscow Region, serve to protect public order and ensure public safety during socio-political, cultural, mass and sports events in Moscow and the Moscow Region, as well as patrol and guard duty. The ceremonial calculation of ODON traditionally represents Troops of the National Guard of Russia(since 2016) at the Victory Parades on Red Square. Parts of the division take part in solemn events dedicated to

Rosgvardia (National Guard of the Russian Federation) was created in April 2016 by decree of Vladimir Putin. The internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs were transferred to the new department. They were joined by detachments of special forces SOBR and OMON, as well as aviation units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

The emblem of the National Guard of the Russian Federation is simple to disgrace and it is almost impossible not to recognize it. This is a golden double-headed eagle on a red and white background. At the same time, the crown over the bird indicates that the National Guard is a federal executive body. With its shape, it [the crown] resembles the crown of the Russian Empire of the 18th-20th centuries, which was used on the shakos of the first units of the internal guard.

The Russian Guard is a paramilitary body of executive power, formed by order of the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces (Armed Forces) of the Russian Federation. Another name is the National Guard. The structure is based on:

• internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs;
• detachments of SOBR and OMON;
• private security;
• TsSN SOR and aviation (center for special forces and rapid response).

The composition of the TsSN SOR includes the legendary units "Lynx" (SOBR), "Bison" (OMON), "Hawk" (aviation special forces), deployed in Moscow and the capital region. Those wishing to enter the service in the National Guard by conscription must clearly understand the goals and objectives of the unit. Military service in the National Guard has significant differences from the performance of military duty in the ranks of the army.

The main tasks of the National Guard

The troops of the National Guard are directly subordinate to the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Armed Forces. The activity of a paramilitary structure is determined by the Federal Law. The intended purpose is to protect the security of society and the state.

To ensure the goal, the Russian Guards perform the following tasks:

• combating terrorist and extremist organizations, participating in counter-terrorist operations;
• protection of OP (public order);
• protection of state facilities, sensitive facilities and cargo of special importance;
• participation in hostilities to protect the territory of the Russian Federation;
• assistance to FSB officers and servicemen of the border troops in the protection of the state border of Russia;
• ensuring the organization of the state of emergency and martial law;
• supervision over the implementation of state laws in the field of arms trafficking, the activities of private security companies (private security companies) and private detectives;
• ensuring the security of representatives of state authorities (by personal order of the President).

The escort and protection of prisoners and persons under investigation is not included in the tasks of the National Guard. Unlike the active army, which is deployed in four military districts, the territorial division of the Russian Guard consists of eight districts: North Caucasus, Siberian, Urals, Southern, Eastern, Central, United North-Western and Volga.

Basic requirements for applicants for service in the divisions of the Russian Guard

To serve in the units of the National Guard on a contract basis, you must meet the age category from 18 to 31 years. Behind the shoulders of the applicant must be a military service on conscription. Priority is given to candidates who served in the airborne troops, special forces, marines, border troops.

An additional advantage will be work experience (in a civilian position), or length of service in rank, in law enforcement agencies and law enforcement agencies. Police officers applying for a place in the ranks of the Russian Guard are not required to take qualification exams.

For other candidates, the qualifying events include:

• examination by a medical commission with the assignment of an “A” fitness category (sometimes, a “B” category is allowed);
• psychological testing for stress resistance and adequacy;
• delivery of standards of physical training.

The gender of the applicant does not matter. Female representatives are allowed to serve on an equal basis with men, and in accordance with identical requirements. For Russian Guardsmen from among girls and women, positions are provided in medical, printing, photogrammetric units, and in communications units.

And also as lawyers, psychologists, cooks, video surveillance operators, translators. Selection for women's positions is accompanied by a medical examination, psychological testing and compliance with physical fitness standards.

Legislatively approved the formation of the National Guard troops of a mixed type, where contract soldiers make up 80% of the total personnel. The remaining 20% ​​are accounted for by young people serving on conscription. The term of military service in the ranks of the National Guard corresponds to the length of service in the Armed Forces, that is, it is one year.

The key requirements for recruit candidates are:

• age of majority;
• the presence of a document confirming the citizenship of the Russian Federation;
• ideal state of health (compliance with the fitness category "A", according to a medical examination at the Military Commissariat).
• compliance with the standards of physical training;
• psychological stability.

With deviations of physical or mental health, you can forget about serving in the units of the National Guard.

Basic standards for the scoring system

With a competitive selection system, preference is given to candidates with higher physical fitness. Not the last place is given to the personal qualities of the applicant. The young man should be distinguished by a high level:

• working capacity;
• responsibility;
• self-control;
• self-discipline.

It is necessary to adhere to the moral values ​​accepted in society. Be restrained, decisive, courageous, attentive. Express thoughts clearly.

The procedure for a conscript who wants to serve in the National Guard

To become a member of the National Guard, and not to serve in the army, a young man of military age must:

• apply to the military commissariat at the place of registration;
• fill in the form of the questionnaire (questionnaire);
• write an autobiography separately (sheet format A-4);
• sign consent to verify personal information.

The application is accompanied by a package of documents, including:

• passport and a copy of the document;
• a certificate of secondary education, or a diploma from a technical school / college / university;
• registration certificate from the Military Commissariat;
• work book (if available);
• TIN and a copy of the document;
• driver's license (if available).

After submitting the documents, the special services are engaged in identity verification. The procedure can take 1-3 months, so you need to take care of submitting documents well in advance of the start of the draft campaign. If the issue is resolved positively, the young man is sent for a medical examination, psychological testing, and physical fitness standards.

Possible reasons for refusal:

• having problems with the law (conviction);
• participation in activities aimed against the public interest;
• neuro-psychological discrepancy;
• having dual citizenship.

The basis for refusal is an unconfirmed medical category of fitness or inability to fulfill the standards of physical fitness.

On March 27, military personnel, police officers and civilian personnel of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation celebrate their professional holiday in the Russian Federation.

I would like to tell you what this service is at the present time, the history of its development and the most striking and interesting moments during its existence.

In Russia, until the beginning of the 19th century, there were no special armed formations to maintain order and ensure the safety of the population, provide assistance to people in case of natural disasters, and perform other law enforcement tasks.

In the 16th-17th centuries, some of these functions were performed mainly by units of the archery army. Under Ivan the Terrible, formations of the so-called "residents" were created to protect Moscow. It was an army consisting of serving nobles, numbering about three thousand people. Subsequently, units of "residents" were placed in Kyiv, Belgorod, Kursk and some other cities.

Under Peter I, internal security in the state was provided mainly by formations of soldiers incapable of field service. They were called "garrisons", later - "garrison" and (or) "internal battalions" and were a reserve of field troops.

The development of internal troops can be divided

for four historical periods:

1. The initial period (1811-1917), which lasted more than a hundred years, from the creation of the internal guard troops, their reorganization into local troops and escort guards until the October Revolution of 1917.

2. The Soviet period (1917-1991) - the formation of the troops of the Cheka-OGPU-NKVD-MGB-MVD of the USSR, their formation, development and service and combat activities.

3. Modern period (from 1991 - 2016). - internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

4. The troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation were transformed from the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia while maintaining the structure of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Initial period Fundamental changes in the provision of internal order and escort service in Russia took place during the reign of Emperor Alexander I.

On March 27, 1811, Emperor Alexander I issued a Decree on the replenishment of garrison battalions, which became known as "provincial battalions" and were soon merged into a single structure - internal Russian guard.

On July 3, 1811, Alexander approved the Regulations for the internal guard, which determined its purpose and tasks. They were: the fight against robbers, robbers and other criminals; detention of fleeing criminals and deserters; combating the smuggling of smuggled and prohibited goods; ensuring order and security during, as we say now, mass events - fairs, folk festivals, church holidays; rendering assistance to the population in case of natural disasters - floods, fires and others, escorting prisoners, prisoners, recruits, the state treasury (large sums of money) and other law enforcement tasks.

The first commander of the internal guard was General E.F. Komarovsky, a professional military man, a participant in the Italian and Swiss campaigns (1799) of the Russian army under the command of A.V. Suvorov, then assistant to the St. Petersburg military governor. An experienced and talented administrator and military leader, E.F. Komarovsky led the internal guard for more than 17 years.

By royal decree of July 25, 1829, 5 linear battalions and 3 mobile companies were formed to protect the mining plants of the Urals and Nerchinsk, where gold and silver were mined, the St. Petersburg Mint. They were supported by the Ministry of Finance. We can say that these were the first units for the protection of important industrial facilities and escort of special cargo.

Radical transformations of the internal guard took place in the 60s of the XIX century in the course of the military reform being carried out in Russia. Then the district command and control system was introduced in the Russian army. The entire territory of the country was divided into military districts. In August 1864, the headquarters of the Separate Corps and the district of the internal guard were abolished, and the brigades and battalions were reorganized into the corresponding units of the local troops, which also included escort teams. Local troops were part of the corresponding military district.

The next stage in the reform of the internal security forces took place in 1886, when the escort teams were consolidated into escort guards. By order of the Military Department of May 16, 1886, it was ordered to form 567 (actually 530) teams for escort service on the basis of the existing stage, escort and local teams.

The recognition of the merits of the internal and escort guards before the people and the Fatherland was the celebration on March 27, 1911 of the 100th anniversary of the local troops and escort guards. In honor of the anniversary, a badge was established for presentation: to officers - from silver; the lower ranks are made of white metal.

After the February Revolution, local troops and guards voluntarily transferred to the service of the new government. On March 12, 1917, the chief inspector for the transfer of prisoners, Lieutenant-General N.I. Lukyanov, together with the officers of his office, swore "allegiance to the service of the Motherland and the Provisional Government", which he informed his subordinates in order No. 1.

Development of internal troops (1917 - 1991)

In 1917 the old army was disbanded. The escort guard has not undergone significant changes, continuing to perform its functions in a reformed form under the Soviet regime.

The October Revolution broke the old state institutions of power, but it soon became clear that it was impossible to manage the country without power structures. Already the first days of the existence of Soviet power showed that in order to establish a new system, not only the army, navy, and government bodies are needed, but also special forces to prevent counter-revolutionary actions within the country and fight against them, establish and maintain revolutionary order in the localities, protect important institutions, enterprises, railways, escort and protection of counter-revolutionary elements, criminals and other tasks. On May 28, 1919, a resolution of the Council of Workers 'and Peasants' Defense "On Auxiliary Forces" was adopted. Now these formations began to be called "troops of the internal protection of the Republic (VOKhR)". This event was a milestone in the construction of the internal troops of the Soviet state.

On September 1, 1920, on the basis of the troops of the internal security of the Republic and other formations, the troops of the internal service of the Republic (VNUS) were created. On January 19, 1921, the VNUS troops were transferred to the military department. The exceptions were the units serving the emergency commissions, as well as the railway and water police, which in all respects were subordinate to the Cheka, and later the GPU - OGPU. Along with the solution of special tasks, the troops were often involved in combat operations at the front. The success of the industrialization of the country, the growing importance of railway transport in the economy and defense of the USSR led in the late 20s and early 30s to the formation of such an integral part of the OGPU troops as the troops for the protection of important industrial facilities and railway structures.

By the end of the 1930s, there was a need to reorganize the command and control of the NKVD troops, which was due to the constant increase in the volume of tasks performed by them, the diversity and difficulty of control of the troops.

During the Great Patriotic War, along with guarding the rear of the army in the field, fighting enemy landings, saboteurs, nationalist gangs, units and formations of the internal troops took a direct part in the battles against the Nazi invaders. It is estimated that during the years of the war, 53 divisions and 20 brigades of the NKVD troops were part of the active army at different periods and participated in the battles. In addition, the NKVD of the USSR formed and transferred to the front 29 divisions. In January 1947, in order to increase the effectiveness of ensuring state security, operational units, and in April 1948, special units of the troops, were transferred from the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs to the jurisdiction of the USSR Ministry of State Security. As part of this department, they were until March 1953, and then were again reassigned to the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs. Important organizational measures for the construction of the troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs-MGB were carried out in 1951. During this period, the troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for the protection of especially important industrial enterprises and railways were abolished, and their functions were transferred to the paramilitary guards. The escort troops were also significantly reduced; they were reorganized, together with the internal troops, into escort and internal guards. On March 15, 1953, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of State Security were merged into a single Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR. In this composition, they were until 1954, when the State Security Committee under the Council of Ministers of the USSR was formed. The formations and units of the internal and escort guards remained part of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the border troops became subordinate to the KGB.

In January 1960, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR was abolished. Its functions are transferred to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Union republics. The Main Directorate of Internal and Convoy Troops also ceased its activities. From that moment and for the next six years, there was no single body for command and control of internal troops in the country. In each union republic where troop directorates and departments were formed within the ministries of internal affairs, issues of troop development were resolved differently, based on local conditions. The lack of unity in the leadership of the troops had a negative impact on their service and combat activities. Therefore, in 1966, the Union-Republican Ministry for the Protection of Public Order of the USSR (MOOP USSR) was created.

As part of the newly created ministry (since November 25, 1968, it became known as the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR), the Main Directorate of Internal Troops was formed. On March 21, 1989, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR adopted the Decree "On the withdrawal of border, internal and railway troops from the Armed Forces of the USSR." The decree extended the order, conditions and terms of service, recruitment to the troops in the same way as for the Soviet Army and Navy, preserved the order of their material, technical and financial support.

Internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia at the present stage

The collapse of the Soviet Union put an end to the unified internal troops of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs. In February 1992, the staff of the Main Directorate of the Commander of the Internal Troops (GUKVV) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia was approved. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the peacekeeping operations of the internal troops were limited to the North Caucasus region - North Ossetia, Ingushetia, Chechnya, Dagestan. In areas of emergency, the personnel of the internal troops served to protect public order and ensure public safety.

March 27 became the Day of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, which was established in 1996 by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation.

In the post-Soviet period, in the second half of the 90s, the reform of troops of such a plan as the BB is being carried out in the Russian Federation. Their task, which they previously constantly performed in terms of carrying out security functions, escorting convicts, etc., was removed from them, but their rights were expanded in terms of protection and maintaining order in the country. Another reform in the Ministry of Internal Affairs took place in 2008, according to which reorganization processes were carried out in the administration of the districts - they became regional.

Troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation

The formation immediately preceding the National Guard was the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, created in 1992. The troops included all the former formations of the Internal Troops of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs stationed on the territory of the RSFSR.

On April 5, 2016, President Vladimir Putin decided to form the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops of Russia (Rosgvardiya), as well as to transform the internal troops of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs into the troops of the Russian National Guard.

The composition of the National Guard, according to the decree, includes special forces of OMON, SOBR, TsSN SOR and aviation of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, private security of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The creation of the National Guard took place as part of a reform to improve the work of law enforcement agencies in Russia.

General of the Army Viktor Vasilievich Zolotov was appointed Director of the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation - Commander-in-Chief of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation by Presidential Decree of April 5, 2016. On the same day, April 5, 2016, Vladimir Putin submitted draft laws on the National Guard and changes in a number of legislative acts. The activities of the Federal Service of National Guard Troops are managed by the President of the Russian Federation.

On January 16, 2016, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree establishing March 27 as the Day of the Russian National Guard Troops.

“To establish the Day of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation and celebrate it on March 27,” the decree says. The document notes that the date was set "in order to preserve the continuity of military traditions and increase the prestige of service in the troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation."

Head of the Dorogobuzh MOVO - branch

FGKU "UVO VNG of Russia in the Smolensk region"

In 2016, the National Guard was formed in Russia. Now this organization has grown greatly, and it has tens of thousands of military personnel.

The troops are designed to ensure security within the state, to fight extremists and protesters.

You can often hear how the Russian Guard is called the "personal army" of the president, because. this structure is subordinate to the commander-in-chief, i.e. head of state. But is it really so?

Structure and powers

The structure includes the following special services:

• SOBR;
• OMON;
• Federal State Unitary Enterprise "PROTECTION" of the Ministry of Internal Affairs;
• Center for Special Purposes of Rapid Response Forces and Aviation of the Ministry of Internal Affairs;
• Bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for supervision in the field of arms trafficking and private security activities;
• National Guard.

Now the head of the structure is Viktor Zolotov, who has been personally working with the president for a long time.
This organization has a number of powers:

1. Demand order from the population.
2. Prevent the occurrence of crimes or infringement of the rights of citizens.
3. Check the documents of the population if there is a reason to suspect people of committing illegal acts, being wanted, and other serious grounds.
4. Demand from officials and the population to stop illegal actions.
5. Protect the scene of the incident until the authorities arrive. Also, the guard may require citizens to leave the protected place.
6. Accept, store or destroy seized/surrendered weapons.

These are only the main powers of the guard, and in fact its capabilities are much wider.

National Guard and police: what is the difference

In theory, each department should have its own specific name, and the functions of these organizations should not overlap.

However, the powers of the Russian Guard intersect with the activities of the police and the FSB (the fight against terrorism in the country and ensuring the integrity of the Russian Federation).

Representatives of the Russian Guard can drive cars with flashing lights. They are also allowed to use special equipment if necessary. Here are the main differences between this structure and the police:

1. Subordination. The police are subordinate to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, while the troops of the Russian Guard are subordinate to the president of the country.
2. Independence. In financial terms, the National Guard is an independent organization. It has all the financial functions of the police, and the annual turnover of the organization is about 20 billion. Also, the troops of the National Guard can control the circulation of weapons and are empowered to license security activities.
3. Tasks. The police maintain order and apply sanctions to violators, then the guard is called upon to protect state integrity and order.
4. The use of weapons. This is perhaps one of the main differences between the National Guard and the police. Employees of both structures have the right to use weapons. Only here in the law "On Police" it is clearly stated that the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs can use weapons in order to protect citizens, in case of encroachment on their health and life. This clause is absent in the law on the Russian Guard, which significantly expands the capabilities of this structure.

How to get a job

To get a job in the National Guard, you need to pass a number of requirements:

1. Health status. After passing the examinations, the conscript in the military registration and enlistment office receives a health category (A-D). Those who are fit for service and fit for service with minor restrictions are accepted for service in the Russian Guard, i.e. people with A and B health categories.
2. Psychological health. Also, future employees must undergo a psychological selection. Based on the selection results, a person is assigned 1 of 4 fitness categories. Basically, people with categories 1 and 2 are hired, in rare cases - 3. The last category is considered not recommended.
3. Additional requirements. In addition to these requirements, the future employee must have a sufficient level of physical fitness, education and qualifications.
   Both civilians and military personnel can become guardsmen. To do this, you need to apply to the commander of the unit. He makes the decision to accept. If a person who wants to get into the guard has no contradictions for the service, he is given referrals for medical examinations, mental tests and passing standards for physical fitness.

Salary

The salary of a guardsman depends on:

• ranks and positions;
• the amount of monetary allowances;
• employee allowances;
• material assistance to the guards.

Now the salary of an ordinary guardsman is 25,000 rubles a month, and an officer-rank guardsman earns about 55,000 rubles. These are averages and numbers may vary depending on the region of service.

It is important to note that in regions with adverse environmental and weather conditions, the salary of a guardsman is noticeably higher than the salary of an employee working in large cities.

To the complaints of military personnel about low wages, the command promises employees to significantly increase wages, but this will not happen soon.
It should be noted that Vladimir Putin recently increased funding for the National Guard, and military personnel can expect a salary increase of about 4-5% in the near future.

Benefits for military personnel

The guards themselves and their families have a number of state benefits:

• health and life insurance;
• free vacation;
• receiving free medical services;
• the possibility of obtaining a mortgage loan on preferential terms at a rate of less than 10%.

It is worth noting that the longer the service life of the guardsman, the better the benefits from the state. For example, an employee who has been in the service for less than 10 years will receive free rest for a period of 30 days. Employees over 20 years of age will be granted 45 days of rest. Also, the benefits are significantly affected by the personal merits of the employee: participation in hostilities, service in adverse conditions, etc.

The National Guard is a young structure that is developing at a tremendous pace. The organization was created only 3 years ago, and it already includes more than 350,000 employees (1/3 of the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs). Therefore, joining the National Guard is a profitable and promising goal. However, it should be understood that there are certain requirements for the health of employees, so not everyone will be selected.