Information technologies in construction: description and types, application in practice. IT in construction Grand estimate newspaper information technology in construction

The use of information technology (hereinafter referred to as IT) in modern world occurs in all spheres of human activity. "Smart" systems and programs come to the rescue in accounting and finance, medicine and pedagogy, advertising and cinema, and many others. in construction also brought positive changes in the work of specialists - builders, designers and architects, customers. Computers help from the very beginning, accepting an idea to creating a project, visualizing the result, compiling calculations and estimates, directly erecting structures and managing the object itself.

CAD

To implement information technologies in construction, computer-aided design systems - CAD are used. With their help, you can do:

architectural planning;
solving project planning problems;
design solutions;
calculate the mechanical characteristics of structures (strength, rigidity, stability, etc.);
creation of documentation, design, design and estimate;
the construction itself.

We list the most popular programs in construction:

AutoCAD;
ArchiCAD;
Allplan;
nanoCAD;
Revit;
"Compass";
SCAD Office;
"PC LIRA" and others.

AutoCAD, a brief excursion

AutoCAD - CAD, which is used in their work by builders, architects, and specialists in other industries. The application allows you to create two- and three-dimensional models. With the help of a program that operates with common graphic primitives, drawings and drawing documentation are created. The existing library of elements allows the use of dynamic blocks, if necessary, it is possible to change their parameters. The system can manage printing, including three-dimensional.

For construction and architecture, special applications have been created on the basis of the program:

Architecture - for working with drawings and documents;
Civil 3D will help in the design of infrastructure, road wiring, land management and landscape;
Inventor 3D - you can use it when designing complex sections of communications (pipelines, cable systems, etc.).
Navisworks - checks architectural projects.

The service has a paid license for commercial use, free for study and teaching.

ArchiCAD

It is considered one of the best applications used in building and architectural design. Information technology in construction, thanks to this application, allows you to create a virtual model of real structures, using tools that have real analogues (columns, walls, windows, ceilings, and so on). Along with the project, documentation is being created.

Estimated documentation

Information technology in construction helps in compiling budget documentation and allow:

calculate the estimate;
choose the form of the estimate;
use knowledge of regulatory bases, indices, coefficients.

There are dozens of applications that automate these processes. Most Popular:

"Estimate 2000"\"Resource estimate";
Smeta.ru;
"Estimate-2000";
"Obverse";
"Grand Estimate" and others.

The ability to automatically check calculations and create printable forms makes it easy similar work, reduces the time for its creation. Almost completely eliminates the possibility of error.

Programs for integrated management

The existing information technology systems in construction are designed for the integrated management of an enterprise in this industry. Most popular:

"1C: Construction organization management";
"1C: Construction contractor. Construction management";
"1C: Construction contractor. Financial management".

Systems help in compiling calendar plans and control over the execution of work. It is possible to exchange data with budget and financial programs.

IT in construction - newspaper

Newspaper "Information technologies in construction" - an electronic resource. Published in Moscow, MGK "GRAND MEDIA" since 2005. Since 2011, it has been published in the electronic version. There is an official site. Publication frequency - once a month. "Information Technologies in Construction" is a newspaper popular both among narrow specialists in the construction industry and among service users. We list the main topics.

Latest construction news.
Information technology news in the industry.
Estimate practice, clarifications in working with the Grand Estimate program.
Regulatory and legal issues of all spheres of the construction industry.

In the newspaper you can find interviews with experts in the construction and automation industry, answers to questions frequently asked by readers.

Information technologies in construction, magazine

"Construction Expert" - a portal for specialists in the construction and architectural industry. Exists since 1998. Produces the release of periodicals and special publications on all segments of the architectural and construction industry. Its authors are professional architects, designers, builders, businessmen, scientists, teachers, employees of public and government organizations. Among the project partners: the Union of Architects of Russia, the German standard Knauf, Graphisoft ArchiCAD, and many others. Main sections.

Articles. Contains international and domestic news in the field of design, project engineering, construction and more.
Developments. Here you can find information about seminars, sections, congresses dedicated to construction topics.
Gallery of projects. It has three sections: architecture, interior, landscape. Each section presents cutting-edge projects, their description in each area.
Professionals. Contains information about specialists involved in construction and architectural activities: in design, construction, science and education, in economics and law, as well as in the media.
Organizations. The names of the subsections speak for themselves: manufacturers, suppliers, retail chains, government and public authorities in the construction industry.
Special projects.
Contests.

Finding the magazine "Information Technologies in Construction" is not difficult, as it has an official website.

BIM - modeling

Modern construction at all stages is a complex of calculations, projects with a huge variety of practical tasks related to materials and structures, investments and costs. It is not enough for today's customer to get a good, solid building. At least he wants something non-standard, durable and with minimal cost. The use of information modeling technology in construction helps in solving these and many other problems.

In the course of project management for the construction of complex, saturated with a network of communications and equipment of technological facilities, a number of problems arise. Most of them can be allowed at the design stage. Most of them can be eliminated. Thanks to the use of BIM technology, the efficiency of interaction between all parts of the process is increased, cost, time and risks are reduced. This is not just a software product - it is a change in the approach to project management.

A building information model is a complex model containing complete graphical and textual information about all elements. The system consists of five basic levels characterizing the development process. From concept to actual state. At various stages, the level of detail sets the required amount of information. Level requirements are cumulative. So the next one automatically contains the predecessor's requests.

The main technology is a three-dimensional model. Depending on the tasks to be solved in the course of work, additional vectors are added: 4D - time, 5D - cost, 6D - operation.

Key Benefits of BIM Modeling

We list the main advantages of BIM modeling:

Creation, by adding non-standard elements, symbols, and so on to the database.
Collaboration both between departments and participants of the investment project.
Parametrization.
Search for collisions, as a result, their timely elimination.
Release of any documentation. From the project to the estimate and accounting accounts.

BIM model - numerical, editable, existing in real time. Despite the relative high cost, the technology is increasingly becoming quite promising for the Russian Federation. This happened due to the fact that recent times In the field of architecture and construction in Russia, the following trends are emerging:

Information technology in professional activities

The use of IT in the architectural and construction industry requires large investments, both financial and intellectual. The cost of the programs themselves, equipment (one 3D printer costs as spaceship), the training of specialists is quite expensive.

Today there are organizations capable of carrying out all types of work, from an idea to legal matters in construction. Work here the best specialists and the best, modern and expensive equipment is used. One of such enterprises is LLC NPF "Center for Information Technologies in Construction" in Moscow. Carries out activities related to design, project management, construction control and author's control.

Current IT situation in road construction

Information technologies in this area are the subject of discussion in the authorities, among people of science, in the media. In parallel, in the processes of improving the efficiency of urban planning, the issue of the possibility of using BIM technologies not only in the construction of buildings, but also in other industries, in particular, the road industry, is being considered separately. Information technology in professional activity road construction makes it possible to form all stages and processes as a single unit throughout the entire life cycle of an object. Both at the stage of operation and decommissioning from it, and at the stage of formation of design, estimate and executive documentation.

BIM and PLM

BIM-information technologies in road construction were ahead of PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) technologies, but they "took root" only in mechanical engineering. Since efficient production in this area is the concern of large corporations. And providing the population with quality roads is the prerogative of the state.

The basic principles of BIM are already being implemented in one way or another in the technology of information activity. road construction. Together with representatives of science, government, economic bodies adopted legislative acts, providing for the introduction of technology in the road construction sector of Russia.

IT security

A set of measures to ensure the protection of data from any impact must be provided for and used on all media and systems. Personal data, electronic documents, ideas, developments, mail correspondence with colleagues and partners, financial and accounting files - all this can be of commercial and other interest.

In today's arsenal, the means are presented as physical and organizational, hardware-software, legal. That is, from protection and good doors before the adoption of laws and legislative acts. Information technology protection is a very broad topic and deserves special attention.

Finally

Information technologies are becoming more and more densely included in all spheres of human life. Forms and methods are quite diverse. It can be a computer program, a website, social networks, complex both hardware and software multi-complexes designed to solve serious, specific problems. IT also "broke through" into the construction and architectural industry. The presence of modern services can help the work of professionals, the education of students and schoolchildren. The Internet will also help ordinary people doing repairs at home or in the country. The IT arsenal is constantly being improved, more and more new forms are coming, designed to speed up work, make its result perfect, reduce costs and much more.

Actual topic

In Russia, cases of failures of facade systems installed on residential buildings. Dozens of photos of such incidents on the Internet are too eloquent to forget about them. This happens for a number of reasons that can be reduced to one - violation of the requirements of standards during design, installation and operation.

Materials and technologies

Text: Denis Bannikov
Your own home is not the cheapest pleasure, and not only because of the price of building materials and labor costs. Obviously, your house without electricity, heating and sewerage is a hut in a hunting lodge, and not a full-fledged housing for permanent residence with all the attributes of civilization that create the desired comfort and enjoyment of living in a detached house.

One scientific and technological innovation implemented in an interesting design decision, pulls the next innovation. This happened, in particular, with large-format ceramic tiles and porcelain stoneware.

The concrete web combines the ease of laying rolled materials with the strength of concrete, making it possible to perform tasks where no other alternatives exist. The frost resistance of the technology guarantees its successful application in the Russian climate.

What unites polystyrene foam (styrofoam), a kitchen kettle, cellular telephone, baby clay, aspirin, seedling containers and plastic food containers? All of them are made from various components of oil. At the same time, modern quality foam 98% air, does not release into the atmosphere harmful substances, does not sustain combustion and serves more than 100 years. Approximately 40% of European houses are insulated with foam plastic. Also, architectural decor, sculptures are made from it, roads, metro stations and even ... islands are built.

Text: A. Voronin, leading technical expert of the ROSIZOL association
Russia is actively implementing a program for the overhaul of buildings. According to the Ministry of Construction and Housing of the Russian Federation, almost 100,000 houses have already been repaired. Taking into account that major repairs of buildings are carried out for many years to come, on average, once every 30-50 years, it is necessary to foresee the list of work performed, the requirements for the energy efficiency of the building and its insulation. This article will present an effective strategy for energy efficient overhaul in multi-apartment residential buildings (MKD).

About 60 years ago, something remarkable happened in urban construction: the first systems of hinged ventilated facades of buildings appeared in Europe. And although history is silent about the name of the inventor, nevertheless, the technology of hinged ventilated facades marked a new round in the development of the construction industry.

Rockpanel Woods' warm, pressed basalt fiber wood textures provide architects with the opportunity to create surfaces that are pleasing to the eye and non-dissonant. One of good examples cladding material for maximum integration into natural landscape- FOK "Snowdrop" in Togliatti.

The construction of any structure begins with the construction of the foundation. Its creation should be treated as responsibly as possible, because it is a well-made foundation that will guarantee the longevity of the house.

The main task of designers is to achieve the most efficient and trouble-free operation. engineering systems generally.

It hardly makes sense to dwell in detail on the properties of aerated concrete. They are well known to designers and builders, especially since wall blocks made of this material have been produced since the beginning of the 20th century. and is now widely used in all countries of the world.
At the same time, the construction market constantly needs products with new technological and operational characteristics, as well as expanding the range of services provided. How does a manufacturer of aerated concrete blocks manage to stay “on the crest of a wave” in such conditions? We asked Dmitry Bondarenko, Marketing Director of Bonolit Group, to tell us about this.

The attic is attic space residential type, in which it is necessary to create comfortable conditions for living. It has a large common surface of contact with the external environment, and during the operation of the attic, heat losses occur, which are quite large - 20-25% of the total building losses. In the light of modern requirements for the energy efficiency of buildings, it is necessary to minimize these losses. The fulfillment of this important task imposes special requirements on the quality of the insulation. During the entire service life of the attic, it must retain its basic properties.

The new main building of the Leuphana University in Lüneburg (Germany) invites new ideas, innovations and discoveries.

From March 21 to March 24, Nuremberg will host one of the largest events in the construction industry - the Fensterbau Frontale 2018 International Exhibition, where traditionally leading manufacturers of doors, windows, facades and building materials present their products. Within the framework of the event, under the motto "People.Passion.Profiles", the German concern profine GmbH will also tell the guests of the exhibition about its latest developments.

As the desire for greater environmental sustainability in our daily lives increases, many businesses are responding to this just demand of the times by offering greener products, services and manufacturing policies. The reverse side of the coin was the appearance of an undercurrent - greenwashing, i.e. environmental positioning of goods or companies without sufficient grounds for this. As the green building trend is increasingly penetrating various segments of the construction industry, it is now very important to keep greenwashing out of the window market. Partners of the WinAwards Russia Award in the Green Windows nomination - Ecological Union and Profine RUS - help to sort out this issue.

Laying ceramic tiles on the facade is time-consuming work both in the design process and during installation. The main factors that designers must consider are the differential movements between the base and the ceramic coating due to daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations, which in turn depend on geographical location object, solar exposure, color and size of ceramic tiles.

For more than 14 thousand years, brick has been a building material unsurpassed in its characteristics. Brick has been reliably serving a person for centuries, protecting his home from bad weather and fire. Today, there are many types of bricks: building, facing, clinker, hand-molded, self made, oven brick, long format brick ... In this article we will talk about facing brick, which is a decoration of the facade, gives it individuality, forms a style.

Construction company"Rikedom" - partner German manufacturer construction chemistry Remmers - talks about the original technology of painting wood at a negative temperature. Winter is not a reason to postpone protection wooden house for later.

More than 230,000 federal sports facilities operate on the territory of our country, capable of accommodating more than 6 million people at a time. At the same time, most of them are worn out both physically and morally. Today, the reconstruction of old sports facilities and the construction of new ones is a key task, both regional and federal.

concrete pavement floors are considered to be one of the most durable, so many consumers think that surface protection is not required.

A real comfortable indoor microclimate, especially in a residential building, is created according to the obvious laws of physics and chemistry - thanks to the correct vapor permeability finishing materials, the safety of their composition and the ability to resist harmful microorganisms. In this sense, quality lime plaster fully meets all demanding expectations.

We present to your attention an interesting idea of using DSP in the interior of a house.

Like a symbol hearth, the kitchen attracts special attention: food is cooked and gathered here on holidays, quiet romantic evenings and noisy family holidays. This is the heart of the home. It is not surprising that in the arrangement and design of housing a lot of time is spent on choosing kitchen set. If in an era standard kitchens it was easier to decide on a model, today the range is so large that it leads the consumer into a state of complete confusion. What to look for when choosing a kitchen? What materials and what style to prefer? How to arrange furniture and appliances rationally? Let's listen to the advice of the professionals of the company "Maria" - the leading manufacturer of furniture for kitchens in Russia.

Engineering equipment

The solutions of the group of companies "Special Systems and Technologies" (GK "SST") were used in the "Biosphere" project - a unique complex of biological treatment facilities Moscow oil refinery. Pipelines, tanks, floors of technological sites and other equipment of the advanced environmental installation launched by the management of Gazprom Neft PJSC and the Moscow City Hall are protected from freezing by an electric heating system based on self-regulating heating cables and LLS resistive cables.

On the southern coast of Crimea, not far from Yalta and just 500 meters from the Livadia Palace, there is a complex of elite apartments - the Diplomat residence, which meets international de luxe class real estate standards. The object impresses with its luxury. The exclusive location and exquisite architectural concept are complemented by high-tech engineering infrastructure of the buildings. Its basis is GRUNDFOS equipment, which, thanks to its excellent characteristics, high quality and unsurpassed reliability creates the most comfortable conditions in residential buildings.

Text: K.V. Povetkin, engineer for pumping equipment, WILO RUS LLC
In our time, the demand for fountains is steadily increasing: garden, city, park, inside a cafe, shopping centers and private properties. The first city fountains appeared in Ancient Greece. At first, in the settlements, the ancient Greeks built beautifully framed reservoirs with natural filling, which served as a source of drinking water. Later, such tanks were lined with marble or mosaics, decorated with antique statues, combined with a water organ, water clock or puppet figures moving under the influence of water jets. Fountains have become not only a source of drinking water, but also a favorite resting place for citizens.

With the onset of cold weather, the issue of warming your house or apartment becomes the most relevant. The central heating system is not always able to create an optimal temperature regime, which makes one think about additional heat sources. To date, one of the most popular solutions is underfloor heating. This technology helps to create warmth and comfort in both new and renovated premises.
Underfloor heating can heat the air up to 2.5 m, thereby maintaining a constant temperature, which is especially important in winter.

Communications hidden from the eyes are the trend of modern construction. Open wiring, bulky remote boxes and technical units - all this is a thing of the past. Concealed installation systems are being replaced, in particular for bathrooms. The advantages of such systems will be discussed in this article.

BIM-technology

As you know, the world is changing every second, and the industries that it covers are changing along with it. The construction industry has always been subject to changes associated with the appearance on the market of innovative building materials and technologies that meet new requirements. Design and construction organizations, in an effort to reduce internal costs and increase company profits, are shifting their divisions to more high levels engineering skills in all areas.

Text: Vladimir Talapov
Implementation of building information modeling technology on state level is a way to increase the efficiency of the entire construction industry, already proven by world experience.

Developments

On December 12, the award ceremony for the winners of the INTERIOR CONCEPT 2017 competition, founded by HANAK, took place in Moscow. The competition was organized by the Stroitelny Expert publishing house, and the TON furniture factory was the partner.

On December 7, 2017, a solemn ceremony of summing up the VI All-Russian competition"CERAMIC GRANITE IN ARCHITECTURE". The event took place in the Fibonacci-loft art space (former ARMA plant).

Text: Elizabeth Lamm
The Moscow publishing house DIA published a "Terminological Dictionary of Foundation Engineering, Soil Mechanics and Soil Science", prepared by the Research Center "Construction". One of the co-authors of the book is the chief specialist of the department engineering surveys Department of Construction Solutions of Glavgosexpertiza of Russia Vladimir Konovalov.

Announcement

On September 17, 2018 it became known of terms of occurrence in Russia of a uniform digital platform for building information systems. It is created within federal project"Digital Construction", TASS reports with reference to the statement of the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Communal Services following the results of the II International Conference "Development of the Institute of Construction Expertise".

By this date, a single digital platform should appear that unites all IT systems in the construction industry. The digitalization of construction involves the automation of all stages and procedures throughout the entire life cycle of an object.

According to the forecast of the Ministry of Construction, the transition to digital construction will reduce the time and other costs of facilities built at the expense of the budgets of the Russian Federation at all levels by up to 20% in 5 years. At the same time, the reduction in the time from making a decision on construction to putting the facility into operation will reach 30%.

True, as part of the large-scale digitalization of the construction industry, a lot of work remains to be done. In particular, it will be necessary to transfer the fund of normative and technical documentation in the field of construction into a digital format, form the basis for the transition to an automated verification of the information model of a capital construction object, and introduce a unified classification system for construction information in order to harmonize normative and technical documentation with international and Russian legislation.

By September 17, 2018, a system of regulatory technical documents was formed to ensure the implementation of information modeling technologies in construction.

The construction industry is waiting for large-scale IT innovations

The "road map" for the development of the construction industry includes many activities related to the field of informatization. In particular, the strategy for the development of the construction industry, which should be developed by October 2018, will provide for its digital regulation. At the same time, by September 2018, changes should be made to the legislation, providing for the consolidation of powers to create and operate information systems for urban planning activities for the authorized bodies executive power subjects Russian Federation.

Most of the innovations should be implemented by December 2018. Thus, the transition to automated collection and analysis of information on the cost of building resources using the federal state information system for pricing in construction, which will provide reliable and accurate information on the cost of building resources in real time.

In addition, it is expected to put into commercial operation and fill the state information system "Unified State Register conclusions of the examination of design documentation for capital construction objects. Using the information contained in this resource will reduce the time and cost of both design and subsequent examination and construction.

Should be developed open information resource to publish information on registers describing procedures in the field of construction. It will increase the availability of relevant information for business entities.

Also, by December 2018, monitoring of the use of standard software in the maintenance of information systems for urban planning by local governments should be carried out. The goal is software unification.

Additionally, during the same period, proposals should be prepared on the feasibility of creating a federal state information system for ensuring urban planning activities for the implementation of a unified collection, documentation, updating, processing, systematization, accounting, storage and provision on the territory of the country. interested persons information necessary for the implementation of urban planning activities.

In addition, the legislation of the Russian Federation should be amended to provide for the establishment of a single standard for the provision of regional or municipal services for obtaining a building permit using the e-government infrastructure. This should eliminate the existing heterogeneous practice of providing construction permit services in different regions of the country and establish a single standard for the provision of services.

Among other planned activities until December 2018 is the introduction of amendments to the legislation, providing for the introduction of information modeling technologies at all stages " life cycle"capital construction facility, including design, construction, operation and demolition. Within 3 months from the date of adoption of these changes, a federal state Information system pricing in the construction, operation and demolition of capital construction projects. The purpose of this innovation is to increase the accuracy of estimates due to the transition to resource method drawing up cost estimates, including for the operation stage and for the stage of demolition of a capital construction facility, as well as increasing the transparency of estimating the cost of costs associated with the operation of a capital construction facility and its demolition

By December 2019, it is planned to switch to a single state digital platform in construction, which ensures the interaction of authorities, local governments and organizations in digital form throughout the entire cycle of processes in the field of urban planning relations. All this should ensure the transparency of decision-making by the authorities and controlling structures, eliminate the "human factor" from these processes, and also speed up the work in the field of urban planning.

Within the same period, amendments should be made to the legislation providing for the creation of a federal register normative documents in the field of ensuring the safety of buildings and structures. The register will include information on building codes and building regulations, as well as documents of federal executive authorities, the application of which affects the safety, reliability and durability of buildings and structures (in a machine-readable format).

BIM technologies in Russia

Information modeling technology, or BIM, is an approach to the construction, equipping, maintenance and repair of a building, which involves the collection and complex processing in the design process of all architectural, design, technological, economic and other information about the building, when the building and everything that has to relation to him is treated as a single object. BIM technologies make it possible to take a big step forward in the development of an object - from making a conceptual decision during design to decommissioning an object. The introduction of this technology will significantly improve the quality of design and at the same time simplify work at all stages of the life cycle of an object, which will allow us to move to a new stage in the development of the entire industry (