Respiratory allergy symptoms. Respiratory allergies are a dangerous disease.

Respiratory allergy is a disease that is caused by various substances and is characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the respiratory system. Allergic diseases are a big problem in modern society. Approximately 15-27% of the population suffers from this pathology. The share of the defeat of the respiratory system accounts for a third of all diseases. For the most part, they are not severe, but they bring significant inconvenience in social life, study, professional activity and financial costs.

Allergic pathology of the respiratory system includes allergic rhinitis, hay fever and bronchial asthma. Often these diseases are combined, which served as their association under the name - respiratory allergy.

Causes of respiratory allergies are various substances. They can be divided into several groups:

Household irritants - mites in house dust, dander and saliva of animals, insects, house plants, feathers and fluff in pillows.
Natural allergens - plant pollen, mold fungi.
Substances that pollute the environment - tobacco smoke, traffic fumes cars, oxides of nitrogen and sulfur.
Professional pollutants - latex, chemicals used in production.
Medications - non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin.

Respiratory Allergy Symptoms

Respiratory allergies downstream happens seasonal and year-round. Seasonal is characterized by periods of exacerbations and remissions. Exacerbations have a clear beginning and end. Most often this is the spring-summer period - the flowering period. This form is characterized by a cross-allergic reaction to herbal products- nuts, honey, seeds, halva.

Year-round is characterized by a more constant course and is more often associated with domestic allergens. Minor remissions are noted when staying outside the home. Some seasonality is also characteristic during the breeding season of mites in house dust.

A typical manifestation of a respiratory allergy is:

Itching of the nose, palate.
Sneezing.
Mucus discharge from the nose.
Swelling of the nasal cavity.
Cough.

With a long course, there is difficulty in nasal breathing, a violation of smell. Often associated with symptoms of eye damage - lacrimation, redness of the conjunctiva, itching.

In the chronic course of the disease suffers general state organism, internal organs are affected. Systemic manifestations include:

Irritability.
Fatigue, lethargy.
Headache.
Lack of appetite.
Weight loss, depression.
Increase in body temperature up to 37.5 C.
Shortness of breath, suffocation.
Damage to the joints, kidneys, heart.

Diagnostics

To identify respiratory allergies, a systematic approach is needed using laboratory and instrumental research methods. It is necessary to consult an allergist who will help determine the cause of the disease.

For an accurate diagnosis, you may need to consult an ENT doctor, an ophthalmologist, a pulmonologist. To determine the specific cause of the disease, skin tests are performed. Inflammatory changes in the nasal mucosa are confirmed by taking swabs and swabs from the nasopharynx.

Several groups of drugs are used to treat allergic reactions. The leading position is occupied antihistamine drugs. This is a long-known and used group that relieves the symptoms of the disease well. All drugs can be divided into 3 generations. Representatives of the first generation (diazolin, suprastin, fencarol, tavegil) begin to act immediately after taking the pill. They are used in injectable form for the relief of emergency conditions.

But these drugs have side effect- drowsiness, decreased concentration. This feature must be taken into account by drivers and people working in dangerous conditions. To these drugs addiction develops quite quickly, so a change of the drug is necessary every 7-10 days.

Second-generation drugs (loratadine, tsitserizin) do not affect the central nervous system, but have cardiotoxic effect. They should not be used by people with diseases of the cardiovascular system. The pluses include their long-term effect (24 hours), which allows you to take the drug 1 time per day.

Representatives of the third generation (desloratadine, telfast) are devoid of the shortcomings of their predecessors. They can be used for a long time without endangering nervous system and hearts. The downside is the higher cost of these drugs.

For the treatment of local manifestations of allergic rhinitis, nasal corticosteroids (nasonex, flixonase) are used. These sprays have proven themselves well and can be used in both adults and children. A feature of nasal corticosteroids is their exclusively local action (they are not absorbed into the bloodstream) and the preservation of the effect up to one month after application.

Widely used vasoconstrictor drops - xylin, nafazolin. They relieve swelling of the nasal cavity, facilitate breathing.

Prevention

Prevention is aimed at avoiding contact with allergens. At home, you need to create a hypoallergenic environment. For this you need:

Carry out regularly wet cleaning, room ventilation.
Replace feather pillows to synthetic ones.
Punch out pillows and blankets regularly.
Limit contact with animals.
Remove carpets, books - in glazed shelves.
During flowering, limit exposure to the street.

Compliance with simple preventive measures, and timely reception medicines help to avoid exacerbations of respiratory allergies and maintain an active lifestyle.

Respiratory Allergosis - Symptoms and Treatment

general information

Respiratory allergy is not called a specific disease, but a complex of ailments, which is based on an allergic lesion of the respiratory tract. These disorders are more common in younger children. preschool age 6 from 2 to 4 years old.

The peculiarity of respiratory allergies is that the allergy occurs against the background of active activity of infectious and non-infectious pathogens in the respiratory tract. Edema can affect the nasopharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi.

During the course of a respiratory allergy, the mucous membrane of the respiratory organs is able to interact with all kinds of irritants. Hence the wide list of possible irritating components that can cause an outbreak of allergies. For example, food components enter the body through the throat, so they can irritate the respiratory tract. Also, people inhale the air, which may contain various dangerous impurities and particles.

A particular irritating particle has its own specific properties. Most often, not the entire respiratory system reacts to them at once, but only a certain part of it: the nose, larynx, bronchi, trachea, sinuses. The affected area is usually the most sensitive of the entire respiratory tract. An allergic process starts on it, the first symptoms appear.

Allergosis types

Distinguish two types of allergies: allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma. They differ in that during rhinitis, the upper respiratory tract is affected, and during asthma, the lower ones.

The causative agents of allergies in the respiratory tube are also divided into two groups:

Infectious. These include all kinds of virus, bacteria, fungal and other harmful microorganisms;
Non-infectious. They can be pollen, household dust, food, medicines, as well as some household chemicals and decorative cosmetics.

The main symptoms of respiratory allergies

It is often quite difficult for doctors to make this diagnosis, since many of the symptoms are similar to those of a common cold. These include:

Frequent sneezing;
Separation of liquid and clear slime from the nose;
Swelling of the eyelids and nasopharynx;
Dry cough;
Burning sensation and itching in the nose;
Less common is fever and weakness.

However, there are a few simple signs by which you can distinguish an allergy from a cold. One of these is seasonality. Namely, an allergic reaction can occur at a certain period, for example, during the flowering of plants. At this time, the patient's symptoms worsen, mucus from the nose begins to stand out, and frequent sneezing and coughing are also disturbing. However, after rain, or at the end of flowering, all symptoms disappear.

Another difference is the duration of the illness. If a person has an allergy, then sneezing and itching, as a rule, bother him for a rather long period of time (up to 3-4 weeks). However, if the patient catches a cold, then the severe symptoms will last only a couple of days. Also, the significant differences between respiratory allergosis and ARVI are: during an allergic reaction, the general condition of a person is not disturbed, he is still active, has a large appetite and a normal temperature.

Also, an allergic reaction can be determined by several more featured:

When interacting with an irritating element, a sharp change in state occurs: mucus from the nose begins to secrete abundantly, frequent sneezing and coughing appear. But as soon as you leave the place where the allergen was located, the symptoms immediately disappear;

Respiratory allergies in children

This diagnosis is overwhelmingly made in children. Some people live with allergies for a long time, but many manage to overcome it and forget it already in their youth.

It is worth noting that the symptoms, diagnostic methods and stages of treatment of children and adults are no different. An exception may be only very small patients, under the age of 5 years. Such patients exclude the use of certain drugs and several medical procedures.

If a child suffers from respiratory allergies, then his parents should adhere to the following rules to protect it from contact with irritants:

Be wary of visiting new premises (cafes, clubs, game rooms, shops and theaters);
Use only hypoallergenic household chemicals and fragrance-free cosmetics;
Do not experiment with new perfumes, but use only those that do not cause a reaction in the child;
during repairs or general cleaning take the child to another place, since household dust is the causative agent of the reaction;
Spices can also be allergens, so when preparing an exotic dish, it is important that the child is not in the kitchen;
During flowering, if possible, take the allergic person to places where it will be easier for him. Also, do not plant flowers in the house and do not put bouquets;
Before buying a new item: toys, carpet, clothes, etc. , - it is important to be sure that the child will not be allergic to a new thing;
Do not have pets and do not visit guests who have them. It must be remembered that even dog food or fish food can cause allergies;
Do not give your child untested drugs;
Don't offer new food.

Stages of diagnosis of respiratory allergosis in children

In fact, the stages of diagnosis in adults differ little from studies in children. However, due to the more common allergosis directly in childhood, we will consider the stages of observation in children.

First of all, if suspicious symptoms occur, it is necessary to visit an otolaryngologist or pediatrician. During the examination, the doctor will determine whether the patient has an allergy or a cold. The doctor will examine the throat: if it is red, then there is a viral disease, and if it is pale and covered with spots, it means an allergy.
Further, the patient can be sent for an x-ray in order to exclude diseases such as bronchitis and pneumonia. Be sure to take an x-ray for those patients who have affected the lower respiratory tract;
Then a number of studies are carried out to exclude adenoids and posterior rhinitis;
Only after the specialists are convinced that the child has respiratory rhinitis, he will be sent to an appointment with an allergist, who will write a referral for a blood test to look at the level of immunoglobulin;
If a patient has asthma, he is examined external respiration using a spirograph

Allergosis Treatment Methods

Of course, the stage of treatment and taking medications directly depends on the specific case. But, at the beginning of therapy, almost everyone is prescribed antihistamine tablets, which are aimed at expanding the bronchi and facilitating breathing.

If the patient is over 5 years old, he can undergo allergen-specific immunotherapy, due to which antibodies to allergens will begin to be produced in the body. The result of this procedure is long lasting and can last for a lifetime.

Allergy Prevention Measures

If the patient knows the irritants that excite the appearance of allergies, then it is necessary to exclude them from your life to the maximum. For example, if a child suffers from seasonal allergies, then it is necessary to leave for another region for the time of flowering. It is known that it is much more difficult for allergy sufferers to live in southern latitudes, and symptoms are easier to tolerate in the north and northwest. This is due to the too long period of flowering and fluff in the southern latitudes (from early spring to late autumn) and high humidity with a short flowering period in the north.
In the case of bronchial asthma, the patient needs to train the respiratory system. Sports such as swimming, running, football, cycling rallies, etc. are perfect for this. It is also useful for asthmatics to play wind instruments, or simply blow up balloons several times a week.
Keep order in the house. It is important to prevent mold and mildew from appearing in your home, as well as to throw away all “nuclear” household chemicals and switch to hypoallergenic products. It is important to remember that mold can hide in water filters, air conditioners, bathroom walls. Mold must be cleaned regularly.

Combining all of the above, we can define the term respiratory allergosis. This is not a specific disease, but a complex of allergic reactions that are united by the nature of their occurrence, namely, the defeat of the respiratory tract. Disorders such as rhinitis, paringitis, pharyngitis, etc. are classified as mild forms of respiratory tract allergy. Severe forms are considered allergic pneumonia and allergic alveolitis. The most common type of respiratory allergy is bronchial asthma.

AT modern world There are many irritating factors that allergy sufferers have to deal with. If symptoms occur, it is necessary to visit the office of a therapist or pediatrician so that he can prescribe the necessary studies and identify the cause and focus of irritation.

As a rule, respiratory allergies can be cured. But this will take a long time (up to 3-4 weeks).

Respiratory allergy is the most common type of allergy.

An atypical overreaction of the immune system to the usual factors of the outside world is called an allergy. The allergen, when it first enters the body, forces the immune system to produce antibodies - protection from the enemy. Upon repeated contact, a meeting of a “foreign” substance (antigen) with antibodies occurs. This is how an allergic reaction occurs, which is awakened by allergy mediators - histamine, serotonin. Allergens can come into contact with the body different ways- contact with skin, mucous membranes, entry into the gastrointestinal tract.

Respiratory allergies are the most common. That is, the antigen provokes an allergic response from the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract.

Features, causes and manifestations of respiratory allergies

Its specificity is that the mucous surface of the respiratory tract comes into contact with almost all groups of allergens (both food and contact allergens come into contact with the oral and pharyngeal mucosa). A feature is the transience of the resulting reaction. The response develops within minutes or hours after contact with the provocateur.

Aeroallergens are called microscopic particles of antigenic substances that are in the air and provoke such an immune response. They enter the body by inhalation of air. The smallest concentrations of pathogens of the immune response in it can cause sensitization. Such substances can be encountered in quite different conditions- home, shop, school, street, forest, sea and other places.

The provocateurs of such a reaction are the following factors:

The peak of sensitization falls on the spring-summer time. During this period, the air is most saturated with allergenic substances. But the nature of the course of pathology can be year-round.

occurs in 15% of the population, often combined with other allergies.

preschoolers and primary school children are more often affected;
subdivided into types according to clinical manifestations.

rarely occurs on its own, more often together with allergic rhinitis, laryngitis;
is undulating.

children have acute or chronic

is chronic in nature.

often has a chronic course;
associated with tonsillitis.

the most common type (8-12% of the population);
children are more often affected;
mostly seasonal.

occurs in 3 - 15% of the population;
may be acute, subacute, or chronic.

Risk factors

There are a lot of circumstances that contribute to the occurrence of a respiratory form of allergy. They can have both a complex effect on the body, and act as a single cause.

Factors provoking specific immune responses:

Hereditary. If one of the next of kin has an allergy, then the child will inherit this predisposition in 50% of cases.
Ecological - unfavorable environment. Every year the atmosphere is polluted, the air is saturated with allergens, human body is weakening. Constant exposure to antigens, especially on a child's body, increases the chances of getting sensitization.
Harmful working conditions - constant contact with allergens.
Decreased protective functions of immunity against the background of diseases: regular exacerbations of chronic diseases, acute infectious pathologies of the upper respiratory tract, SARS. In moments of illness, the body is most vulnerable.
Wrong behavior of parents - untimely introduction of a new product to a child, premature termination of breastfeeding
Taking medications, in particular antibiotic therapy. Certain medicines may not be right for a particular person on an individual basis.
Wrong selection cosmetics, household chemicals.
Immaturity of the body (applies exclusively to children). An immune system that is not yet fully formed may react incorrectly, with growing up the problem may disappear on its own.
Emotional stress.
Bad habits, especially smoking. The child's body can act as a passive smoker - this is an extremely dangerous role for the baby.

Symptoms

Many parents confuse respiratory allergies with colds. Indeed, the symptoms are very similar. The doctor must differentiate the disease.

With respiratory allergies, there is a runny nose or cough, but there are no signs of general toxicosis. The child behaves actively, body temperature is within the normal range, there is a good appetite. hallmark It is the allergic manifestation that is the almost instantaneous development of symptoms after contact with the allergen and its rapid disappearance after the elimination of the antigen. For example, they came to visit - stuffy nose, coughing, and returned home - the symptoms disappeared in a short period of time.

The signs that have arisen indicate that contact with the allergen has occurred recently. It is necessary to analyze all the events that occur before the onset of symptoms. This will help identify the allergen.

It is worth paying attention to the season. Pollen reactions occur in spring or summer, rarely in autumn. Colds appear regardless of the season. At this time, the mucous membranes of the eyes may also be affected. Sometimes this happens with colds, but if there is no deterioration in the general condition, then it is most likely an allergy.

Causes and symptoms of respiratory allergies, treatment of allergies in children and adults

Rhinitis, cough, sneezing, sore throat - characteristics inflammatory process of the respiratory tract. Not always such symptoms indicate inflammation. Often the symptoms are allergic in nature.

Why Respiratory Allergies Occur

Respiratory allergies in children is not a specific disease, but a term that includes allergic pathologies that are characterized by damage to the respiratory tract.

Rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis are mild manifestations of respiratory allergies. Less common is the development of allergic pneumonia, alveolitis of the same etiology. Even less often, the manifestation of respiratory allergosis is expressed in the development of bronchial asthma.

Sources of development of pathology can be different.

One of the most common causes is hereditary predisposition, when the pathology is transmitted to the child from a mother suffering from allergies.

Therefore, the first signs of allergies appear at an early age.

Factors predisposing to the development of pathology:

finding the baby on artificial feeding;
perinatal pathological conditions in the central nervous system and respiratory tract;
atopic diathesis;
unfavorable environmental conditions.

The reason contributing to the manifestation of respiratory allergosis is malnutrition, for example, the abuse of preservatives.

Another source may be the frequent development of a cold, irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, etc.

Symptoms of respiratory allergies in children and adults

If a respiratory allergy develops, the symptoms in children are no different from the manifestation of pathology in adults. It is difficult to determine the type of negative symptoms (allergic, viral or bacterial), because the manifestations of such diseases are identical:

swelling of the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx;
sneezing
burning sensation in the nasal passages;
cough;
secretion of mucous exudate from the nasal passages;
rarely - fever and general weakness.

Each sign of allergy indicates its specific form, which can be determined even without the help of a specialist.

Allergy Forms

Respiratory allergies in children and adults develop in different forms, based on the area of occurrence of characteristic symptoms:

pharyngitis - swelling of the tongue, mucous membranes oral cavity and nasopharynx, there is a "lump" in the throat;
rhinitis - the nasal passages are damaged, frequent breathing appears, increased tearing, itching syndrome in the nasal passages, headache, general malaise;
laryngitis - laryngeal edema, barking cough, hoarseness of voice;
obstructive bronchitis - cough, chest pain, shortness of breath;
trachea - hoarseness, dry cough, pain behind the sternum.

How to identify an allergen

Seasonal symptoms in allergy sufferers occur during the flowering period of plants. It is not difficult to recognize such a disease. As soon as a person passes by a certain plant, he starts sneezing, he gets nasal congestion. The body's reaction to flowering disappears on its own after they stop.

Even “neglected” allergies can be cured at home. Just remember to drink once a day.

With seasonal allergies, symptoms may not appear during cloudy weather, cool weather, after rain, when pollen settles. In hot and dry weather, there is an increase in the severity of symptoms.

It is possible to distinguish respiratory allergosis in children and adults from a common cold by the duration of the presence of symptoms. With an allergenic etiology, a runny nose is present for a long time (3-4 weeks), while catarrhal rhinitis lasts much less. An allergic person can sneeze 5 or more times in a row. With a cold, sneezing is shorter.

Allergic symptoms can be diagnosed by general analysis blood. The doctor also prescribes special skin tests and tests that allow you to determine the source of the allergy.

Allergic symptoms can occur from inhalation of house dust, animal hair, as well as from taking certain medications and eating any food.

Respiratory Allergy Treatment Methods

Treatment of respiratory allergies in children and adults is often carried out only with antihistamine drugs and this is wrong. According to experts, the treatment of respiratory allergies should be complex, using several methods.

Drug treatment of allergic manifestations consists in the use of the following drugs:

local - vasoconstrictor (for the treatment of the common cold), drugs with ketotifen in the composition (for the treatment of conjunctivitis), a decoction of chamomile, calendula (for gargling with pain in this area);
anti-allergic (only as prescribed by the attending physician);
sorbent agents - activated charcoal, etc. (help cleanse the intestines from harmful substances);
means, which include lactobacilli (help to normalize the microflora in the intestine and increase the state of local immunity).

Respiratory allergies can be treated with physiotherapy. To normalize breathing, inhalations are carried out with essential oils, to eliminate other unpleasant symptoms - speleotherapy, therapeutic baths and other procedures.

Since the immune system worsens during pathology, namely, the protective function of the body decreases, experts recommend systematically hardening, taking vitamin complexes, loading yourself with moderate physical activity. You can strengthen your breathing by attending swimming, figure skating, and yoga classes.

From about 5 years of age, allergen-specific immunotherapy with the use of guilty allergens is prescribed. Therapy consists in introducing drugs into the body of an allergic person, which contain allergic components, to which it gives an appropriate reaction. Thus, he is “pushed” to the correct reaction - not to react to the provoking allergen.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy helps not only to alleviate the general condition of the patient, but also to stop the progression of the disease.

Folk remedies

In combination with the main treatment prescribed by the doctor, you can use folk remedies. The latter are not inferior in effectiveness to finished drugs. Among the effective folk remedies worth highlighting the following:

Series - 1 tsp. raw materials pour 200 ml of boiling water, insist for 12 hours, take orally 100 ml twice a day.
St. John's wort, horsetail, wild rose, centaury, dandelion - take the ingredients in equal volumes, mix, pour water in a ratio of 1:5, boil for 15 minutes, strain, take 100 ml orally twice a day.
Dandelion - wash the leaves of the plant, grind, squeeze through gauze, getting the juice, which is diluted 1: 1 with water and taken orally 2 tbsp. l. twice a day.
Duckweed - 1 tsp pour raw materials with vodka in a volume of 50 ml, insist for a week, take 1 tsp inside. every day, diluted with water.
Chamomile - 2 tbsp. l. raw materials pour half a liter of water, insist for half an hour, take orally 100 ml of infusion 2 times a day.
Pine nuts or pine nuts - every day it is recommended to eat 10 nuts or take 1 tbsp. l. oils.

For some folk remedies, a person may experience an individual negative reaction of the body. For this reason, even folk remedies should be discussed with your doctor before using them.

Prevention measures

In order not to cause a re-damage of the body, people who are prone to allergic reactions must adhere to a special hypoallergenic diet with the exception of cow's milk, honey, eggs, chocolate, fruits and red vegetables.

To prevent an allergic reaction, it is important to start taking appropriate measures immediately after the birth of the baby. Women who are breastfeeding should also follow the diet. This is especially true for those who suffered from such a pathology at the hereditary level.

The room in which the baby (or adult) lives must be kept clean, aired daily, and wet cleaned.

It is worth consulting a doctor if a child (or an adult) often develops a dry cough that does not disappear for a long time, there are breathing difficulties that are not related to colds. Only timely diagnosis allows you to quickly cure respiratory allergies and reduce the risk of its recurrence.

Symptoms and treatment of respiratory allergies

Breathing is very important process for the body as a whole, since disturbances in its work impair heat transfer, lead to a decrease in protective and immune functions. Respiratory allergies are one of the most common diseases of the respiratory system.

The first manifestations of respiratory allergies most often occur in childhood. However, such an allergy can be detected for the first time in an adult, for example, as a consequence of one of the past diseases of the respiratory system.

Due to the similarity of symptoms, the respiratory immune response is often mistaken for other inflammatory diseases: rhinitis, bronchitis, etc.

Respiratory allergies and their causes

The disease occurs when an allergen enters the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. Allergens that cause a respiratory immune response are microscopic in size. They are in the air, getting into the body when you inhale. Therefore, they are called aeroallergens.

Even in small amounts, they can cause a response in a person prone to hypersensitivity.

Aeroallergens can easily enter the body both at home and in in public places, during a walk, on vacation outside the city. Examples of aeroallergens are:

pollen and fungal spores;
dust mite;
song;
animal hair or dander;
household chemicals;
aromatics;
building materials.

Depending on the cause of occurrence, the following types of respiratory allergic reactions are distinguished:

The disease is exacerbated in the spring-summer period, because. it is during these seasons that the air is a large number of pollen and odors.

Common diseases of the respiratory allergic type are:

A feature of respiratory allergies is the transience of the development of the disease after the allergen enters the body (from several minutes to a couple of hours). Manifestations of such an immune reaction are similar to a cold.

But unlike acute respiratory infections and acute respiratory viral infections, the patient's general condition is normal, there is no headache, fever is not observed, appetite and activity do not worsen.

Respiratory allergies include the following symptoms:

sneezing
cough;
nasal congestion;
irritation of the mucous membranes of the nose and throat;
redness, burning and tearing of the eyes;
wheezing in the lungs;
swelling of the throat and eyelids.

As a rule, the patient has 1-2 of the listed symptoms. Based on these signs, it is possible to draw a conclusion about the nature of the allergic disease.

allergic conjunctivitis

Allergic conjunctivitis is an allergic inflammation of the outer layer of the eye. The causes of allergic conjunctivitis are often dust mites that live in feather pillows, mattresses, etc.

The presence of an aquarium in the house can also cause the disease, because. the chitinous cover of daphnia crustaceans, which are used as food for fish, is a very strong allergen. Mold spores, animal hair and dander, feathers, bird droppings, pollen, and plant particles can also cause allergic-type conjunctivitis.

Symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis include:

hyperemia, redness of the eyes;
increased lacrimation;
swelling of the eyelids;
burning and itching of the eyes.

About 15% of the population suffer from this disease. Allergic conjunctivitis occurs as a concomitant reaction in many systemic immunological disorders. The disease often occurs with allergic bronchitis and rhinitis, atopic dermatitis.

allergic rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa of the allergic type.

The disease is seasonal and is caused by pollen. This seasonal allergic rhinitis is called hay fever. Often hay fever is accompanied by allergic conjunctivitis.

The disease is characterized by the following symptoms:

runny nose;
nasal congestion;
sneezing
increased lacrimation;
swelling of the eyelids.

Allergic laryngitis

Inflammation of the larynx of an allergic type is called allergic laryngitis.

Polluted, gassed air in industrial areas, chemical emissions from factories, exhaust gases can cause the development of the disease.

The characteristic symptoms are:

runny nose;
nasal congestion;
sneezing
increased lacrimation;
swelling of the eyelids.

The most common comorbidities are allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma.

asthmatic bronchitis

Allergic bronchitis (asthmatic) - inflammation of the bronchial mucosa of an allergic type. Allergens that we encounter in everyday life (dust, wool, animal dander, pollen or spores) can provoke the development of the disease.

Asthmatic bronchitis can occur after contact with viral and bacterial allergens (staphylococcus aureus). Often such bronchitis occurs against the background of SARS.

With the disease, the following symptoms appear:

cough;
wheezing in the lungs;
bouts of suffocation.

In 10-15% of cases, advanced asthmatic bronchitis develops into bronchial asthma.

Allergic alveolitis

An inflammatory process of an allergic type that occurs in the alveoli of the lungs is called allergic alveolitis. common cause occurrence is the presence of avian protein contained in the litter.

There are also vegetable (sawdust, pollen) and animal allergens (woolen dust).

The disease is characterized by the following symptoms:

Treatment and prevention of respiratory allergies

The first thing to do is to avoid contact with the allergen. In the treatment, antihistamines are used, which contribute to the rapid removal of antigens from the body and the restoration of the immune system. In addition to them, local treatment of the respiratory tract mucosa is used. Antihistamines include:

antiallergic drugs 1-3 generations;
corticosteroid drugs;
preparations for local treatment: sprays, drops, ointments.

The drug is selected individually, based on factors such as the severity of the disease, the age of the patient. Allergy treatment necessarily includes strengthening the body's immunity.

In order to reduce the risk of allergies, it is enough to reduce the number of potential allergens and follow simple rules:

regularly vacuum, carry out wet cleaning in the room;
remove possible sources of dust mites: remove carpets, replace feather pillows with pillows with synthetic filling;
do not keep pets and indoor plants;
do not use clothes and shoes containing animal hair and fur;
Do not smoke;
do not use aromatic substances, perfumes and air fresheners;
avoid excessive humidity in the room;
ventilate the room;
do not go out into nature during the flowering season of plants;
install an air conditioner or air filter in the room;
wear goggles outdoors.

What to do if the allergy does not go away?

You are tormented by sneezing, coughing, itching, rashes and redness of the skin, or maybe your allergies are even more serious. And the isolation of the allergen is unpleasant or even impossible.

In addition, allergies lead to diseases such as asthma, urticaria, dermatitis. And the recommended medicines for some reason are not effective in your case and do not fight the cause in any way ...

Differences between immediate and delayed type allergies.

Symptoms and treatment of cumulative allergies.

What foods are contraindicated for use with this allergy.

What are the symptoms of such a disease and how to cure it.

The respiratory tract is very dangerous for the body. The patient is tormented by a constant cough, severe runny nose, shortness of breath, ears and throat hurt - many of these symptoms are familiar.

But, are the causes of these diseases in adults and children the same? Most allergies are manifested by inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, ear, as well as cough, nasal obstruction, sneezing, sinusitis.

Symptoms and treatment of respiratory allergies

Typical allergy symptoms upper respiratory tract:

increased susceptibility to viral and bacterial infections;
pain and feeling of obstruction in the throat;
redness and loosening of the mucous membrane of the throat and tonsils.

Recurrent allergic inflammations are mostly asymptomatic. While angina requires antibiotic treatment.

You should know that classic tonsillitis in children is rare, more often there is an allergy. It happens that during the year an allergic reaction appears every two to three weeks. Only detailed diagnostics and elimination from the environment of the allergen, including harmful products from diet or desensitization brings an end to the recurrence of inflammation of the throat and tonsils.

Treatment of upper respiratory tract allergies also includes gargling and moisturizing the throat.

Bacterial and viral allergies

Bacterial infections are usually the result of a weakened immune system. Also, allergies, especially if left untreated or treated incorrectly, can contribute to more frequent infections. Long ignored allergic reactions: inflammation of the nasal mucosa or bronchitis - worsen the functioning of the immune system.

Viral infections do not require antibiotic treatment. The disease begins with a sudden general weakening, pain in the muscles, head, throat. Nasal discharge is serous, not purulent. Frequent viral infections are sometimes due to respiratory tract allergies.

What causes respiratory allergies? ? Allergens that are in the air and inhaled by a person provoke symptoms. First of all, the nose and larynx are affected, which are a barrier to the path of microorganisms. Most often, this type of allergy affects people living in large industrial cities.

Every year the number of allergy sufferers is growing. According to statistics, about 40% of the world's population suffers from the disease. respiratory allergy - one of the types of the disease and includes:

allergic rhinitis;
allergic pharyngitis;
allergic tracheitis;
allergic laryngitis;
bronchial asthma.

What allergens provoke the symptoms of the disease:

bed mites;
household dust;
wool and particles of animal skin;
plant pollen;
mold .

Respiratory Allergy often provoked by occupational factors. In particular, cases of sensitivity to tobacco leaves, cotton or wood dust are known. Chemical and chemical workers also suffer from allergies. industrial enterprises, pharmacists and doctors.

Risk factors

There are certain factors that increase the risk of allergies several times:

weak immunity;
chronic diseases;
helminths;
autoimmune diseases;
stress;
heredity;
slagging;
dysbacteriosis;
unhealthy diet;
bad ecology;
tobacco smoke;
cold air;
medicines;
Food.

An important role is played by the microclimate in the living room and in the workplace. Although there is an opinion that excessive purity increases the chance of developing a reaction.

Symptoms and signs

During what period of time does it develop respiratory tract allergy ? The reaction can occur within a few minutes after contact with the allergen, and can develop over several days.

What are the first symptoms of an upper respiratory tract allergy:

burning in the area of the nose and throat;
dry mucous membranes;
perspiration.

Subsequently, the following signs of hypersensitivity develop:

nasal congestion;
frequent sneezing;
discharge from the sinuses.

The inflammatory process in the nose begins to develop.

Respiratory Allergy accompanied by clinical signs from other body systems, for example:

tearing;
discharge from the eyes;
conjunctivitis;
eye redness;
headache;
skin rash;
sleep loss;
weakness;
disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system.

In sensitive individuals, upon contact with the irritant, asthma symptoms develop. For example, asthma with pollinosis manifests itself only strictly during the flowering period.

How asthma manifests itself with allergies:

sudden shortness of breath;
unproductive cough;
breathing problems;
sensation of a foreign body in the chest;
wheezing;
wheezing.

You can stop the symptoms of asthma by changing the place of residence. For example, in warm and dry regions, the disease recedes.

Diagnostic methods

When the first respiratory allergy symptoms you should immediately consult a doctor to confirm the diagnosis. To begin with, the doctor conducts an anamnesis - collecting information about the course of the disease, its severity. Sounds in the lungs with asthma can be heard with a stethoscope. Other studies used for diagnosis:

Spirometry - evaluates the degree of bronchial obstruction.
Peakflowmetry is the measurement of expiratory activity.

Methods of additional diagnostics:

grade gas composition blood
bronchoscopy;
ECG;
general blood analysis;
sputum analysis;
radiography;
blood chemistry.

To determine the allergen that provoked an asthma attack, use:

Skin tests. These are absolutely safe tests that are carried out in special medical institutions. They consist in applying a few drops of the purified allergen to the skin. There are two types of tests: prick tests and scarification tests. In the first case, the skin is not damaged; during scarification tests, the skin on the forearm is slightly scratched with a special scarifier. If after a quarter of an hour redness and swelling appear at the site of skin contact with the allergen, the reaction to the allergen is positive.
provocative tests. Drops of the irritant are applied to the most shocking organ, in this case, to the mucous membrane of the nose or throat. Such a procedure confirms previous results and should only be performed in a hospital setting to provide the patient with the necessary medical care.

Also, the patient must necessarily take a blood sample from a vein for antibodies - class E immunoglobulins. With allergies, their number in the blood rises sharply.

Effective Treatments

The best way to treat allergies is to avoid any contact with the irritant. Unfortunately, with an allergy to pollen (hay fever) or dust, it is almost impossible to achieve such a result.

Treatment for respiratory allergies includes:

taking medications;
correct diet;
breathing exercises.

To eliminate the symptoms of allergies apply:

antihistamines;
hormones (corticosteroids);
sorbents.

Therapy for allergic rhinitis:

regular rinsing of the nose with saline or sea salt solution;
nasal spray for allergies;
nasal corticosteroids;
vasoconstrictor drugs.

What is used in the treatment of allergic asthma:

adrenergic blockers;
inhaled glucocorticosteroids.

Good therapeutic effect breathing exercises for allergies . In addition to the therapeutic effect, such gymnastics has a good preventive measure. The main thing is to do the exercises systematically.

So far, the only treatment for allergies is specific immunotherapy. Immunotherapy consists of introducing an allergen into the body, with a gradual increase in dose. So the body "gets used" to the stimulus and no longer reacts to it violently. Duration of treatment - up to 5 years, remission - from 5 to 10 years. Other modern ways therapy:

desensitization;
plasmapheresis;
speleological chamber;
laser irradiation of blood.

Any method of treatment must first be discussed with the doctor and take into account the possible consequences and characteristics of the body.

Pharmacy preparations

To eliminate swelling and inflammation in the nose and larynx, you need to take the following medications:

Antihistamines. There are two generations of antihistamines and H2 receptor blockers of the third generation. Sedative action is caused by drugs of the first generation: Diazolin, Suprastin, Diphenhydramine, Tavegil, Fenkarol. Means of the 2nd generation negatively affect cardiac activity: Fenistil, Claritin, Trexil, Gistalon. Third-generation histamine blockers have a fast and long-lasting effect and almost no side effects: Desloratadine, Fexofenadine, Zodak, Cetrin, Telfast.
Corticosteroids. Hormonal drugs, which are available in the form of tablets, ointments, solutions for inhalation and injection. They are used only in severe cases, since drugs cause a malfunction throughout the body: Prednisolone, Betamethasone, Dexamethasone, Flosteron, Lokoid, Dermovate.

In allergic bronchial asthma, inhaled corticosteroids are used:

Pulmicort;
Becotid;
Azmakort;
Ingacourt.

The course of treatment is reviewed every three months. In case of improvement, the dose of drugs is reduced, in case of deterioration, they are increased. Allergic bronchial asthma requires allergen-specific immunotherapy.

For the treatment of allergic rhinitis prescribe:

Kromoheksal;
Cromoglin;
Cromosol.

Nazaval spray is widely popular, which forms a film on the nasal mucosa and thus protects against the allergen.

In difficult cases, nasal corticosteroids are prescribed:

Nasobek;
Baconase;
Nazarel;
Aldecin.

Any drugs are prescribed only by a doctor. This is especially true of corticosteroids, the abuse of which is fraught with serious complications.

Folk remedies

Treatment for respiratory allergies , in addition to medicines, also includes recipes from traditional healers. It is believed that the most effective tool is to wash the sinuses with salt water. To prepare the solution, you need clean filtered water and a few teaspoons of salt, preferably sea salt. Inhalation over steam will help eliminate rhinitis.

The following plants have healing properties:

mint;
chamomile;
Linden;
oregano;
eucalyptus.

Plants can be used herbal or alone. Several useful tips traditional medicine:

2-3 spoons vegetable oil mix with garlic juice. Bury 3 drops of the mixture twice a day.
Chamomile poultice. Prepare a slurry of chamomile and apply to the sinuses.
To strengthen immunity, it is recommended to drink chamomile tea with honey. Rosehip and cranberry tea will also be useful.
To eliminate nasal congestion, boiled potatoes cut in half and attach to the wings of the nose.

Traditional medicine methods that give good result in the treatment of allergic asthma:

250 grams of aloe leaves cut and put in glass jar. Add half a liter of red wine (preferably Cahors) and 350 honey. Mix everything and leave to infuse for 9 days. Strain the resulting mixture and squeeze. Take three times a day for a teaspoon.
Plantain leaves + elder flowers + violet + sundew. Plants mix in equal proportions and pour boiling water. For 4 teaspoons of plant collection, 150-200 ml of water is needed. Hold the broth for a few minutes on fire, then strain. Drink during the day in three divided doses.
Peel and grate 400 grams of ginger root. Pour ginger into any container and pour alcohol. Keep the mixture in the sun for two weeks until it acquires yellow. Strain and squeeze. Take two teaspoons twice a day with water.

Before using any prescription, you should consult your doctor.

What is the danger

The most serious complications respiratory tract allergies are anaphylactic shock and angioedema. In turn, asthma and allergies lead to the following conditions:

asthmatic status;
acute respiratory failure;
spontaneous pneumothorax;
collapse;
hyperinflation of the lungs;
pneumonia.

What is anaphylaxis? This is an allergic reaction, which is characterized by a speedy reaction and the severity of symptoms. Characterized by:

a sharp decrease in blood pressure;
sense of anxiety;
labored breathing;
sensation of heat;
convulsions;
fainting;
spasm of the upper respiratory tract.

The first thing to do when symptoms occur is to call the medical team. Then the patient should be laid so that the head is below the level of the legs. Tilt your head to one side and stick out your tongue. If necessary, an injection of adrenaline should be given.

Quincke's edema is less often fatal, but is also a rather dangerous condition. Signs:

pronounced edema;
cyanosis of the tongue;
labored breathing;
pallor of the skin.

If the edema passes to the trachea and larynx, shortness of breath and then suffocation may occur. With swelling of the internal organs, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vomiting appear. There are cases when the lesion affects the lining of the brain. This causes neurological damage.

Respiratory Allergy - a fairly serious illness that can lead to serious consequences. Therefore, in addition to treatment, one should not forget about preventive measures. For starters, the patient must follow a hypoallergenic diet.

What should be excluded:

fast food;
honey;
nuts;

Some helpful tips for allergy sufferers:

If you are allergic to pollen, you should avoid long walks in the yard and picnics in nature.
It is necessary to ventilate the room in rainy and calm weather.
Before getting into the car, it is necessary to ventilate it for the absence of insects.
If you are allergic to insect bites, you should always carry a first aid kit with antihistamines and adrenaline.
It is better to get rid of carpets, woolen bedspreads, heavy curtains. Feather pillows are advised to be replaced with synthetic ones, and mattresses should be dry-cleaned regularly.
It is advisable to stop smoking and limit alcohol consumption.
Before taking any medication, you need to do an allergy test.

Rest on the sea, visiting health resorts will also help to improve health.

The best preventive measure is to avoid contact with the allergen. When this is not possible, the allergy sufferer should always keep the necessary drugs on hand.

respiratory allergy

Allergic reactions are caused by allergens. A particularly severe form of an allergic reaction is anaphylactic shock, which often occurs upon contact with food allergens, drugs, or insect bites. Allergy symptoms can also occur due to the inhalation of allergens. These are substances that are in the air, in particular: grass and tree pollen, waste products of dust mites, mold spores and particles of the epidermis and pet hair. Although inhaled allergens do not cause anaphylactic shock, they can cause many distressing respiratory symptoms.

Allergy symptoms in asthma patients

Most common manifestations of respiratory allergies these are: allergic rhinitis, as well as bronchial asthma. However, it should be remembered that such symptoms may occur in the course of diseases caused by a cause other than allergies. Therefore, a thorough diagnosis by a specialist doctor plays an important role.

To respiratory allergy symptoms relate:

watery nasal discharge, nasal congestion, sneezing;
dry, tedious cough, chest tightness, shortness of breath;
watery, itchy, and inflamed eyes;
headache, inflammation of the sinuses;
sleep problems;
difficulty concentrating, feeling irritated and tired.

Symptoms of an allergy to plant pollen appear only at certain times of the year, that is, during the period of pollen formation of this plant. In turn, in the case of household allergens, allergy symptoms can accompany the whole year, becoming more active in the winter. Asthma patients' allergy symptoms may improve with climate change or in places that are very warm and dry or very cold.

The main causes of respiratory allergies

Attacks of allergic asthma are very difficult to tolerate by patients.

The allergen that most often stimulates the immune system of an allergic person is the droppings of house dust mites. It is very dry and breaks down into small particles, penetrating with air into the human respiratory tract. Fragments of mite feces accumulate in the recesses of pillows, mattresses, blankets, curtains and carpets.

In many allergy sufferers, allergy symptoms also appear when they come into contact with the hair and particles of the epidermis (skin) of pets. The desquamated cells of the animal enter the body of an allergic person with air and cause symptoms from the respiratory system, itchy eyes and general symptoms. It should be understood that every animal, even devoid of hair, can become a source of allergic reactions.

A common occurrence is an allergy to mold spores. Mold usually appears in damp, warm rooms (bathroom, kitchen), but can develop, for example, in the mattress of a bed. Mold spores sometimes hide under wallpaper or in plant soil. Respiratory Allergy Symptoms caused by mold grow, as a rule, on cloudy days, with high humidity. And in the case of an allergy to plant pollen, allergy symptoms become especially annoying on dry, windy days.

Determining which allergen is causing a reaction in a patient is critical to controlling the disease by limiting exposure to that substance.

respiratory allergy

Respiration is a very important process for the body as a whole, since disturbances in its work impair heat transfer and lead to a decrease in protective and immune functions. Respiratory allergies are one of the most common diseases of the respiratory system.

Due to the similarity of symptoms, the respiratory immune response is often mistaken for other inflammatory diseases: rhinitis, bronchitis, etc.

Respiratory allergies and their causes

Even in small amounts, they can cause a response in a person prone to hypersensitivity.

Aeroallergens can easily enter the body both at home and in public places, while walking, on vacation outside the city. Examples of aeroallergens are:

pollen and fungal spores;
dust mite;
song;
animal hair or dander;
household chemicals;
aromatics;
building materials.

Depending on the cause of occurrence, the following types of respiratory allergic reactions are distinguished:

The disease is exacerbated in the spring-summer period, because. it is during these seasons that a large amount of pollen and odors are in the air.

Common diseases of the respiratory allergic type are:

Respiratory allergies include the following symptoms:

sneezing
cough;
nasal congestion;
irritation of the mucous membranes of the nose and throat;
redness, burning and tearing of the eyes;
wheezing in the lungs;
swelling of the throat and eyelids.

As a rule, the patient has 1-2 of the listed symptoms. Based on these signs, it is possible to draw a conclusion about the nature of the allergic disease.

allergic conjunctivitis

Allergic conjunctivitis is an allergic inflammation of the outer layer of the eye. The causes of allergic conjunctivitis are often dust mites that live in feather pillows, mattresses, etc.

The presence of an aquarium in the house can also cause the disease, because. the chitinous cover of daphnia crustaceans, which are used as food for fish, is very strong allergen. Mold spores, animal hair and dander, feathers, bird droppings, pollen, and plant particles can also cause allergic-type conjunctivitis.

Symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis include:

allergic rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa of the allergic type.

The disease is seasonal and is caused by pollen. This seasonal allergic rhinitis is called hay fever. Often hay fever is accompanied by allergic conjunctivitis.

The disease is characterized by the following symptoms:

runny nose;
nasal congestion;
sneezing
increased lacrimation;
swelling of the eyelids.

Allergic laryngitis

Inflammation of the larynx of an allergic type is called allergic laryngitis.

Polluted, gassed air in industrial areas, chemical emissions from factories, exhaust gases can cause the development of the disease.

The characteristic symptoms are:

The most common comorbidities are allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma.

asthmatic bronchitis

Asthmatic bronchitis can occur after contact with viral and bacterial allergens (staphylococcus aureus). Often such bronchitis occurs against the background of SARS.

With the disease, the following symptoms appear:

In 10-15% of cases, advanced asthmatic bronchitis develops into bronchial asthma.

Allergic alveolitis

An inflammatory process of an allergic type that occurs in the alveoli of the lungs is called allergic alveolitis. A common cause of occurrence is the presence of bird protein contained in the litter.

There are also vegetable (sawdust, pollen) and animal allergens (woolen dust).

The disease is characterized by the following symptoms:

Treatment and prevention of respiratory allergies

antiallergic drugs 1-3 generations;
corticosteroid drugs;
preparations for local treatment: sprays, drops, ointments.

The drug is selected individually, based on factors such as the severity of the disease, the age of the patient. Allergy treatment necessarily includes strengthening the body's immunity.

In order to reduce the risk of allergies, it is enough to reduce the number of potential allergens and follow simple rules:

regularly vacuum, carry out wet cleaning in the room;
remove possible sources of dust mites: remove carpets, replace feather pillows with pillows with synthetic filling;
do not keep pets and indoor plants;
do not use clothes and shoes containing animal hair and fur;
Do not smoke;
do not use aromatic substances, perfumes and air fresheners;
avoid excessive humidity in the room;
ventilate the room;
do not go out into nature during the flowering season of plants;
install an air conditioner or air filter in the room;
wear goggles outdoors.

What to do if the allergy does not go away?

You are tormented by sneezing, coughing, itching, rashes and redness of the skin, or maybe your allergies are even more serious. And the isolation of the allergen is unpleasant or even impossible.

In addition, allergies lead to diseases such as asthma, urticaria, dermatitis. And the recommended medicines for some reason are not effective in your case and do not fight the cause in any way ...

Differences between immediate and delayed type allergies.

Symptoms and treatment of cumulative allergies.

What foods are contraindicated for use with this allergy.

What are the symptoms of such a disease and how to cure it.

Allergy symptoms in adults

Alveolitis after tooth extraction

Treatment of allergic rhinitis

Various respiratory disorders, such as sneezing, nasal congestion, difficulty breathing are symptoms with which every person has experienced in their life.

Most often, various viral infections (less often, pathogenic bacteria) lead to the occurrence of these symptoms.

However, not only pathogenic microflora may lead to the development of these disorders. Often the cause of their appearance is an allergic reaction. In this case, there is such a thing as respiratory allergies in children and adults.

General information

allergies It is customary to call a condition in which the immune system produces an inadequate response to the penetration of an irritant substance into the body.

This is due to the individual characteristics of the body, so substances that do not cause any harm to some children cause allergies in others. These irritants are called allergens.

The mechanism of development of an allergic reaction is as follows: the allergen enters the body, the immune system perceives it as a foreign body, and begins to produce antibodies that gradually accumulate in the blood.

Upon repeated contact with the irritant, a corresponding reaction occurs in the child's body. chemical reaction between the allergen and the antibodies already in the blood.

As a result of this reaction, a toxic substance is produced - histamine, and, ultimately, the characteristic symptoms of the disease develop.

There are several types of allergic reactions. In this case, we are talking about respiratory allergies.

Its difference from other varieties is that the appearance of symptoms of the disease is associated with the penetration of respiratory allergens, that is, substances that a child can inhale.

It is these allergens contribute to inflammation of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, and the occurrence of specific symptoms of this pathology.

In this case, the area of inflammation may not cover all the airways, but only a certain area, for example, the nasal cavity, larynx, trachea. It all depends on the type of allergen and the individual characteristics of the child's body.

What is an allergen?

Irritant in this case, all substances that can enter the child's body through the respiratory tract act.

Most often leads to the development of a respiratory form of allergy flowering plants, or rather, a protein that is contained in no, which includes the smallest particles of the human epidermis or bacteria and their metabolic products, unicellular microorganisms, fungi.

Causes

To the number factors contributing to the development of respiratory allergies, include:

Individual characteristics of the child's body, increased sensitivity to the allergen.
Respiratory disorders, frequent respiratory diseases that lead to a persistent decrease in immunity.
Diseases of the nervous system.
Various kinds of dermatitis and other skin rashes.
Contact with an allergen that occurred in the first year of a child's life.
Taking certain medications (eg, hormones, immunomodulators).

There are also a number of certain negative factors, the presence of which increases the risk of developing respiratory allergies. It:

Frequent inhalation (passive smoking).
Artificial feeding (it has been proven that children who are artificially fed are more likely to develop various kinds allergies).
excessive physical exercise in children suffering (often a child develops asthma attacks in this case).
Living in adverse environmental conditions.

Classification and types

There are several types of respiratory allergies:

Depending on the symptoms

Depending on the allergen

. The disease is accompanied by nasal congestion and flow, most often occurs when a child comes into contact with plant pollen. Has a seasonal character.
Allergic laryngitis, accompanied by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the throat, and, in some cases, an increase in the tonsils.
Allergic bronchitis is an inflammatory process that affects the bronchial mucosa.
Allergic alveolitis occurs when the focus of inflammation extends to the mucous membrane of the pulmonary alveoli. Accompanied by a strong cough with little sputum.

Household allergens, mainly house dust. Pathology is accompanied by coughing, asthma attacks, and other characteristic symptoms that increase, mainly at night. Signs can appear in a child regardless of the time of year.
Allergy to animals. Allergens in this case are wool and skin particles. pet, as well as feathers, fluff.
Fungi. Most often they enter the body of a child along with food, but they can also penetrate through the upper respiratory tract.
Pollen. Pollen from trees and grasses leads to the development of respiratory allergies.
Medications. Most often these are sprays, aerosols, means for inhalation.
Chemical substances. Many household chemicals contain aggressive components, the vapors of which can provoke inflammation of the respiratory mucosa and the development of respiratory allergies.

Symptoms and signs

Respiratory allergy is manifested by the following set of symptoms:

sneezing, discharge from the nasal cavity, itching in the nose;
redness of the eye protein, lacrimation;
bouts of dry cough, soreness and sore throat;
noisy breathing, the appearance of characteristic wheezing in the lungs, which are a sign of allergic alveolitis.

Diagnostics and tests

Pathology can be detected by assessment of clinical manifestations, a set of complaints that disturb the patient.

It is important to collect as complete an anamnesis of the disease as possible, that is, all those factors that preceded the onset of the first symptoms.

Importance have laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods, such as a blood test for antibodies to an allergen, allergological tests (examination of the contents of the nasal cavity, sputum), as well as bronchial spirography to detect allergic bronchitis.

What is dangerous?

The main danger of this type of allergic reaction is the development severe suffocation, angioedema, anaphylactic shock.

These conditions are considered very dangerous for the life of a small child.

In addition, respiratory allergies often cause the development of such dangerous pathologies like bronchial asthma, pneumonia.

Treatment regimen

How to treat crumbs?

First of all, it is necessary to protect the child from contact with the allergen as much as possible.

After that, assign drug treatment , which can be supplemented with the use of traditional medicine.

Medical therapy

Treatment is symptomatic, so choice medicines and treatment regimen are determined depending on the existing manifestations. The child is assigned:

Traditional medicine

Complex therapy is considered more effective when the main treatment and the use of medicines complement and folk methods therapies such as:

Birch tea. A few crushed birch leaves are poured into a glass of boiling water, given to the child 3 times a day instead of regular tea.
Eggshell. It is necessary to boil 1 egg, after washing it thoroughly, peel the shell, remove the film from it. In a coffee grinder, the shells are ground to a powder consistency. The resulting powder is given to the child in a very small amount (on the tip of a knife).

Additional Methods

It is important to limit the child's contact with the allergen. For this, it is necessary to carry out as mono more often at home. wet cleaning.

It is also necessary limit contact a child with pets, teach him to wash his hands thoroughly after playing with an animal.

Prevention

For prevention of seizures ailment is necessary:

every day to carry out wet cleaning in the children's room;
remove from the room all objects that accumulate dust;
replace pillows and blankets with synthetic-filled bedding;
as often as possible, wash the bed linen and clothes of the child, using hypoallergenic baby powders;
properly care for pets, comb and bathe them as often as possible;
humidify the air;
try not to visit the street during the flowering period of plants;
Do not smoke in a room where there is a child.

Respiratory allergies in children widespread and quite dangerous a disease that is accompanied by certain symptoms and can lead to the development of extremely dangerous conditions.

Treatment of the disease consists in taking medications prescribed by the doctor, using folk remedies, and normalizing the living conditions of the baby.

About respiratory allergies in children in this video:

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