Efflorescence on brick: causes of occurrence on masonry. How to overcome efflorescence on a brick Salts protrude on a brown facing brick

Neat brickwork with embroidered seams looks great, creating an aesthetically pleasing beautiful view structures. It becomes doubly insulting when this picture deteriorates due to the appearance of white spots on the surface. These are efflorescence on the brick.

Almost every one of you has seen the appearance of a whitish coating on the walls, brick fences. Elevations not only spoil the external perception of the facades, but also create the danger of its gradual destruction.

Therefore, it is necessary to determine the cause of this phenomenon, eliminate it and provide for measures to protect the structure.

Causes of efflorescence

Efflorescence on the surface of a brick is a deposit of salts that come out under certain conditions. From the point of view of the physics of the process, brick is a porous material that adsorbs moisture.

If the efflorescence is not “treated” for a long time, then they increase in size, forming no longer spots, but scales of salts. The process of destruction of the brick begins, since salts are also deposited in the pores inside the material.

From this we can conclude that efflorescence on the brick, the reasons for their occurrence are the increased moisture content in the brickwork. Water produces its destructive activity.

This is especially true in winter, when there is a change from positive to negative temperatures. The more cycles of freezing - thawing, the more detrimental it is for the structure of the water-saturated brick. At the same time, he experiences repeated internal pressure (stress).

The more cycles of moisture absorption, thawing - freezing, drying and crystallization experienced by bricks, the more likely the process of its destruction. Efflorescence is a consequence of the presence of various kinds of salt deposits.

Why do efflorescences form?

brick storage

Deviation from the technology of making bricks, their storage conditions. Although it belongs to open storage materials, it must be covered from atmospheric influences. AT recent times bricks arrive at the construction site on pallets, wrapped in foil.
If the brick is saturated with moisture, then salts from the feedstock for its production can dissolve in it.
In the water that goes to the preparation of the solution, there is mainly an abundance of salt deposits. If the solution is prepared in hard water with a high content of lime salts, then they can go into the structure of bricks.
When using plasticizers, lime, antifreeze additives in the solution, some amount of salt components can migrate from the solution into the brick.
Sand used for the preparation of solutions and mined in areas with a high salt content can also be a "supplier" of salt.
During construction, it is necessary to strictly observe the entire sequence of the technological chain. With poor-quality waterproofing between the foundation and brick wall all the moisture in the capillaries will rise up.
Since bricks draw moisture into themselves, they can constantly be saturated with water from the underlying foundation, the so-called “capillary rise of moisture” property. Efflorescence on the brick will not keep you waiting.
Atmospheric precipitation falling on the walls also contains salt. This is especially true in industrial areas where emissions from chimneys are high.

Unfortunately, one can only remember how our grandmothers collected rain water for washing hair, washing. It was very soft and close to distilled.

For the most part, efflorescences appear when several of these factors are combined at once. Therefore, a number of protective measures should be taken brickwork from moisture. And if a whitish coating is already present, then clean at least the outer sides of the brickwork from salt deposits.

It is necessary to act according to the following algorithm:

Remove limescale from the facade using special cleaners (washes);
Rinse the surface thoroughly with water, dry well;
Protect the facade by applying a hydrophobic (water-repellent) agent. Water repellents protect building materials from water penetration.

How to remove efflorescence on brick

In the vast majority of cases, attempts to wash off efflorescence from the walls with water and a brush do not lead to the desired result.

At points of sale of building materials, you can purchase special products for cleaning facades from efflorescence. First of all, you need to decide on the nature of your type of salts. For the selection of the right one, they are sold in small packages.

Having decided on the brand of cleaner that removes efflorescence from the surface better than others, purchase it for the entire volume. Consumption, method of application, dilution proportions are indicated in the instructions on the preparation.

The compositions are aggressive, so use products for personal protection(respirator, goggles, gloves, closed clothing). To work, you will need a roller with which you will apply the composition to problem areas.

Efflorescence removal

Wait the time indicated in the instructions for the composition to work with the salt content. Then, with a brush and water, remove waste from the walls to clean water.

A widely used method of removing salts with a solution of hydrochloric acid (2-4%). First wet the wall well with water, then apply a hydrochloric acid solution. Leave for 10 minutes and thoroughly wash off everything from the treatment area.

Brick protection from destruction

To protect them, they should be treated with special means - water repellents. They successfully protect the brick from atmospheric destruction. The bottom line is that after applying the drug, a thin protective water-repellent layer (film) is formed that prevents the penetration of moisture.

They are produced in various compositions. Silicone, acrylic, organosilicon, varnishes - impregnations and others. The end result is the same - the creation of a microfilm that prevents the penetration of moisture into the micropores. This allows you to significantly extend the life of the brick surface.

After cleaning the area from efflorescence on the brick, put in order the seams, damaged masonry places, dry them. Apply the selected product to the surface until it is no longer absorbed.

Impregnate with a roller, brush. Carry out work in dry weather and positive temperature. Water repellents protect the walls, help to maintain the original appearance of the masonry for 5-8 years. In addition, they protect the facing brick surface from destruction.

Effective are the means "Optimist Wet Stone", "Tiprom U", "Siloksil", "Tiprom K Lux", "Aquasil", other compositions. Over time, it becomes necessary to re-process.

Recommendations for preventing efflorescence on brick

Masonry is preferable to produce in dry, warm weather;
When preparing a masonry mortar, it is desirable to use coarse sand and water with a minimum content of water-soluble salts;
During technological breaks in work, the masonry should be covered, preventing it from being waterlogged;
Store the brick, protecting it from the effects of precipitation;
Avoid, if possible, the use of antifreeze additives in the mortar composition. During the period, use other methods of warming up. For example, prepare a solution in small portions for hot water to work it out before freezing;
Work hard, fresh solution. To give it plasticity, you can add a small amount of detergent, liquid soap to it;
If the solution gets on the front surface, it should be removed;
Perform high-quality waterproofing at the junction of the foundation - wall;
After finishing the masonry work, allow the surface to dry well. Then apply a hydrophobic composition.

Efflorescence on a brick is a frequent occurrence and no one is safe from their appearance. By observing the technology of the work performed, applying protective measures, you are able to get away from this trouble.

If efflorescence appears on the brick, then it is recommended to remove them as soon as possible. At the same time, experts strongly recommend that before eliminating them, find out the cause of their formation. Efflorescence on a brick wall may appear due to the movement of salt water through the brick material. If there is water on the wall, then when the brick is heated, it will gradually evaporate. Salt will remain on the surface of the brick with a white coating. Many people think that efflorescence is strictly an aesthetic nuisance. In fact, salt starts destructive processes in the wall, which slowly but surely undermine the foundation of a building or structure. website

Let's see how salt can get inside a brick wall. First, the salt residue could be present in the cement or brick mortar. All kinds of additives are responsible for its appearance, including accelerators and antifreezes. An excess of salt indicates an excess of supplements. Secondly, salt can get through the columns and the foundation, that is, directly from the ground. This may indicate poor waterproofing of the foundation or the junction of the foundation with the wall. Alternatively, salt may indicate poor drainage performance or its complete absence at high ground water Oh. Thirdly, salt can get into the brick wall through precipitation. Salt is present in the rain provided that there is a nearby saline body of water or a plant emitting harmful salt emissions.

How to prevent efflorescence?

To prevent efflorescence from appearing on a brick wall, certain requirements must be observed during its construction.

Do not store brick outdoors on the construction site.
The roof of the house should be erected as soon as possible.
You can not save on the arrangement of foundation waterproofing.
Do not add too many antifreeze and accelerating additives to the masonry mortar.
Use a thick mortar when laying, which should not fall on the front of the wall.
Brick must not be laid in the rain.
If possible, the wall should be protected from rain.
After erection, it is necessary to treat the brick with a special protective compound.

How to remove efflorescence with your own hands?

Removal. Efflorescence on the masonry is recommended to be removed by specialists, but if you do not want to overpay, you can do everything yourself. As for third-party organizations, they, of course, will remove efflorescence at a more professional level, by determining chemical composition and selecting the optimal means for removing and additional protection walls. We will not dwell on this issue in detail. We’d better tell you how to remove efflorescence from a brick with your own hands, using funds from the nearest construction supermarket.

How to deal with efflorescence? Some people try to remove efflorescence with ordinary water, and some really succeed. But water is not suitable for all types of salts. If the use of water did not help to cope with salt deposits, you will have to purchase cleaners that are sold in small quantities. In order not to run to the construction site every half hour, immediately stock up on a small number of different compositions, choosing the tool you need experimentally. In the same way, you will find out the reason for the formation of salt by determining its chemical composition. So, take a cleaner, treat a small infected area with it and evaluate the result. If the purifier coped, then, based on the amount used, calculate the amount of the product that will help you cope with all the contamination. The consumption of the cleaner can be found on the bank, but the seller will tell you the specific information.

Efflorescence cleaners

Cleaning. AT modern means- cleaners can detect acids of inorganic and organic origin, as well as a number of substances with surface activity. All cleaners must be handled with the utmost care, remembering to wear goggles, protective clothing, a respirator and gloves. Substances in cleaners pose a threat to human health.

On the jar with the composition you will find information on the proportion of dilution of the cleaner with water, as well as how to apply the product on the wall. For this, sprayers, rollers, brushes and natural brushes can be used. The duration of the solution on the surface of the brick is 10-30 minutes (indicated in the instructions). After a predetermined time, the solution must be washed off the brick with plain water, using a sprayer or brush for this. Do not use metal objects to clean stubborn dirt, as bricks can get ugly stains. It is enough to use a wooden scraper or a stiff brush.

If the technology we described did not achieve the desired result, then you can use a 2-4% hydrochloric acid solution as a backup. Before applying the solution to a brick wall, it is necessary to moisten the treated area of the wall so that the acid does not have the opportunity to go deep into the brick structure. 5-10 minutes after applying hydrochloric acid, the solution is washed off with ordinary water, but it is recommended to apply it under pressure so that all acid is removed from the surface of the brick wall.

How to protect a brick from efflorescence?

We turn to the issue of prevention and protection of bricks from the formation of efflorescence. Indeed, by eliminating efflorescence, but not eliminating the cause of their formation, you may encounter this problem again after a certain time. To protect the masonry after working with the cleaner, it is necessary to process it with a special water-repellent solution. Similar actions are carried out with new masonry for protective purposes. A water repellent will help form protective layer, penetrating deep into the brick by a centimeter and protecting the masonry for 5-10 years. Then the water repellent solution is applied again.

The water repellent is a prophylactic, not a cleaning agent, so it should only be applied to a cleaned wall. It is recommended to use two water-repellent layers, the first of which is left for 24 hours, and the second is applied on top of the completely dried brick. Having penetrated inside the brick structure, the composition will create a protective film that reliably protects the brick from water.

You can read more about the use of a water repellent here:

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Has your once bright and festive home suddenly lost its look? But what's the matter? Neighboring brick buildings were erected at the same time, but they are standing and pleasing to the eye, but do you have incomprehensible white spots? These are efflorescence on the brick. Unfortunately, removing efflorescence on brickwork is a rather complicated procedure, but the sooner you take it on, the easier it will be to return your home to its former charming look.

What are the causes of efflorescence?

If efflorescence suddenly appeared on the brick, it is recommended to find the cause of their occurrence and remove them as soon as possible. Efflorescence on the facing brick can occur due to the movement of salt water through it. When a brick is heated, if there is water on it, it will slowly evaporate. At the same time, the salt will come out as a white coating. Most often, people think that this is just an aesthetic awkwardness, but in fact it is much more serious. Salt generates some mechanisms of destruction in the wall, which act slowly but surely.

Thus, summing up, I would like to say that the causes of efflorescence can be:

alumina - a material for making bricks;
sand is one of the main components of the solution;
water of natural origin, which contains salts;
natural precipitation;
priming.

How did the salt end up inside the wall?

First, some of the salt could be in solution. Its manifestation is provoked by antifreezes, accelerators and other additives. If the salt appeared, it means that they overdid it with additives.
Secondly, salt could get directly from the ground through the foundation. This may indicate a not very good connection between the foundation and the wall, or unreliable waterproofing. Alternatively, salt can also indicate a lack of drainage or its unreliable operation when high level ground water.
Thirdly, a certain amount of salt could also penetrate the wall through precipitation.

How and how to remove efflorescence from facing bricks?

The question of how to remove efflorescence from a brick should be dealt with by specialists, but if you decide to save money, then you can do all this yourself. True, special organizations would have done all this at a higher level, having determined the composition of efflorescence using chemical analysis, and choosing the right tool to remove and, if possible, additionally protect the wall.

It should be noted that the nature of the appearance of efflorescence is different, since they appear from different types salt. Consequently, the measures to combat them are also different. Some efflorescences are easily removed with the help of the plain water, others - only with the help of special means to remove efflorescence on bricks. But such products also differ from each other and remove only a certain type of salt deposits.

When such a situation arises, it is worth acting experimentally, thus testing a small amount of each product and trying to clean the plaque from the brick with it. By this method you will find the remedy you need and save time and money on the chemical analysis of plaque.

How to determine the amount of cleaner and apply it?

When carrying out work, it is necessary to wear special clothing, a respirator and always gloves, since the cleaner is very harmful to humans. The efflorescence remover is diluted with water, and applied convenient way(brush, roller). The proportion for diluting the product is usually indicated on the packaging.

White stains, a coating of salt crystallizing from the water contained in bricks and concrete mortar, are efflorescence. Bricks easily absorb water, which then moves through the capillaries along with the salts dissolved in it, after which it is very difficult to remove the salt. In conditions of high humidity, when rainwater enters, the bricks collect water, which, when dry weather sets in, moves to the surface and evaporates, leaving efflorescence on the wall.

Elevations must be removed, they accelerate the destruction of walls, causing microcracks inside the brickwork. Over time, they increase, cavities form, which can lead to the destruction of the wall.

Causes of efflorescence

Before removing efflorescence, it is necessary to find out why they were formed, and, if possible, eliminate the causes of their occurrence.

Reasons for the formation of efflorescence on the wall:

a large amount of salt in the cement mortar and bricks;
ingress of salt from the ground with water through the foundation, with insufficient waterproofing of the foundation or lack of drainage and high groundwater;
falling on the walls of rainwater with a high salt content. This may be in areas near chemical plants or in seaside communities.

Compliance with the rules of building technologies when building a house will help prevent the appearance and remove the conditions for the formation of efflorescence. And if the construction is completed, and efflorescence suddenly appeared on the new walls, you will have to take care of how to remove them.

As in any business, to remove efflorescence, you can use the services of specialists. They will conduct a chemical analysis, determine the composition of salts in efflorescences and select the most suitable remedy to remove them. This option may not always be available, for financial or other reasons. In this case, it will be quite possible to remove efflorescence with your own hands. And to make your work easier, you first need to read the reviews on how to remove efflorescence on a brick.

Efflorescence is easier to prevent than to remove later.

If you are planning to start building a house or other object, it is useful to observe the following rules:

Remove and protect the brick from rain and snow during storage;
During the construction process, be sure to take care of high-quality waterproofing of the foundation;
Try not to leave the erected walls to winter without a roof;
Do not lay brickwork in the rain, try to remove an already laid wall under a protective film from precipitation;
Do not overdo it with additives of accelerators, antifreeze agents, their amount should not exceed the recommended norms;
Do not soak bricks in water before laying, do not use too liquid mortar, try to quickly remove the mortar that has fallen on the front of the wall;
After the masonry has dried, treat the brick wall to protect it from moisture with special water-repellent agents.

Before deciding how to remove efflorescence, it will be useful to obtain information about their chemical nature and the properties of the salts that form them. Efflorescence can form both highly soluble salts and sparingly soluble ones.

The chemical nature of efflorescence

Highly soluble chlorides and sulfates, as well as potassium and sodium salts, are well soluble. Poorly soluble are carbonates, except for potassium and sodium, calcium, aluminum, iron phosphates, barium sulfate, calcium silicate.

Salts that are soluble in water can be removed with plain water with minimal effort. More often, efflorescences are formed by sparingly soluble compounds, and in order to remove them, you will have to use special chemical cleaners.

Since we do not know which salts have ruined the beauty of our walls, and chemical analysis is not included in our plans, we will have to act by elimination. Fortunately, in building supermarkets, you can now easily purchase products to remove efflorescence on bricks. For testing, it is better to purchase several options in the smallest packaging, suitable for dissolving various salts, after consulting with the seller. Then apply to separate sections of the wall, first read the instructions for use.

The procedure for processing walls

Usually, there are no difficulties in using the cleaner. Before starting work, it must be diluted with water according to the manufacturer's instructions, then applied to problem areas of the wall (you can use a brush or roller), kept on the surface for 30 minutes and washed off with water, preferably under pressure.

Then we examine the treated areas and determine which cleaner allows you to better remove plaque. We calculate the required amount to remove efflorescence on the entire affected surface. When working with the efflorescence cleaner, be sure to use goggles and rubber gloves, if the product gets on unprotected skin, rinse immediately with clean water so that there is no chemical burn.

To consolidate the result, it is necessary to treat the walls with a special impregnation (water repellent) in order to remove the basis for the re-formation of efflorescence. This must be done as soon as the cleaned brickwork dries (and even better - as soon as the cement mortar newly built house, so as not to spend money and effort on the fight against efflorescence).

Compositions for removing efflorescence

Silicone water repellents are considered the best option. After treatment with these compounds, a protective silicone film is formed on the surface of the wall, which does not allow liquid to penetrate into the masonry. At the same time, the advantage of silicone water repellents is that they do not impede gas exchange and allow the walls to breathe. This treatment reduces the pollution of the facade, allows you to remove the conditions for the spread of fungus and mold on the walls.

Manufacturers promise protection against efflorescence for up to 10 years after treatment with a water repellent. It is necessary to repeat the application of water repellents if the walls become wet after falling raindrops. It may be needed 5-6 years after the first application.

The surface is treated until absorption stops, then it will not be possible to apply a second layer, since the liquid will roll down the wall without sticking or being absorbed.

Before application, the water repellent must be diluted with water to the required concentration, following the instructions. It is not necessary to remove repeated plaque by increasing the concentration. You will get the opposite effect protective properties water repellent will decrease. This is due to the physicochemical features of the structure of the molecules of this substance.

How to remove efflorescence from facing bricks

Poor solubility in water and an alkaline base upon drying give numerous tiny crystals that have grown from the components of the solution. The most beautiful facing brick with a fiery red tint and a high content of iron oxide can have a large amount of contamination with sulfate salts of calcium and magnesium.

Among the many tips on how to remove efflorescence on a brick, the most common are of this kind:

Treat with acetic acid, thereby obtaining a readily soluble plaque that is well washed off with water;
Mechanically, with detergents, brushes and a large number demineralized water;
Weak solutions of phosphoric acid;
Super-products of branded production for removing efflorescence, including the use of trilon-chelaton III.

The effectiveness of the latter compound is beyond doubt, it is an industrial tool for removing insoluble salts from boilers of steam and heat generating installations. Trilon very quickly turns hard, insoluble efflorescences into an easily soluble salt, and is washed off with very hot water 10-15 minutes after treatment.

A white crystalline precipitate protruding on the brickwork, which appeared once, remains on the wall. It will spoil the appearance of the structure and gradually destroy the surface. The area where efflorescence has appeared is subjected to high stress. This leads to the fact that over time, chips form on the masonry, which resemble scales in their appearance.

The nature of the origin of efflorescence

White plaque is a consequence of the crystallization of salts. The water-soluble salts contained in the solution and the structural building material (brick) are “evaporated”. When evaporating, they not only dissolve, but “bring” salt to the surface, which crystallizes into untidy white spots.

Brick and mortar are not the only sources of salts. They can get into the masonry both from precipitation and from the ground. After rainy weather open places moisture comes out, and, consequently, plaque also comes out. Both new and old masonry can “salt”. Vysoly can cover only certain areas or the entire surface of the wall.

Vysoly - this is not a sentence

This unpleasant and destructive phenomenon for brickwork does not appear by itself. This is preceded by certain prerequisites. The formation of white plaque signals that it is necessary to check the places through which moisture penetrates. These are cornices, drains, roofs, window sills. This also applies to the state of waterproofing.

You can get rid of efflorescence until the areas affected by them become chipped. Prevention - prevention of salt crystallization - will become even more effective. To do this, you need to know exactly what causes this process to take place.

Efflorescence on new brickwork

Humidity is considered the decisive factor in the manifestation of "whitening" on the walls. Consequently, after heavy precipitation in the form of heavy rains, especially in regions where they last almost the entire season, they will appear in the new building and then “go down”.

The repetition of this cycle can occur within a few months, a year or years. Primary efflorescence, if any, should be reduced on new brickwork. This is manifested by the fact that at first whitening appears on a large area, disappears, and, forming again, becomes smaller.

Efflorescence should completely disappear in the third year after the construction of the building. When this does not happen, the reasons may be different.

Ways of penetration of moisture

In order for salt deposits to come to the surface, water must be present in the masonry structure. It acts as a solvent and transport medium. Most often it is groundwater. They penetrate the wall and go out through the "migration" channels.

The denser the material, the more difficult it is for water to “break through” out. Therefore, if the masonry is made not only in compliance with all technologies, but also with a minimum amount of moisture, then groundwater will simply evaporate before reaching the surface. Thus, no whitening will form on the outside of the brick wall.

What are the causes of efflorescence?

White salt spots on masonry appear in different ways and can be:

in the form of soluble and insoluble salt crystals;
cover the masonry with a thin layer of dusty and soft deposits when in contact;
appear as thick and hard deposits.

Such a "classification" allows you to clearly define the methods of dealing with emerging limescale. This applies to situations where they already exist, and measures must be taken to eliminate them. To promote the formation of deposits can be both independent of the human factor and dependent on it causes.

Causes independent of man

Efflorescence can form regardless of the measures taken. preventive measures. Their appearance contributes to:

Alumina. This raw material for the production of ceramic bricks makes the structure porous, contributing to the absorption of moisture, dissolving salts, which, when evaporated, remain on the outside of the masonry.
Natural source of water. If it is rich in salts, then deposits on the surface of a brick wall are almost impossible to avoid.
Sand. This component of the mortar used when making brickwork must be flushed. AT pure form he is able to “saturate” it with salt.
Gravel. Like sand, it requires processing before use.
Priming. A high content of groundwater is not a prerequisite only if it does not affect the site allotted for construction.
Rainfall in any form. They are able to tolerate many aggressive substances. It is practically impossible to resist them if a chemical enterprise is located near the settlement.

Human factor

The use of low-quality material and the violation of technology are also the cause of salt crystallization, followed by seepage to the masonry surface. These factors include such as:

Failure to comply with the proportions of the working solution. If there is an excess ratio of antifreeze additives or water in the mixture, efflorescence will definitely appear.
Poor quality brick. This refers to the use of material with a high content of limestone, produced using additives that allow firing at lower temperatures.
working solution. If the composition is cement-sand or lime.
Waterproofing. Improperly executed, it allows moisture to penetrate into the masonry structure.
Brick soaking. The more moisture is absorbed, the higher the amount of dissolved salts that are invariably present in the brick. And if you place the material in water, it will be impossible to avoid efflorescence.
Lack of protection from snow and rain. Neglect of protection leads to the fact that moisture will freely enter the masonry.

It is necessary to carry out laying using both a properly prepared mortar and high-quality bricks.

The quality of the working solution

Efflorescence is formed when the formula of the masonry mixture is violated in the ratio of water and cement, that is, there is an excess of proportions. A similar effect is given by the lack of a binder, which is cement. This leads to an increase in porosity and increases the water resistance of joints in brickwork.

Deposits may also appear when total absence aggregate control, as well as poor mixing. Another negative factor is the preparation of a solution in which the content of foreign salts is high. This is facilitated by the use of highly chlorinated water. A long drying time or, conversely, a fast one also contributes to the appearance of salt on the surface of the masonry.

White spots can appear not only due to the use of poor-quality masonry mixture, but also due to violations when filling the seam. Two factors play a role here: filling the joints after precipitation, without waiting for complete drying; absence good care when the seams have the wrong profile.

Brick testing for salting out

The quality of the constructive building material, first of all, depends on the conscientiousness of the manufacturer. If you buy material from the manufacturer for the first time or not on the recommendation of any of the knowledgeable professionals, there is no guarantee that it will be of high quality.

In order not to become the owner of a building with “salted” walls, it is better to first purchase a trial image to check for salting out. Brick testing is carried out in distilled water. The material is immersed in it for a week. This period is enough for the water to come out through the capillaries and evaporate. The soluble salts present will then settle on the surface.

Salt can also get into high-quality bricks produced in compliance with all technologies. This is due to improper storage. If it is not in a dry place, it will inevitably absorb salt-containing moisture from the soil. Therefore, the test is carried out not only with new party material, but also the one that was "expecting" the start of construction work.

How to get rid of deposits?

Fine lime deposits gradually disappear under the influence of winds and rains. They are almost invisible and do not spoil the appearance of the building. This type of efflorescence is present on almost all new brickwork and is temporary.

Thick deposits require outside intervention. They are removed mechanically or chemically. The first method involves the use of a rigid metal brush, and the second - profile compositions. The use of salt and acetic acid not recommended as it may cause recurrence of efflorescence.

Easily soluble white spots are washed off with plain water. Sparingly soluble, respectively, do not lend themselves to such processing. Special preparations for cleaning help get rid of them. They are mainly produced on the basis of various acids.

Measures to eliminate the causes of efflorescence

Prevention of salt deposition on brickwork are:

carrying out work in good weather;
implementation of horizontal waterproofing cutting off the foundation;
the use of mixtures with an additive that prevents the formation of efflorescence;
use of purified aggregates and clean water;
good mechanical mixing of the working solution.

The erected wall must be protected with water repellents. To minimize the impact of precipitation on the masonry, it is recommended to immediately build a roof and equip drainage systems.