Distance between pumps on the same foundation. Installation of pumping stations in buildings
Layout of pumping units in pumping station depends on the number of pumps, their type, the depth of the machine room and are discussed in the following sections for specific pumping stations. However, there are general principles location of units and pipelines: the width of the passages between the protruding parts of the pumps is taken at least 1 m, between the units and the wall - 1 m (in buried stations - 0.7 m), between the protruding parts of the pumping units and pipelines - 0.7 m, between pipelines - 0.7 m.
The layout of the machine room is carried out in the following sequence:
1. The layout of pumping units is selected, some of which are described below in the relevant sections. Reserve units are located on general rules with workers. It is convenient to use symmetrical layouts of pumps and pipelines.
2. A scheme is drawn up for tracing intra-station pipelines: suction and pressure conduits, collectors, suction and pressure pipelines of pumps.
3. The diameters of all intra-station pipelines are determined according to the highest flow rate for each section. To determine this cost, all possible options operating modes of pumps, including standby ones.
4. The locations of the fittings and fittings are outlined, then their dimensions are found according to, or adj. 6.
5. Starting from the outermost pump, a wiring diagram of the pipelines connected to it is drawn up to scale. Mounting inserts are not initially installed on these pipelines. Observing the minimum distances between units and pipelines, a wiring diagram for other pumps is built. For pumps of different brands, the length of the pipelines will be different. In order for the connecting manifolds to be located on the same axis, mounting inserts are installed on some pipelines in accordance with Fig. 3.1.
Rice. 3.1. Scheme of mutual arrangement of pumps and pipelines in the engine room: 1 - pumping unit; 2, 5, 9 - transition; 3, 6 - mounting insert: 4 - elbow; 7 - check valve; 8 - valve; 10 - tee; 11 - pressure manifold; 12 - underground channel
6. Leaving the necessary minimum distances between pumps, pipelines and walls (see above), approximately determine the dimensions of the machine room. At the same time, the position of the mounting site, the location of auxiliary equipment, for example, a vacuum pump, a drainage pump, etc., is outlined. If auxiliary premises are located in the same building as the machine room, their area should be taken into account. Received minimum dimensions the pumping station should be linked to the modular system of industrial building structures described in sec. 3.5. If the dimensions of the pumping station, taking into account the modular system, turn out to be larger in width or length than the approximate ones, the space between the pumps should be increased, which creates ease of operation. In this case, mounting inserts on pipelines are used.
When finalizing the size of the pumping station, it is necessary to take into account the mutual placement of pipelines and structural elements buildings, for example, columns (Fig. 3.2).
Rice. 3.2. Scheme for determining the size of the machine room, taking into account the placement of pumping equipment and a grid of columns
7. The floor marks of the machine room are linked and auxiliary premises. If necessary, stairs, passages, platforms are arranged. To ensure passage to any part of the machine room, transitions through pipelines are provided. Near gate valves with high flywheels, service platforms are provided at a convenient height.
Believe me a private house can be equipped with such a high level of comfort that it will become much more convenient to live in it than in a city apartment. In any case, the water supply can be used with no less convenience. In the same way, to get water, you just need to open a tap, which is not yet very compatible with suburban infrastructure, do you agree?
But this is not a “rainbow” dream at all. To implement the idea, it is enough to include a pumping station in the water supply scheme. She will do a colossal amount of hard physical work for the owners. True, for its competent connection and operation, you need to know the equipment device well.
We offer you valuable information about the specifics of the use of this technique. Our article will help you understand the principle of operation of the pumping station and introduce you to the installation rules. The information presented by us is complemented by extremely clear diagrams, photo collections and video guides.
The location of pumping units and pipelines in the building of the pumping station should ensure the reliability of the operation of the main and auxiliary equipment, as well as the convenience, simplicity and safety of its maintenance. The equipment is usually assembled based on the minimum length of intra-station communications and taking into account the possibility of expanding the station in the future.
The layout of the units in the building of the pumping station is entirely determined by the type, size and number of main pumps, as well as the shape of the machine building in the plan.
Applies to horizontal shaft centrifugal pumps installed in a machine building rectangular shape, the following main arrangements of units are most widely used:
a) single-row arrangement of units parallel to the longitudinal axis of the station;
b) single-row arrangement of units perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the station;
c) single-row arrangement of units at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the station;
d) two-row arrangement of units;
e) two-row arrangement of units in a checkerboard pattern.
The advantages of a single-row arrangement of units parallel to the longitudinal axis of the station are the compactness of the equipment and the small width of the machine building. This scheme is especially beneficial when using double-sided pumps, in which the suction and pressure lines are located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the pump. The disadvantage is the large length of the building of the pumping station, so the use of this scheme is advisable with a small number of units.
The advantages of the second scheme of single-row arrangement of units include: compactness of equipment placement, as in the first scheme, and a significantly shorter length of the machine building. This scheme has particular advantages when using cantilever pumps, in which the suction line comes to the end of the pump. However, the width of the machine building of the pumping station with such an arrangement slightly increases.
With a single-row arrangement of pumping units at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the station building, to a certain extent, the advantages of the first two schemes are combined. Due to a small increase in the length of the building compared to the second scheme, its width can be significantly reduced.
The scheme of two-row arrangement of units is used with a large number of units for various purposes and therefore different sizes. With this arrangement of the units, the span of the building increases significantly and the communication of pipelines becomes more complicated.
A checkerboard two-row arrangement of units is used for a large number of large units. The placement of intra-station pipelines according to this scheme is more compact than according to the previous one. In addition, the area of the machine room is significantly reduced if the electric motors in one row are installed on one side of the pumps, and in the other - on the other side, which is possible only with different directions of rotation of the pumps.
For vertical centrifugal pumps typical single-row arrangement of units along the longitudinal axis of the station building. If there are a large number of fittings on the pressure pipelines, it is possible to slightly reduce the width of the building by connecting them obliquely to a prefabricated manifold or to external pressure conduits.
Powerful pumping station equipped with high flow vertical pumps (Q = 5 m3/s) installed in two rows, which makes it possible to reduce the length of the station building; connection of two pumps to one suction line greatly simplifies the scheme of intra-station communications and the design of the water intake. Such a solution may be economically feasible with a large number of units.
Axial pumps, due to the specifics of their design and the large dimensions of the flow path, are installed regardless of the location of the shaft (horizontal, inclined or vertical), as a rule, in one row along the water intake front.
In any scheme, the location of pumping units in the building of the pumping station should ensure their complete safety and ease of maintenance, as well as the possibility of mounting and disassembling pumps and electric motors.
The passage between the units is taken at least 1 m when installing electric motors with voltage up to 1000 V and not less than 1.2 m when installing electric motors of a higher voltage. In all cases, the distance between the fixed protruding parts of the equipment must be at least 0.7 m. The distance from the long sides of the foundation plates of the pumping units to the walls must be at least 1 m. dismantling extends outward in the direction of the pump axis, should be installed at a distance from walls or other units of at least the length of the pump shaft plus 0.25 m (but not less than 0.8 m). The same distance must be set for the convenience of dismantling electric motors with a horizontal shaft. The passage between the units and the electrical switchboard must be at least 2 m.
In buildings of pumping stations equipped with small pumps with electric motors up to 1000 V and a discharge pipe diameter up to 100 mm inclusive, it is allowed to install the units directly against the walls, as well as to install two units on the same foundation without a passage between them, but with a passage around them not wide less than 0.7 m.
Auxiliary pumps (drainage, drainage, vacuum pumps) are usually located in free places in the machine room in such a way that this does not cause an increase in the size of the building. For such pumps, the passage can be left only on one side. Vacuum pumps, due to their small size and frequency of operation, can even be installed on brackets on the walls of the engine room.
Boards and control panels for pumping units and valves are usually located on balconies or on platforms along the walls.
The dimensions of the station's machine building in terms of plan are determined after selecting the layout of the pumping units and the layout of the intra-station pipelines, taking into account the recommended distances between the walls of buildings and equipment elements.
Thus, the width of the machine building is the sum of the lengths of the sections of pipelines, fittings and fittings on the suction and pressure lines of the pump, as well as the transverse dimension of the pump itself. The length of a rectangular machine building is determined by the passages between the end walls and units, the longitudinal size of the units themselves and the distances between them.
When determining the dimensions of the machine building of a pumping station equipped with vertical pumps, one should not forget that there is a hall of electric motors above the pumping room, the dimensions of which are determined by the dimensions of the motors and the distance between them, the location of hatches in the floor of the hall, the placement of electrical equipment and the dimensions of the crane. Therefore, the linear dimensions of the underground part must be linked with the linear dimensions of the upper room.
In the buildings of pumping stations equipped with large pumping units, a place should be provided for the so-called assembly site, where pumps and electric motors are repaired. The mounting platform is usually arranged at the end of the building at ground level. The dimensions of the site in the plan are determined by the dimensions of the pumps, electric motors and Vehicle, as well as the distance of the maximum approach of the hook of the lifting mechanism to the side and end walls of the building. A passage of at least 0.7 m wide must be left around the equipment and vehicles located on the installation site.
The height of the machine building of the pumping station is the sum of the heights of the underground part and the upper structure.
The height of the underground part of the building of a buried pumping station depends mainly on the location of the pump impeller in relation to the minimum water level in the source or in the water intake chamber, which, in turn, is determined by the allowable geometric suction head or the required backwater.
It should be said that powerful drive motors of vertical pumps of types B, O and OP are always installed above the maximum water level in the source or in the water intake chamber to prevent their flooding in case of accidents. This circumstance often leads to the need to construct an underwater part of a high-altitude machine building.
The height of the topside structure, not equipped with lifting mechanisms, in buildings of pumping stations of an unburied type must be at least 3 m. In station buildings equipped with stationary lifting mechanisms, the height of the topside structure is determined by calculation.
If the cargo (pump, electric motor, etc.) is delivered directly to the installation site of the pumping station, then in order to be able to load and unload it, the height of the superstructure, calculated according to the formulas and, must be increased by the height from the floor to the cargo platform.
The final dimensions of the machine building of the pumping station, both in terms of plan and in height, are established by technical and economic calculations and are necessarily linked to the unified dimensions of the structures. industrial premises provided by SNiP.
1. Scope of centrifugal pumps in terms of suction height
The suction height of a centrifugal pump practically does not exceed 7-7.5 m, and the pump axis cannot be located above the level of the raised water by more than 7.5 m minus the losses in the suction pipe. This determines the scope of horizontal centrifugal pumps in wells. They can be used where the dynamic water level does not fall below 7 m from the pump axis.
A serviceable pump with a hermetically sealed suction pipe can lift water from a depth of 8 m or even more, but at the same time its operation becomes already unprofitable; possible leaks in the pipeline also require a reduction in suction. The dependence of suction height on water temperature is shown in fig. 102.
For connection to the pump hot water with a temperature of 70 ° or more, an excess pressure of 0.5 to 3 m is already required. Under the working horizon, one must understand the horizon to which the water level in the mine and drilling wells is allowed to flow when the calculated amount of water is supplied by the pump. If water is taken from the river, then the water level in the coastal well will be lower than in the river, due to the loss of pressure in the gravity siphon pipe.
A pump for lifting water from a well or a shaft well can be installed not only on the surface of the earth, but also below the surface - in an underground chamber, however, the practically permissible deepening of the chamber is 5-7 m. ground water and its equipment is expensive. With artesian and soil wells, it is necessary to take into account not only the existing this moment water level, but it is also necessary to consider the possibility of lowering the static level in the future.
With particularly intensive exploitation of boreholes, the static water level usually begins to decrease. In practice, there are examples when the water level in shallow and chalk wells dropped by 30-40 m over 40 years of operation and it was necessary to redo the old pumping units designed for more high level water. In those cases when the water level in shallow wells was above the surface of the earth, and in chalk wells - almost on the surface, the wells were equipped with horizontal pumps, usually installed in underground chambers.
With this arrangement, the pumps were always filled with water, not only during operation, but also during shutdown, since the static water level was higher than the pump. This arrangement is very favorable for starting the pump. Only for small pumps, a suction head limit of 7-7.5 m is possible. The larger the pump and the higher the speed, the lower the suction head must be in order to avoid cavitation (see section I, chapter IV, § 13). The sometimes used regulation of the pump by a valve on the suction pipe also causes cavitation, since this is tantamount to an increase in suction height. Therefore, this method of regulation is prohibited.
The highest rotational speed allowed for a pump without cavitation and noise is determined by the pump capacity and suction and discharge height. The suction lift is specified in the pump catalogues. When taking water from open reservoirs, fluctuations in the water level have to be taken into account.
For uninterrupted operation of the station, the pumps should be located in such a way that their axes are not higher than the permissible suction height, taking into account the pressure loss due to friction in the pipe at the lowest water level in the river. Therefore, coastal stations are usually built in the form of deep watertight chambers - concrete or reinforced concrete - with reliable isolation from water.
It should be noted that the lowest levels in the river continue to decrease over time due to bottom erosion in the upper and middle reaches of the river. Suction lift is limited not only by cavitation, but also by a decrease in flow when passing through the maximum suction lift for a given pump. The large vacuum created by an excessive suction height causes air to leak through the stuffing boxes of the valves located on the suction conduits, and also increases the release of air dissolved in it from the water.
Experiments have shown that when air is admitted in an amount of up to 1.5% into a hermetically sealed suction pipe with a diameter of 100 mm, the decrease in pump flow is directly proportional to the volume of inlet air. When more air was admitted, the flow rate of the pump fell rapidly and at 4% it decreased by 40%.
2. Location of the suction funnels in the suction well
The funnels of the suction pipes should be located at such a height above the bottom that the access of water to them is not hindered, and at the same time they should be located as low as possible in order to make full use of the volume of the well. Based on experience in the operation of water intake facilities, the recommended minimum distance of the socket from the bottom is half the diameter of the socket. And the distance between the axes of adjacent suction pipes must be at least two socket diameters (Fig. 103a). The distance from the wall to the axis of the suction pipe is at least D. With such distances, the possibility of the formation of air vortices is reduced. However, to eliminate them, it is necessary that the ends of the suction funnels be below the water level by the value S indicated for different speeds in the suction pipes in the diagram in Fig. 103a.
At a lower water level, air funnels can be successfully dealt with by means of floating flaps. Vertical star baffles around pipes are also recommended. The funnel diameter of the suction pipe is larger than the diameter of the suction pipe by about 1.3 times.
3. Prevention of air in the pump and piping. plungers
Above, it was indicated how to protect the pump from drawing air through the suction funnel. Air can be sucked in through slots in the suction pipes. These gaps can only appear when the suction lines are laid carelessly and can be easily eliminated.
Air can pass through the glands of the pumps on the suction side of the shaft, as well as through the glands of the gate valves on the suction pipes. The air tightness of the stuffing boxes is achieved by supplying pressure water to them, in this case, instead of air, water is sucked into the stuffing box. Pumps are usually manufactured with hydraulic seals. Gate valves, when installed on suction pipes, must be specially equipped with a device for connecting pressure pipes from the conduit to the stuffing box.
If these measures are taken, then no atmospheric air will enter the pump or the pressure conduit, which means that there is no need to install air vents at high turning points of the pressure conduit. Instead of plungers, air valves are needed in these places to release air from the conduit during its filling and let air in during its emptying. The diameter of the valve is determined by the volume of the conduit and the scheduled time for its filling or emptying. At high speeds of air outlet, a strong rumble is obtained.
A study of five pressure conduits, conducted by V. M. Papin and V. I. Vodolazhsky (Ukrvodgeo) in the Donbass, showed that the plungers installed on them are inactive, since there is no air in the pipes. Vacuum plungers (Fig. 1036) are used to automatically admit large quantities of air during the emptying of the pipe, or better to call them vacuum valves, in contrast to ordinary plungers. When filling the conduit, the air exits through the vacuum valve, which opens several times due to the wave movement in the conduit and the mixing of water with air.
Employees of the Kharkov and Kyiv water pipelines replaced the previously used valves on critical hills with vacuum valves of their own design. Air can be sucked into the conduit during its emptying - complete or partial. In case of insufficient water supply, the upper sections water supply network can be emptied and suck air through leaks.
During the subsequent filling of the network, the air dissolves in the water. When the tap is opened at this time, the water first flows clear, then it turns white due to the mass of air bubbles, the bubbles are quickly released, and the water becomes clear again. Such a process occurs in the upper parts of the Kharkov water supply network.
4. Location of units in the pumping station
When locating pumps and motors, the following considerations should be taken into account:
1) The distance between the pump units must be such that it is convenient to service the pump and the motor. Depending on the size of the units and pipelines, the gaps between the units can vary from about 1 to 4-5 m. The distance from the walls of the building should also provide free access to the pump; it is taken at least 1.25 m.
2) The issue of assembling and disassembling machines must be generally considered when arranging the machines themselves, equipping them with pipes, etc. With the old type of pump, it is possible to extract the shaft with the impeller only in a horizontal direction along the axis of the pump, therefore, free space must be provided near each pump for shaft recesses, otherwise, during disassembly, the entire pump would have to be removed and transferred to another location.
Currently, pumps with a horizontally split casing, in which the shaft is removed through the top, are widely used.
3) The rotors of the electric motor removed for inspection and minor repairs are usually placed on goats in the building of the pumping station. To this end, the station building has to be slightly enlarged to form an assembly site.
4) In conditions of limited space in underground mine drainage galleries, pumps and motors are located close to the wall, so that access to them is provided only from one side. With a large number of pumps, they are located along both walls, leaving a passage in the middle.
5. Ground stations
If the station is located so that its floor is almost at ground level, then there is no reason to place pumps and other equipment too closely together, since the cost of building a building is low. The distance between the units must not be less than the width of the unit. For high voltage motors, the distances should be taken somewhat longer.
The distance between the units depends on the location of the pipelines; if the pipelines clog the passages, it will be necessary to increase the width of the passages, the gaps between the units and the distance to the building wall. One of the passages between the units and the wall should be made wider to use it as a mounting platform when assembling and repairing engines.
Cars small size(vacuum pumps and pumps for pumping water from the station building) can be installed directly against the wall, since in this arrangement they allow convenient maintenance. Sometimes they are mounted on wall brackets. Electrical equipment in small and medium-sized stations at low voltage, it is usually located in the machine room, where a special place is allocated for it.
At large stations, electrical equipment requires special premises, and transformer chambers, due to their flammability (oil explosion), are often placed in a separate building. The electrical equipment of pumping stations is described in the fourth section. When designing pumping stations, after selecting the capacity and the number of units according to the catalogs, they begin to determine the dimensions of the most suitable pumps and motors. Then the contours of the units are applied to the drawing, the suction and discharge pipes are drawn, after which the dimensions of the building are finally set, which can be outlined in advance.
Figure 104 shows the arrangement of pumps with motors in one row and two rows in a checkerboard pattern. The wider the building, the heavier and more expensive the ceiling and overhead crane; therefore, stations are usually oblong in shape. On fig. 105 shows a plan of a large pumping station. There are 22 pumps here, which make up five separate groups: three groups serve three shops (blast furnace, open-hearth and gas cleaning) and two extreme groups - four pumps each - spray pools.
In the middle three groups, small units consist of a pump with an electric motor, larger units - of a pump and two motors - an electric and a steam turbine, which serves as a reserve in case of a power outage.
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The layout of the equipment should provide convenient and safe maintenance of this equipment with the minimum dimensions of the room. The following schemes for placing pumping units in the engine room are used (Fig. 4.71, a -G):
single-row with the arrangement of the axis of the units parallel to the longitudinal axis of the building;
single-row with the direction of the axis of the units, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the building;
double row chess;
double row symmetrical.
Rice. 4.71. Layouts of pumping units
in the engine room
The first scheme allows you to reduce the transverse dimensions of the building; at the same time it increases its length. This scheme is expedient for a small number of large units (with pumps of the type D, SE, etc.). The second scheme makes it possible to reduce the length of the building. This scheme is the most common; recommended for an increased number of large units and when installing cantilever type pumps (type K).
In the case of a large number of large units, schemes with a two-row staggered or symmetrical arrangement of these units are used.
Make-up and drainage pumps are recommended to be located in free areas of the machine room so that they do not increase the dimensions of the room.
In the case of pumping units with electric motors up to 1000 V with a discharge pipe diameter of up to 100 mm, it is allowed to install two units on a common foundation without a passage between them, as well as placing the unit against a wall without a passage between the wall and the unit.
For the installation and repair of pumping units, auxiliary equipment, pipelines and fittings, an installation site is provided in the machine room. When determining its dimensions, the dimensions of the largest of the pumping units, the dimensions of the transport for transporting cargo, the width of the passage around the unit or transport located on the installation site (at least 0.7 m), the possibility of approaching the hook of the lifting device to the unloaded equipment are taken into account.
Rice. 4.72. Determination of the minimum height of the pumping station:
H n - height of the pumping station; H mouth - the height of the installed equipment; Well - the distance from the bottom of the transported node to the point of attachment of the slings (or to the top of the node); H c - vertical projection of the length of the lines; H to - the height from the hook to the bottom of the building structure of the floor; H kr - crane height; h p - height of crane rails; h str - the distance from the top of the crane rails to the bottom of the floor building structures; h 3 - gap between the installed equipment and the transported unit
The height of the above-ground part of the turbine hall (Fig. 4.72) is determined taking into account the height of the platform of vehicles for transporting equipment and largest sizes assembled transport unit (pump unit, pump or electric motor). In this case, the length of the slings (at least 0.5 - 1 m), the transport conditions of the moved unit (above the floor or above the installed equipment) should be taken into account.
The minimum distance from the moving unit to the floor or installed equipment is recommended to be at least 0.3 - 0.5 m. The distance from the hook of the lifting device to the bottom of the crane beam should also be taken into account.
The above-ground part of the engine room is made at least 3 m high.
The dimensions of the household premises of the pumping station are taken in accordance with SNiP II-92-76 "Auxiliary buildings and premises of industrial enterprises".
The dimensions of the gate (or door) for the entry of vehicles are determined by the largest overall dimensions equipment or transport. The minimum width of the gates (doors) for the exit of vehicles is 2 m.
Mounting openings are provided for the installation of large blocks in the walls or in the ceilings of the pumping station. Mounting openings are made in the end wall, from the side of the possible expansion of the pumping station. The dimensions of the mounting openings are determined by the dimensions of the largest of the blocks (assemblies) of equipment and pipelines.
An example of the layout of a booster pumping station is shown in fig. 4.73.
Rice. 4.73. An example of the layout of a booster pumping station:
a - engine room; 6 - switchgear room; in- transformer; G- bathroom; 1 - booster pump; 2 - booster pump electric motor; 3 - make-up pump; 4 - feed pump electric motor; 5 - sump; 6 - suspended single-girder crane; 7 - control panel; 8 - pump house assembly; 9 - power supply cabinet for control circuits; 10 - make-up pump control cabinet; 11 - KRU cabinet; 12 - power transformer; 13 – capacitor unit
Pipeline connections are welded. Flanged connections are used at the points of connection of pipelines to pumps and flanged fittings.
The location of pipelines in the pumping station should provide free access to equipment and fittings, ease of maintenance and repair.
When laying pipelines above the floor surface, to enable passage over the pipelines, catwalks are provided.
Laying in underground channels is used in cases where the placement of pipelines above the floor causes great complications.
When laying above the floor and in the channels, the movable supports of the pipelines must be installed on reinforced concrete support pads.
The placement of movable and fixed supports should be carried out taking into account the need to unload the pumps from the forces arising from temperature deformations of pipelines, as well as from weight loads.
At the points of connection of pipelines to pumps (with pipeline diameters exceeding the diameters of the pump nozzles), transition pipes should be provided to ensure a smooth change in water velocity.
Length L transition pipes are recommended to be taken equal to
L = a(D1 - D2 ), (4.14)
where D 1 - pipeline diameter; D2 - pump nozzle diameter; a - constant coefficient, a = 5 ÷ 6 .
The nozzles must be installed in such a way as to prevent the formation of air pockets.
All pipelines of network water in the building of the pumping station are isolated. In this case, the temperature on the surface of the insulation should not exceed 45°.
Drainage valves are installed at the lower points of the pipelines, and valves for air release are installed at the upper points.
The fittings should be located in places convenient for maintenance. When placing reinforcement at a height of 1.4 m or more from the floor, platforms and bridges should be provided.
When designing platforms and bridges, the height above the floor of manual and electric drives of valves and other fittings should be taken into account.
All gate valves with a diameter of 500 mm and above must be electrically operated. In the case of remote control of shut-off valves, an electric actuator should be installed on this valve, regardless of its diameter.
For the use of industrial methods for the manufacture of pipelines at a plant or in procurement workshops, it is necessary to provide for the breakdown of pipelines into separate units (blocks).
Breakdown of pipelines into blocks is carried out taking into account the dimensions of the platform of railway or road transport; maximum mass of cargo moved by lifting and transport equipment of pumping stations; installation dimensions and doorways; the need to ensure sufficient rigidity of the block structure; conditions for performing welding work in the places where the blocks are joined.
To carry out the installation of equipment, fittings and pipelines after the erection of building structures and carrying out repair work, lifting and transport equipment is installed at pumping pumping stations.
When choosing handling equipment, the maximum weight of the installed equipment (pump, electric motor) or the weight of the unit in the assembled state is taken into account, depending on the terms of delivery. It should also take into account the possibility of increasing the weight of the cargo in case of replacing the installed equipment with a more powerful one.
With a machine room length of up to 18 m and lifting a load to a height of up to 6 m, the following types of manual handling equipment are recommended: with a load weight of up to 1 t - a fixed beam with crampons or an overhead single-girder crane; with a cargo weight of up to 5 tons - an overhead single-girder crane; with a cargo weight of more than 5 tons - an overhead crane.
In cases where the length of the machine room exceeds 18 m and the height is more than 6 m, electrically driven handling equipment should be used.
Portable tripods with hoists can also be used for mounting equipment weighing up to 500 kg.
