Carburetor to 126 device repair adjustment. Features of K126 carburetors - device, tuning and adjustment

Carburetor- this is a node of the power supply system of an internal combustion engine, designed for the preparation of a combustible mixture the best composition by mixing liquid fuel with air and regulating the amount of its supply to the engine cylinders.

The operation of the carburetor ensures the formation of a fuel mixture of various compositions in different modes:

Sharp acceleration vehicle;

Idle mode;

Medium and light engine loads.

Consider separately each of the types of carburetors for UAZ vehicles:

1. K131A

2. K126 GU

3. K151 (modifications K151 E, K151 B, K151 C, K151 L, K151 C)

4. DAAZ 4178 (modifications 4178-1107010 (4178-1107010-10), 4178-1107010-30, 4178-1107010-40).

Carburetor K131A (dv. UMZ-417, 4218) "PEKAR" (article K131A-1107010)

Carburetor K131A- This is a modification of the K131 carburetor - a single-chamber carburetor for the UAZ-469 (3151) with the UMZ-414 engine, the culmination of the K-124/129 line. The original version of the K131 without the letter index "A" was distinguished by the presence of an EPHH - a forced idle economizer designed to reduce the emission of toxic substances from exhaust gases, as well as to reduce fuel consumption. The first issues also had a window, but over time they abandoned it, since it allegedly often leaked, but in fact - for the sake of reducing the cost of construction.

Carburetor K131A vertical, balanced, with a falling flow, single-chamber, two-diffuser. Main dosing system with pneumatic braking of fuel and emulsification in a well, with a central supply of emulsifying air. In addition, the carburetor has an autonomous idle system and a semi-automatic start and warm-up system.

Characteristics of the K131A carburetor

Chamber inlet diameter - 68 mm;

Mixing chamber diameter - 38 mm;

Large cone diameter - 28.5 mm;

Small diffuser diameter - 11 mm;

Productivity (throughput) of jets, see cube (ml) per minute: HDS - main 350 ± 4.5, air 175 ± 4.5; XX - main 55±1, air 290±7;

Diameters of dosing devices, mm: economizer jet (in the carburetor cap) - 1.6 + 0.08; emulsion tube (outer diameter) - 5.5 + 0.2; holes in the emulsion tube (4) - 1.2; sprayer (nozzle) of the accelerating pump - 0.5 + 0.06; emulsion holes going into the mixing chamber (outlets CXX) - 1.8 + 0.05 (upper / transitional) and 6.0 + 0.2 (lower / adjustable);

The productivity of the accelerating pump for 10 piston strokes is 8±4 cm3 per minute;

Fuel level (distance from the float to the plane of the carburetor body connector), mm: 20 ± 1.5.

Distance from the bottom of the float to the top cover, mm: 39-39.6.

Carburetor weight - 2.6 kg.

Maintenance of the K131A carburetor consists in periodically checking the reliability of fastening the carburetor and its individual elements, checking and adjusting the fuel level in the float chamber, adjusting the low engine speed in idle mode, checking the operation of the accelerator pump and economizer, cleaning, purging and flushing carburetor parts from resinous deposits , checking the throughput of jets.

Carburetor K126GU (dv. UMZ-417, 4218) "PEKAR" (article K126GU-1107010)

This is a vertical type carburetor with a falling fuel mixture flow with two sequentially opening chambers and two diffusers.

The design of the K126 GU carburetor includes:

Balanced float chamber;

Econostat with output to the secondary chamber by means of a sprayer;

Piston accelerator pump with a mechanical type drive;

The float mechanism with the top supply of gasoline;

Screw toxicity.

The float in the K126 GU carburetor is brass, brazed. The starting device is a manually operated air damper with a starting spring.

The K126 GU carburetor is used to complete the motors of the UMZ-417 and UMZ-4218 models. It is fundamentally identical to the K151V model, however, it is structurally simpler: there is no EPHX system and a float chamber ventilation valve.

Carburetor K126 GU equipped with two chambers for mixing the air-fuel mixture at once. After turning the ignition key, fuel begins to form in the first chamber, then, with an increase in torque, in the second. Various elements of the system pass a strictly limited amount of liquid fuel and air to create an air-fuel mixture in the right amount.

If the engine at maximum speed requires an increased mixture content, then the economizer is activated. The solenoid valve increases the air flow through the constantly open air damper, which provides a richer mixture for the engine.

For the K126 GU carburetor, there are optimal performance indicators:

The level of liquid fuel in the tank of the float chamber must be below the upper limit by 18.5–21.5 mm; if the level is higher, it is permissible to bend the float bracket;

The gaps between the air dampers and the carburetor body should not exceed 0.2 mm;

After assembly, fuel should not leak from the connections and connectors;

The minimum allowable idle speed of the crankshaft should not be less than 400 rpm;

During the transition of the engine from one mode to another, there should be no jerks and failures.

ADJUSTMENT PROCESS K126 GU

Adjustment may be required to eliminate some carburetor malfunctions or to tune for greater performance on the following parameters:

Stability in the operation of the accelerator pump;

Setting a new minimum idle value;

Quality control of fasteners in the carburetor;

Reducing fuel consumption in different operating modes;

Increase / decrease the specified fuel level in the float chamber;

Checking the effectiveness of the economizer operation;

Adjustment of throughput of jets.

Fuel consumption regulation

There are two small quality screws on the carburetor body. Each of them controls the supply of a high-quality fuel mixture to the engine cylinders. And on the side of the throttle valve actuator there is one separately located screw - the quantity screw, which is responsible for the required amount of fuel supplied to the power unit.

The procedure for adjusting the flow rate of the fuel mixture involves the use of these screws in the following sequence:

1. On a cold engine, tighten the quality screws as far as they will go.

2. After that, unscrew each of them exactly three turns.

3. Start the car and wait until the engine reaches its operating temperature.

4. After that, by tightening the quantity screw, set the motor speed to about 600 rpm.

5. Start tightening the quality screw of the first chamber until there are obvious interruptions in the operation of the motor (it will not have enough fuel).

6. After the first failure, turn the quality screw back about 1/8 of a turn (make sure the motor runs smoothly).

7. Make exactly the same adjustment with the quality screw on the second combustion chamber.

8. Then, using the quantity screw, set the required idle speed, the indicators of which stood before (usually 900–1100 rpm).

Idle speed adjustment process should be made with a throttle stop screw and a screw that regulates the level of toxicity. It must be remembered that UAZ requires fine tuning. Screw in the toxicity level screw until it stops, and then unscrew it one and a half turns. After starting the engine, it is necessary to bring the level of toxicity to normal.

FAULTS OF THE K126 GU CARBURETOR

The K126 GU carburetor has its own characteristic faults. As a rule, all of them are connected with the fact that, for a number of reasons, the throughput of the jets is reduced, the resource of the accelerator pump is exhausted, or gaps appear during the operation of the throttle valves. In addition, as in any other carburetor, in the K126 GU, an unbalanced idle operation can also be fixed, due to which the engine may flood or lack fuel.

The obvious reasons that certain malfunctions appeared in the K126 GU carburetor are:

A sharp increase in the amount of liquid fuel consumed;

At high speeds, the engine runs jerkily, intermittently;

There were difficulties with starting the engine;

Uneven operating noise and increased vibration during movement;

Black exhaust smoke when accelerating quickly or when braking.

JETS IN K126 GU

According to their function, the jets are plugs with several holes of a clearly calibrated diameter. Air or liquid fuel enters through these holes, which ensures the timely formation of the air-fuel mixture. Jets due to the use of low-quality gasoline can become clogged, due to which the engine will lack fuel.

The main feature of the K126 GU carburetor is that all jets, regardless of their installation location, can be cleaned without dismantling. That is, in order to eliminate blockages in the holes, it will not be necessary to completely disassemble the carburetor, since the jets are removed individually from the body of the device.

REMOVAL AND DISASSEMBLY OF THE K126GU CARBURETOR

The procedure for removing the carburetor mechanism is not particularly difficult. All hoses and lines connected to it are disconnected from the assembly, after which the nuts are unscrewed, with which it is connected to the intake manifold housing. Once the nuts are removed, the carburetor is carefully removed from the studs along with the gasket.

A more complicated procedure is disassembling the device into components. The main purpose of disassembly is to flush the internal cavities of the carburetor, as well as to replace worn out or exhausted parts. It must be remembered that the disassembly of the carburetor is possible only after a thorough cleaning of its body and external parts. For these purposes, it is recommended to use a special cleaner for carburetors.

Disassembly order K126 GU:

1. Unpin the fastenings of the lever rod.

2. Remove the end of the low-speed rod from the opened hole.

3. Remove the seven small screws that secure the float chamber cover.

4. Gently lift the cover and remove it. Under it is a gasket, you need to try not to damage it at the time of removing the cover.

5. Pull out the float axis and the float element itself from the chamber cavity.

6. Together with the spring, the needle of the fuel valve is also pulled out.

7. If there is a need, then you need to remove the air damper after unscrewing the two screws of its fasteners. After that, the screw fixing the bushing of the drive lever is unscrewed. The damper is pulled out without separating it from the lever and return spring.

9. The next step is to disassemble the float chamber itself. All components of the camera are carefully disconnected from each other and pulled out in a strictly vertical position.

10. After that, you will need to unscrew the plugs located on the outside of the carburetor body: this is the only way to remove the jets of the first and second internal combustion chambers.

12. Only the diffuser and the mixing section of the float chamber remain in the carburetor cavity. It is strictly forbidden to press out small diffusers from the carburetor, since their reverse installation in the desired position is almost impossible.

Cleaning procedure

The formation of soot is characteristic, first of all, for three elements of the K126 GU type carburetor:

fuel jets;

Air damper;

- capacity of the float chamber.

Each of these elements, after disassembly, is subjected to a washing, cleaning and purging procedure using various technologies.

Jets require a special approach, since the slightest change in their surface and the calibration of holes can cause unstable operation of the power unit. It is forbidden to wash the surface of the plugs. It is recommended to clean from dirt and carbon deposits with a toothpick or copper wire, trying to contact the metal surface as little as possible.

After cleaning, it is necessary to purge the jet with compressed air from a can or through a compressor unit.

air damper unpretentious in care - it can be put together with other metal parts of the carburetor in a container with solvent 642 and soaked for two hours. After that, it is required to dry the damper well and blow through to remove carbon deposits from the surface.

float chamber it is quickly cleaned of soot, since you can pour a cleaner for carburetors into it and leave the liquid for an hour and a half. After that, with a soft, lint-free cloth, you will need to wipe the chamber cavity to remove any remaining cleaner. You can also additionally blow out the internal surfaces with a can of compressed air.

Replacing the carburetor gasket

It is necessary to change the K126 GU gasket if it has mechanical damage of any kind: cracks, tears, holes. The gasket serves as the only element between the carburetor and the intake manifold and performs two important functions:

Establishes a quality connection between two units;

Removes excess heat.

Replacing the K126 GU carburetor gasket is not particularly difficult: before installing the carburetor device on the manifold studs, you must first lay a new gasket. The use of sealant or silicone is unacceptable, since when the temperature rises while driving, it will leak and can clog the holes in the carburetor.

The carburetor mechanism is mounted on the gasket and fastened with nuts to the intake manifold cavity. The gasket also serves to reduce friction between the two metal surfaces, reduction of vibration and noise in operating modes.

ASSEMBLY AND INSTALLATION OF THE K126 GU CARBURETOR

The assembly order of K126 GU usually causes more difficulties than disassembly. The elements of the carburetor must be assembled in a clear order, otherwise it will be impossible to achieve stable operation of the motor.

Assembly is carried out as follows:

1. An economizer and an idle jet are installed in the cavity of the float chamber. The economizer is screwed on.

2. The fuel and air jets of the two combustion chambers are screwed in from the outside of the carburetor body and screwed in until they stop.

3. The internal cavity of the float chamber is filled in the reverse order. It should be borne in mind that the float should swing as freely as possible on its axis, while the stroke of the needle should reach a value of at least 1.5 mm.

4. The filter is installed and fixed with a stopper.

5. The air damper assembly is connected to the work site.

6. The valve needle and return spring are inserted.

7. The carburetor cover is closed by screwing each of the seven screws until it stops.

8. A low-speed thrust is set, and its fasteners are cottered.

The installation of the carburetor in the car is carried out as follows: first, a gasket is mounted on the studs, after which the device itself is inserted. Nuts are strung on the studs and wrapped until they stop.

Next, you need to connect all the hoses and fuel lines. First of all, the fuel supply pipe is connected, then the hose to the "return". After that, the connection of auxiliary elements can be made in any order.

The modern automotive industry equips cars with electronic fuel injection, the injector serves as a system upgrade. The carburetor to 126 k seemed to have lived its life, but even now it is possible to meet a car of this type. The carburetor k 126 k is installed on UAZ-452 cars, the components and assemblies of which are famous for their reliability and durability. Carburetor engines are distinguished by facilitated maintenance, poor car service conditions.

General technical description and carburetor device for 126 k

Carburetor units were installed on domestic-made cars for a long time. The main structure is similar to systems used in other car brands. The carburetor 126 of the model range, due to balanced tuned units, stably and efficiently loads fuel into the engine combustion chambers. General device is a two-chamber unit with an opening sequence system.

Carburetor K-126 scheme and device: 1. Mixing chamber. 2. Mixture quality screw. 3. Vacuum regulator opening. 4. Throttle actuator lever. 5. Screw the amount of mixture. 6. The diffuser is large. 7. Diffuser small. 8. Air damper axis. 9. Choke spring. 10. Cover of the float chamber. 11. Air damper. 12. Accelerator pump sprayer. 13. Fuel jet idling. 14. Body of the float chamber. 15. Viewing window. 16. Throttle valve. 17. Housing fixing screw. 18. Cover screw. 19. Economizer atomizer. 20. Accelerator pump drive. 21. Main air jet. 22. Filter plug. 23. Emulsion tube. 24. Accelerator pump piston. 25. Drive link. 26. The axis of the secondary throttle. 27. Guide bushing. 28. Main fuel jet.

The description of the operation of the chambers is based on the engine load, under stable operating conditions, fuel is supplied only through the first chamber, maximum loads require the opening of the secondary chamber. The location of the dosing units of the carburetor to 126 in the cover and body of the unit performs the functions of supplying fuel to the combustion chamber. The material for the manufacture of carburetors is usually used from aluminum alloys, it is less susceptible to corrosive processes and is resistant to elevated temperatures.

float chamber

The chamber body consists of the constituent elements for the operation of the carburetor. Diffusers are used to supply ready mix directly into the cylinders, the accelerator pump drive and the needle are responsible for supplying fuel when the engine is fully loaded. Idling mechanisms, economizers are responsible for stable operation in the twentieth, when accelerating the car.

Carburetor float chamber: 1. Fuel filter 2. Fuel valve 3. Float.

The device and repair of the carburetor to 126 consists in such a way that a simple replacement of jets is possible without completely removing the unit from the engine. The idle jet is located on the outer part to the 126g carburetor. The air damper is located in the cover of the unit, in close proximity to the automatic valves. The damper is connected to the throttle gas actuator for cold start operation of the engine.

The float system works due to the mechanism fixed on the carburetor cover to 126g. The system is responsible for controlling the amount of fuel to the carburetor for even engine operation under all types of load. The float is made of sheet brass steel, needle valve.

Operating principle

The main body of the k126n system consists of two fuel mixing chambers. Idle speed adjustment is made by screws on the outside of the case for faster, more convenient adjustment. Transition holes, located in tandem with adjustment systems, serve for accurate operation of the dosing system.

Parameters of dosing elements of carburetors

Options	Modifications of carburetors
Options	K126D	K12611	K126E	K126B	K135
Large diffuser diameter, mm	21	23	27	27	27
Mixing chamber diameter, mm	34	34	34	34	34
Main fuel jets, cm³ / min.	160	180	255	330	310
Main air jets, mm, cm³/min.	280	180	143	on	125
Idling fuel jets, mm, cm³/min.	50	00,6	75	on	90
Idle air jets, mm, cm³ / min.	300	470	315	420	600
Economizer nozzle, mm	00,7	00,75	00,75	00,7	00,75
Accelerator pump atomizer, mm	00,6	00,6	00,6	00,6	00,6
Membrane chamber jets: air, cm³/min. vacuum cm³/min.				45 310	60 250
Performance of the accelerating pump for K) full strokes, cm³	>12

The device performs work due to air braking. All units k126gm, responsible for stable start-up, operation at any load, are located in the first mixing chamber. The economizer and its needle are located in the air nozzle of the second chamber, equipped with a spray for greater effect.

Features of the accelerator pump and idle system

The accelerator pump is used to supply fuel to the engine when the car is fully loaded. At the moment of fully pressing the accelerator pedal, a special system, consisting of a piston in the cylinder, begins to pump fuel, transfers it to the combustion chamber. The economizer drive mechanism is also responsible for fuel supply, but it works in a relatively different way.

All cars of this kind are equipped with an idle system, including carburetors of the 126 gu series installed on UAZ - loaf and GAZ. It allows you to keep even speed in the absence of load, save fuel. The adjusting screw is responsible for the quality of the mixture at any load, the carburetor setting to 126 k is done with extreme caution.

Carburetor Maintenance

During operation, the carburetor to 126, like any other vehicle component, requires maintenance. The device must be clean, dust or dirt particles can interfere with the operation of the k126gu carburetor device, adjustment will be needed at the most inopportune moment. Washing of the device parts is carried out as they get dirty, for the purpose of prevention.

Cleaning and flushing of the unit is carried out in accordance with the terms established by the maintenance regulations. The carburetor to 126 k must be checked at the first sign of its malfunction, increased fuel consumption, reduced recoil when loading, engine jerking at idle.

Complete cleaning requires disassembly of the 126g carburetor, requires removal of the body air filter, disconnect the fuel supply hoses, drive cable, vacuum accelerator hose of the ignition system. After dismantling, the cold engine fuel supply unit, the float chamber cover are disassembled.

Cleaning of the body, systems is carried out with chemicals common in car dealerships, or with a combustible mixture. It is forbidden to work with metal objects, as there is a possibility of damaging the fuel channels or expanding the holes.

When working, you should pay attention to several parameters:

The alignment of the jets is carried out by dismantling, by measuring with a pre-made metal rod of the desired diameter;
Checking the fit of the dampers to the body, with full traction force, there should be no gaps between the walls;
Fuel level in the float chamber. The movement of the float must be unhindered. The tightness of the float is checked in a water bath; after repair, the weight should be from 12 to 15 grams.

It should be understood that clogging of the k126n system occurs due to the use of low-quality fuel or filter elements. Therefore, after the cleaning procedure, it is necessary to replace all fuel filters, air system k126gm, adjust the valves with your own and hands.

Signs of a malfunction of the unit may be a combination of reasons or poor quality Maintenance. Before repairs are made, adjustment of the k126g carburetor, ignition system components, candles, armor-piercing wires are checked. The reasons for the poor performance of fuel loading can be caused by a violation of the adjustment of mechanisms by an illiterate specialist, worn seals, clogging of channels or an air jet.

The main symptoms of a malfunction are listed below:

The engine does not start, fuel overflow occurs due to the high level of the float chamber (level not adjusted).
The motor does not start the first time, wipes and stalls. The carburetor for 126 has a filter that is clogged, the quality of the mixture is not acceptable and is not adjusted.
A lean mixture or a low level of gasoline in the float chamber are the causes of misfires, failures during the operation of the engine cylinders.
Floating speed and dips at idle let you know about a clogged jet XX, or a lean mixture.
A decrease in power during loading indicates a clogged fuel jet, a lean mixture.
Increased fuel consumption is usually caused by improper adjustment of the load limit of the power unit's fuel delivery unit.

Of course, it is impossible to speak with confidence about the malfunction of the k126g carburetor installed on the UAZ, the device of which fails with the above signs. It is important to set up and check the engine, the entire fuel line, the ignition system is being finalized with your own hands. Prevention, checking the condition and adjusting the carburetor and k126g units on the UAZ will never be an extra procedure.

Proper tuning of all carburetor systems to 126 k

Before you set up the needle with your own hands, you need to check the tightness of the connections and the connection of all underwater hoses. The required fuel level in the float chamber is set by the float level. A car standing on a flat surface warms up to operating temperature, after that it is turned off and the level is checked, it should be from 17.5 to 21 mm.

The applicability of tuning and setting up cold start units occurs without unnecessary tools, it is enough to connect the damper and drive levers in the correct sequence. The check is made by pulling the choke handle out of the passenger compartment to the maximum level, if in this case the air damper completely blocks the chamber, and opens in a relaxed position, then the k126n system is working properly. Carburetor to 126 k requires setting the idle speed according to the scheme.

At the operating temperature of the engine, it is necessary to set the number of revolutions at idle, which should be 500 per minute, upward deviations are allowed during operation in the winter.

Adjustment of the carburetor to 126 and idle parameters is as follows:

The adjustment screw for the quality of the mixture setting is screwed in until it stops, and then it is unscrewed by 2.5 turns;
The engine warms up to operating temperature, the speed is adjusted by the throttle opening angle;
Checking the adjustment results is done by sharply pressing the gas pedal, the engine should not stall, there is a smooth drop in speed.

Adjustment is not particularly difficult and does not require the cost of tools and special tools. It is for this reason that the automobile plant produces carbureted k126gm cars that are used under difficult conditions, remote from car service services. Compliance with the frequency of maintenance will make it possible to operate the car for a long time without critical breakdowns.

Cars with carburetor engines are gradually becoming a thing of the past, and there are fewer and fewer such cars, but since there are still many such cars on the roads of Russia, spare parts for them are in regular demand. The K126 carburetor is also not forgotten by motorists, it is a two-chamber device that provides a high-quality air-fuel mixture in the required proportion, is highly reliable and unpretentious, and with proper care it lasts a long time.

Under the brand name K126, the Russian industry has produced and is producing several various modifications, such as K126B, K126V, K126I, K126N, K126G, K126GM. Carburettors of this brand can be installed on Volga cars GAZ-24, GAZ-21, IZH, Moskvich, GAZ-53 and GAZ-3307 trucks, PAZ buses, UAZ SUVs different models. The carburetor assembly (KU) cannot be called too simple device, but many car owners disassemble, assemble, clean and adjust this unit with their own hands.

K126 carburetor device

The 126 Series Carburetor is a downdraft fuel/air mixer equipped with all the systems for economical and efficient operation in all operating conditions. CU has the following systems:

the main dosing station, which operates constantly under all operating conditions;
idling, allowing the engine to work stably at the lowest speed, without consuming a lot of fuel;
starting, this system makes it possible to start the motor at low temperatures;
economizer, enriches the gasoline mixture at increased loads;
an accelerator pump, due to which a smooth increase in engine speed is ensured when the accelerator (gas) pedal is pressed sharply;
a float chamber that maintains a constant fuel level.

The body of the “126th” consists of three parts: in the lower part there is an axle with throttle valves, in the middle (main) part there is a float chamber with diffusers and the main mass of jets, the upper element is a cover with fasteners for installing an air filter.

The device of the K126 carburetor for trucks and cars is somewhat different: for KU for trucks, the throttle drive opens both dampers at once, for cars, the second (driven) throttle valve is activated only in high speed mode under heavy load. Also, for trucks, an additional device is provided - a speed limiter, air dampers are installed on both chambers (for cars, "air" is present only on the primary chamber). Removal and installation of the assembly on any car does not cause complications, and almost any driver (car owner) without special skills and locksmith experience can replace it.

Adjustment of carburetors K126

The main adjustment work that is carried out with the KU of the 126th model is:

idle setting;
setting the fuel level in the float chamber;
debugging the trigger mechanism (with a "cold" start);
adjustment of the piston stroke of the accelerator pump

I would like to note right away that different modifications of the “one hundred and twenty-sixth” are structurally somewhat different from each other, so adjusting the K126 carburetor for a certain brand of car may have its own specifics.

Consider, for example, debugging idle (XX) on GAZ-53 trucks with an 8-cylinder engine. Since in this car each of the two KU chambers is responsible for the operation of four cylinders, adjustment is made separately for its cylinder group. We carry out adjustment work XX as follows:

warm up the engine to working condition;
set the desired idle speed by ear with the quantity screw;
we unscrew the quality screws for the left and right groups of cylinders by about 3 turns each;
we twist the screws alternately until the engine starts to “tune” and falter, then we gradually turn them out until the operation of the internal combustion engine stabilizes.

After this setting, we check the operation of the engine on the go: if the car stalls at the moment the gas is released, you should slightly increase the speed by tightening the quantity screw.

Carburetor K126: jets, types and selection

Although all versions of the 126th series are outwardly similar to each other, they differ depending on the car model, and also differ in modifications due to the year of manufacture. So, for example, initially CUs were produced with a viewing window, later the middle body began to be made in one piece, without the ability to see how much gasoline is present in the float chamber. For each “126” model, fuel and air jets of a certain section are installed from the factory, but there are still repair kits that allow you to adjust the parameters for a specific engine size. Also, in car dealerships, you can always purchase all the parts individually, and not just as a set, and here we will look at what jets are for K126: types and methods of their selection.

Among the dosing elements that can be replaced and the parameters for the intake of the fuel-air mixture can be adjusted, it is worth noting:

large/small diffusers for both chambers;
GDS jets (main dosing system);
economizer sprayers and accelerator pump;
idle jets.

Not all car owners are satisfied with the factory parameters of carburetors, the main reasons for the claims arising from this unit:

sluggish acceleration of the car;
dips during hard acceleration;
increased fuel consumption.

In order to somehow change the situation for the better, many drivers are trying to install larger fuel jets, and smaller air jets, use larger diameter diffusers. It is difficult to give specific advice on what is better for one or another modification of the K126, since in each case an individual approach is needed, fitting parts with subsequent testing of the car on the track. interesting information you can always learn from various forums, and on the net you can find tables with the parameters of dosing elements for many modifications of the "126s".

One more very important point should not be forgotten: the installation of fuel jets with an increased cross section inevitably leads to an enrichment of the fuel mixture, air ones to depletion, therefore such parts usually change in pairs. Replacing the small diffuser of the primary chamber in passenger car carburetors with a more productive one often gives a positive effect (increased dynamics, more stable engine operation), but these elements of a suitable size can not always be found on sale. In such cases, craftsmen saw, join parts of the prefabricated diffuser, and adjust it in place.

Fuel level in the K126 carburetor

On the 126th models of the old model, the body of the float chamber was equipped with a viewing window, by which it was very easy to determine the level of gasoline (visually - filling with gasoline by 2/3).

The carburetor units of the new model do not have this window, and since the fuel level mark in the K126 carburetor is located outside the body, and the fuel is inside the chamber, it is almost impossible to make sure that the float mechanism is correctly adjusted without dismantling the top cover. But there is a fairly simple way to determine the level without disassembling the carburetor, and it is also not required to remove the assembly.

Consider how you can find out the gasoline level using the example of the K135 model (a complete analogue of the K126, which is installed on GAZ-53/3307/66 trucks):

If the level is more or less than the prescribed norm, it must be changed. To do this, dismantle the air filter assembly with the housing, unscrew the screws and remove the carburetor cover, bend the float tongue in the right direction and check again how much fuel is in the chamber, repeat the operation if necessary.

K126 carburetor tuning, tuning

Models of the 126th series are characterized by a fairly high reliability and unpretentiousness, but they have their own typical "illnesses" and often require refinement (tuning). One of the main problems of this type of KU is high “gluttony”, if nothing is done with the carburetor, it can consume a lot of fuel, failures are also not uncommon when accelerating the car, jamming the dampers when you press the gas pedal.

One of the settings of the K126 carburetor is the refinement of the throttle block, the accelerator pedal sticking occurs due to inaccurate processing in the connection of the rods of the primary and secondary chambers (relevant for cars). So that the rods do not jam, burrs and irregularities are removed at the place of their connection, and then the dampers begin to turn smoothly, without any jerks.

Other improvements used for the "126s" are the replacement of the cuff of the accelerator pump, which is taken from the repair kit for a similar type of Japanese carburetor, the idle needle (quality screw) is replaced with Weber. The imported cuff fits more tightly to the walls of the accelerator pump cylinder, thereby ensuring high injection performance, and the XX needle replaced with an imported one allows you to more accurately adjust the minimum speed of the internal combustion engine.

Japanese-made jets, suitable in size and parameters, compare favorably with domestic parts high precision production, and imported needles of the shut-off valve guarantee a stable level of fuel in the float chamber, preventing overflow, sticking and other troubles (suitable for some Mercedes models). If there is a significant air leak, the upper and lower surfaces of the main body are processed (polished).

Modifications of K126 carburetors

Carburettors of the 126th series have been produced for more than a decade, the first models were manufactured at the Leningrad plant (Lenkarz), later renamed PECAR. They began to be used on GAZ-53 and GAZ-66 trucks starting in 1964 (K126B), in 1977 the GAZ-52-03 was equipped with the K126I model, the Lawn 52-04 began to be equipped with K126E. The K126D version was also developed for Lawns and PAZ buses, later GAZ trucks began to be equipped with a K135 carburetor, which, in fact, is an analogue of the "one hundred and twenty-sixth".

Modification K126P was intended for four-cylinder MZMA engines, was used on Moskvich-408 cars, production began in 1965. Modification K126N was already used on Moskvich-412, for Volga 24 and 24-10 K126G and K126GM (modernized version of G) were intended, and for cars with gas equipment - K126S. The model used regularly on UAZs is the K126GU version (dv. UMZ-417), often the owners of UAZs put the Volgovsky G or GM carburetor.

In fact, many variants of the "126s" are interchangeable, they differ mainly in the lower part of the housing ("sole"), the upper cover (different mount for the air filter housing). Of course, each of the carburetor units is equipped with its own jets, but they can be easily changed. The only thing that cannot be done is to install a truck carburetor on a car, as well as in the reverse order, here they already have significant differences.

It would seem that the era of carburetor cars has long passed, but no, these cars still travel on our roads and at the same time “feel” quite confident. One of these cars is the UAZ-452, better known by the nicknames "Loaf", "Baton", "Pill".

"Loaves" from the first day of their release were equipped with carburetors such as K-126, K-129 and their modifications. This continued until 1985, when the car was completely modernized. Simultaneously with the new, more powerful engines, the K-131 and K-151 carburetors, as well as their numerous improved versions, began to be installed on the UAZ-452.

But the simplest, most reliable and maintainable of them was the K-126 carburetor, which, among other things, was the most economical. If the engine with K-131 and K-151 consumed an average of 15–17 liters of gasoline per hundred kilometers, then K-126 allowed saving 3–4 liters. All the latest models of UAZ-452 carburetors are interchangeable, except that the K-126 requires an additional gasket between its “fifth” and the intake pipe.

The K-126 line is a generation of carburetors produced by the Lenkars plant (Leningrad), which later became the famous Pekar. The first two-chamber K-126 models were manufactured in 1964 for the new ZMZ-53 engine, which replaced the obsolete GAZ-51.

How the K-126G carburetor works

The carburetor consists of three main elements:

throttle assembly (housings of mixing chambers);
float chamber;
covers.

K-126G has two chambers for mixing fuel with air. The first works in all modes, and the second - only at high loads, when the first throttle opens more than 2/3 of the stroke.

In the cover of the device there is an air damper with a drive mechanism, as well as a float mechanism. The float chamber contains diffusers, fuel and air jets, an accelerator pump, and emulsion tubes. The dampers (one in each chamber) and adjusting screws are mounted in the throttle assembly. In addition, there is a through hole for the idle system, as well as channels for air and fuel.

The K-126G design includes the following systems:

cold start;
idle move;
dosage.

It also has the following nodes and mechanisms:

float mechanism (float, float axis, needle valve);
economizer (valve, atomizer, drive mechanism);
accelerator pump (piston, inlet and outlet valves, drive mechanism).

Numerical designations for the K-126G carburetor circuit

Accelerator pump.
The main air jet of the secondary chamber.
Small diffuser of the secondary chamber.
balancing channel.
Economizer diffuser.
Air damper.
Accelerator pump sprayer.
Discharge (exhaust) valve.
Rocker mechanism of the air damper.
Idle air jet.
Small diffuser of the primary chamber.
The main air jet of the primary chamber.
Fuel valve.
Fuel filter.
Float.
Observation window.
Drain plug.
The main fuel jet of the primary chamber.
Emulsion tube of the primary chamber.
Throttle actuator lever.
Throttle valve of the primary chamber.
Idle passage hole.
Mixture adjustment screw.
Idle fuel jet.
Throttle valve of the secondary chamber.
Large diffuser.
Emulsion tube of the secondary chamber.
The main fuel jet of the secondary chamber.
Non-return (inlet) valve.

Signs of a malfunctioning carburetor

Like any other mechanical device, a carburetor cannot work flawlessly all the time. The reasons for this may be:

clogging of jets and channels;
wear of gaskets or seals;
violation of the regulation of systems and mechanisms.

Symptoms that the carburetor is running in emergency mode include:

unstable idling (floating speed);
inability to start or complicated start-up of the power unit;
reduction in engine power;
jerks when starting from a place, as well as failures during acceleration;
increase in fuel consumption;
detonation.

Naturally, the above signs may indicate other problems in the fuel or ignition system, but flushing, cleaning and adjusting the carburetor will not harm it in any way.

How to determine a possible malfunction

For determining possible malfunction carburetor, use the table.

Table: the main malfunctions of the K-126G carburetor

Maintenance of the K-126G carburetor

Maintenance of the device is reduced to its cleaning and adjustment. As for the frequency of such work, it should be carried out at least once a year, as well as when signs of a malfunction of the device are detected.

Carburetor cleaning involves the following activities:

external cleaning of dirt, dust, oil deposits of the throttle assembly, float chamber housing and cover;
flushing and purging jets, atomizer, fuel filter, emulsion tubes, holes and channels of the device;
air and throttle valve cleaning.

Adjusting the carburetor involves setting:

fuel level in the float chamber;
cold start systems;
idle systems.

For a complete maintenance, the carburetor is recommended to be removed from the engine and disassembled.

Dismantling the carburetor K-126G

set of wrenches;
Screwdriver Set;
clean dry cloth.

Work order:

Remove the air filter from the carburetor. Depending on the modification of the engine and the car itself, it may have a different design and different mountings. Usually it is attached with a rubber hose and a clamp.

Removing the float chamber cover and disconnecting the throttle assembly

In order to disassemble the device, it is necessary to disconnect the cover from the body of the float chamber, and then the body of the mixing chambers.

Work order:

We unpin the upper end of the economizer drive rod. Disconnect the traction.
Using a screwdriver, unscrew the 7 screws securing the cover to the body of the float chamber.

Do not put the cover with the float down: the adjustment of the float mechanism will be disturbed.

The throttle assembly of the carburetor is disconnected from the body of the float chamber by unscrewing 4 screws (the caps are at the bottom).

Video: disassembly of the K-126G carburetor

Carburetor cleaning

In order to clean the carburetor, you must:

Unscrew the plug and remove the strainer.

Carburetor assembly

After cleaning, the device can be assembled. Before this, it is worth assessing the condition of the gaskets, and if necessary, replace them. The assembly of the device is carried out in the reverse order, i.e., first all the small parts that have been cleaned are put in place, and then the float chamber is connected to the body of the mixing chambers. The lid is screwed on last.

Mounting the device

After completing the assembly, install the carburetor on the engine. Pay attention to the condition of the gasket and the orientation of the device. Do not turn the gasket over to eliminate the deformation. Better to replace it right away.

When tightening the device mounting nuts, do not overdo it. Using excessive force, you can strip the threads on the studs, as well as deform the mating plane of the carburetor.

After installation, hoses (fuel and vacuum) are connected, and the air damper cable and throttle control rod are connected.

Setting up the K-126G carburetor

First of all, the float mechanism is adjusted. It allows you to set the required level of gasoline in the chamber. Work order:

The car is parked on a level surface.
We start the power unit and warm it up to operating temperature.
We turn off the engine and use a ruler to measure the level of gasoline in the float chamber. Measurements are made through a special window. The level should be between 18.0–20.5 mm.
If the level does not correspond to these indicators, remove the cover of the float chamber and bend the tongue of the float in one direction or another. At the same time, we achieve that the distance from its upper plane to the plane of the camera connector is 40–41 mm.

After that, you can start setting up the cold start system. The main element here is a semi-automatic damper that shuts off the air supply. Its mechanism is connected by means of rods and levers to the primary chamber damper drive mechanism and automatically opens it at the desired angle when it is launched.

The damper should be fully open when the control handle is depressed, and closed when extended. If it closes and does not open completely, you need to adjust its position by correcting the length of the rod. After adjustment, make sure that the cable moves freely and does not jam.

The final step in the adjustment is to set the idle speed of the engine. It is carried out by turning a screw that regulates the opening angle of the throttle valve of the primary mixing chamber, as well as another screw that regulates the enrichment and depletion of the combustible mixture.

The number of revolutions of the crankshaft of the power unit, idling at an operating temperature of 80-900C, should be 450-550 rpm.

Idle speed adjustment is carried out using a tachometer. If the design of the car does not provide for such a device, you can use a car tester with its function, or an autonomous tachometer. The positive probe of the device is connected to the “K” terminal of the ignition coil, and the negative probe is connected to the “mass” of the machine.

Idle speed adjustment procedure:

We connect the tachometer.
Without starting the engine, we completely wrap the mixture adjustment screw, but do not clamp it, and then unscrew it 2.5 turns.
We start the power unit, warm it up to a temperature of 80–90 0 С, and set the minimum speed with the screw that regulates the throttle opening angle.
With the quality screw, we set the speed at 600 rpm.
We check whether the engine does not stall and does not “choke” when you sharply press the accelerator pedal.
With the first screw, we reduce the speed to 450–550 rpm.

Video: installation and adjustment of the K-126G carburetor

As you can see, adjusting the K-126G carburetor is not particularly difficult and can be done in your own garage. For more precise tuning with checking the level of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases, you can contact a car service station.

Carburetor k 126 k and its modifications

General technical description and carburetor device for 126 k

Carburetor units were installed on domestic-made cars for a long time. The main structure is similar to systems used in other car brands. The carburetor 126 of the model range, due to balanced tuned units, stably and efficiently loads fuel into the engine combustion chambers. The general device is a two-chamber unit with an opening sequence system.

float chamber

The chamber body consists of the constituent elements for the operation of the carburetor. Diffusers are used to supply the finished mixture directly to the cylinders, the accelerator pump drive and the needle are responsible for supplying fuel when the engine is fully loaded. Idling mechanisms, economizers are responsible for stable operation in the twentieth, when accelerating the car.

Carburetor float chamber: 1. Fuel filter 2. Fuel valve 3. Float.

Operating principle

Parameters of dosing elements of carburetors

Features of the accelerator pump and idle system

Carburetor Maintenance

For complete cleaning, it is required to dismantle the 126 g carburetor, it is required to remove the air filter housing, disconnect the fuel supply hoses, drive cables, and the hose of the vacuum accelerator of the ignition system. After dismantling, the cold engine fuel supply unit, the float chamber cover are disassembled.

When working, you should pay attention to several parameters:

The alignment of the jets is carried out by dismantling, by measuring with a pre-made metal rod of the desired diameter;
Checking the fit of the dampers to the body, with full traction force, there should be no gaps between the walls;
Fuel level in the float chamber. The movement of the float must be unhindered. The tightness of the float is checked in a water bath; after repair, the weight should be from 12 to 15 grams.

It should be understood that clogging of the k126n system occurs due to the use of low-quality fuel or filter elements. Therefore, after the cleaning procedure, it is necessary to replace all the filters of the fuel, air system k126gm, adjust the valves with your own and hands.

The main malfunctions of the carburetor

Signs of a unit failure may be a combination of causes or poor maintenance. Before repairs are made, adjustment of the k126g carburetor, ignition system components, candles, armor-piercing wires are checked. The reasons for the poor performance of fuel loading can be caused by a violation of the adjustment of mechanisms by an illiterate specialist, worn seals, clogging of channels or an air jet.

The main symptoms of a malfunction are listed below:

The engine does not start, fuel overflow occurs due to the high level of the float chamber (level not adjusted).
The motor does not start the first time, wipes and stalls. The carburetor for 126 has a filter that is clogged, the quality of the mixture is not acceptable and is not adjusted.
A lean mixture or a low level of gasoline in the float chamber are the causes of misfires, failures during the operation of the engine cylinders.
Floating speed and dips at idle let you know about a clogged jet XX, or a lean mixture.
A decrease in power during loading indicates a clogged fuel jet, a lean mixture.
Increased fuel consumption is usually caused by improper adjustment of the load limit of the power unit's fuel delivery unit.

Proper tuning of all carburetor systems to 126 k

At the operating temperature of the engine, it is necessary to set the number of revolutions at idle, which should be 500 per minute, upward deviations are allowed during operation in the winter.

Adjustment of the carburetor to 126 and idle parameters is as follows:

The adjustment screw for the quality of the mixture setting is screwed in until it stops, and then it is unscrewed by 2.5 turns;
The engine warms up to operating temperature, the speed is adjusted by the throttle opening angle;
Checking the adjustment results is done by sharply pressing the gas pedal, the engine should not stall, there is a smooth drop in speed.

Carburetor K-126: description, device, replacement and recommendations

Carburettors of the 126th series are a whole generation of units that were produced by the Leningrad plant "Lenkars", then renamed "Pekar". The K-126 carburetor and its modifications were produced for about 40 years. For the first time, these devices appeared along with the new ZMZ-53 engine. Such engines came to replace the famous GAZ-51 and single-chamber carburetors for them.

Facts from history

Since 1968, PAZ-672 models began to be produced at the Pavlovsk Bus Plant. In the seventies, modification 3201 came off the assembly line, and then 3205. The engine in these buses was similar to that used earlier in trucks. However, the motors were equipped additional elements. As for the power system, no changes were made to it, therefore, carburetors from the 126 series were also used here.
But it was impossible to immediately switch to new power units due to the appearance in 1966 of the GAZ-52, in which a six-cylinder engine was installed. In 1977, the single-chamber carburetor on this engine was replaced with a K-126 carburetor. Later, an almost exact copy of the K-126 appeared - K-135. Now carburetors of the 126th family are practically not used on PAZ buses with ZMZ engines. But they didn't go completely out of service. And in this regard, the owners have questions that need to be answered. The fact is that the 126th series was installed on the Volga, as well as on the UAZ. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the device of these nodes, the main malfunctions, and how to configure them.

Brief description of the device

The K-126 carburetor is the base model for many UAZ and GAZ models. Like a huge mass of other similar units, this model is equipped with two mixing chambers - primary and secondary. The design also includes an air damper. Each of the mixing chambers is equipped with a separate dosing system. The carburetors are equipped with an accelerator pump and a system that ensures stable operation of the engine at idle. Also, the devices are equipped with an economizer.

Through the use of all these systems, the engine can operate efficiently in different modes. When the device is fully operational, it prepares the optimal fuel mixture, on which the engine can run as stably and with full efficiency. The carburetor is equipped with a system that facilitates starting a cold power unit and the function of starting the engine after a recent stop. Structurally, the 126 carburetor on the UAZ is a two-chamber unit with two diffusers and chambers with a system for their sequential opening.

Device

So, this unit has two chambers - primary and secondary. The first is activated in all engine operating modes. The unit uses the secondary chamber if the load on the motor is high or maximum. In order for the engine to work without failures and interruptions, the K-126 carburetor includes various main metering systems. These elements are located in the cover, as well as directly inside the body of the primary and secondary chambers.

The float system, together with the cover for it, is made of zinc-based alloy by casting. The material for the production of carburetor mixing chambers are aluminum-based alloys. The chamber cover is connected to the float through a cardboard seal.

Float

The chamber housing contains two large and two small diffusers. Additionally, there are two main fuel and air jets and emulsion tubes in the amount of two units. There is also an idle jet, an economizer system and an accelerator pump along with a drive. The parts by which the fuel is sprayed into the cylinders are located in small diffusers in each of the carburetor chambers. The diffuser is installed in the chamber by pressing. Additionally, there is a window in the float chamber. Through it it is convenient to observe the level of gasoline inside and the operation of the mechanism.

Each jet (no matter if it is fuel or air) is equipped with special plugs. They facilitate access to the jets without the need to dismantle the unit. The idle jet can be completely unscrewed from the outside. It is located on the outside of the carburetor.

Directly in the chamber cover there is an air damper together with a drive, as well as automatic valves. The latter can be seen above the first fuel mixing chamber. The damper actuator is in connection with the throttle shaft. This is done to make it easier to start a cold engine. When the air damper opens, the throttle will also open. In this case, the opening angle will be such that the crankshaft can rotate at a sufficient number of revolutions for stable operation.

A mechanism is fixed on the cover of the unit, through which the float works. It is an element suspended on an axis and a needle valve responsible for supplying liquid fuel. The carburetor float is a piece of thin sheet brass. Its thickness is 0.2 mm. The needle valve is made in a collapsible form. It is a needle and a body. The seat diameter is 0.2 mm. The conical part of the needle is equipped with a sealing washer. It is made on the basis of fluorine grades of rubber.

Mixing chamber body

Shutters are located in the housing of the first and second mixing chambers. Also here you can find the adjustment elements that allow you to adjust the operation of the idle system. Nearby are the vias. They are needed in order to ensure the possibility of coordinated operation of the XX system with the dosing system in the primary chamber.

General principle of operation

The device of the K-126 carburetor shows that this unit works on the basis of air braking. During the operation of the economizer, braking is not used at all - this is how all elementary carburetors work. The system responsible for idling, as well as the accelerator pump and the starting system for starting a cold engine, are located only in the first chamber. The economizer is equipped with a separate atomizer. It can be found in the air duct on the secondary chamber.

XX system features

The carburetor 126 GU is equipped with an idle system. It consists of fuel and air jets, as well as two vias in the first mixing chamber. If you look into the bottom hole, you can find the adjusting screw.
He is responsible for the quality of the combustible mixture. Fuel jet XX is below the level of gasoline. These two systems (if they work together) can provide the engine with the ability to operate in any power mode.

Economizer

Carburetor 126 GU UAZ is also equipped with an economizer. It is a drive mechanism, as well as a sprayer. The economizer starts when the throttle is almost fully open. It should be noted that in the maximum load mode, all carburetor systems are involved, except for the economizer.

accelerator pump

It consists of a piston, a drive mechanism, and valves. The latter are of two types:

There is also an atomizer in the air pipe. The pump is actuated by the throttle and is activated when the vehicle is accelerating.

Adjustment and maintenance

In order for the carburetor to perform its functions properly, it is required to periodically service the unit. Among the lists of operations, one can single out the need to control the reliable fastening of the carburetor to the engine, control and adjust the fuel level in the float chamber. It is also recommended to periodically adjust the idle speed. During the maintenance process, the serviceability of the accelerator pump and economizer is checked. Most often, flushing and control of the throughput of jets are performed.
Adjusting the K-126 carburetor begins with setting the fuel level. This operation is carried out with the engine turned off. When manually supplying fuel, its level must be between special marks in the viewing window. Adjustments can only be made when the camera cover is removed. To change the fuel level, bend the tongue of the limiter so that the needle changes its stroke within 1.5 mm. During operation, carburetor parts wear out. Because of this, the fuel level gradually rises.

Idle setting

РљР°СЂР±СЋСЂР°С‚РѕСЂ Рљ-126Р“, Рљ-126-Р“Рњ Р°РІС‚РѕРјРѕР±РёР»СЏ “Р’РѕР”РіР°”

Rf ° Сђr ± Сћsђr ° С ° С ° С љ -1-126r "(srys. 1 ry 2)-pґrіsѓs ... ry ° ј ј јr‹ r # rґr ° ° ° Сory Рї Сarchyrѕrѕrѕrѕhrѕrѕr ° Р‚ ° Р‚ ° Р‚ ° Р‚ ° Р‚Р Sњrѕs ‹ј ј С Сarch‹ ‹‹ s нар ґ Сђ Сђ Сњ Сњ НРѕ ‹... p · p ° С ° РѓРѕРє ° r ° r ° rfѓrik ° ° Рђ Рѕ Рє ° Рє ° Рє ° РєРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕyrr Rf ° Сђr ± Сћsђr ° С ° С ° С ° РРј ‚‚ rґrіrirl ѓrјr µr µ ХРѕ ° ven ° ° ј ј ° ° ѕ ° С ± ° ѕ ° С ѕ ° С ‚° r # ° Сµ ° r # ° ° C ° Сµ ° ° r. °P±P*C‚C‹ RґRІRёRіR°С‚РµR»СЏ, РІС‚РѕСЂР°СЏ РІРєР»СЋС‡R°РµС‚СЃСЏ РІ СЂР°Р±РѕС‚Сѓ РїСЂРё Р±РѕРхР°СЊРі… RAR ° С ... (rysђrmyrјrѕrѕpѕpѕpѓrѕr »Рµ 2/3 s ... r ѕrґr ° °ѕrѕsѓsѓr ·rѕp · r ° С ° Сѓr ° РїРѕ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ є є °r ° јr ° ven‹). Rf ° Сђr ± Сћsђr ° С ° С ° С ° РРј ‚‚ ‚‚ ‚ # # С ѓ ° С‚ ° Сџr ° r ° r ° ° Rakhir ° Rasr ° Cµr ° Rїr ° Ra. ‹С‚РѕРј РїРѕР»РѕR¶РµРЅРёРё РґСЂРѕСЃСЃРµР»СЊРЅРѕР№ Р·Р°СЃР»РѕРЅРєРё РїРµСЂРІРёС‡РЅРѕР№ РєР°РјРµСЂС. R ’’ єrѕSђRASASѓRPAHRѕRRAR "R ° rirѕrrѕr # ° ° ° јr јr ‹RјRARARARYRPALLECHMAN ѕPRѕRѕP ѕP ѕP ° Р ± С" С ° ° · p ° Сѓ ° rirѕr. Rf ° Сђr ± Сћsђr ° С ° С ° С ѕ ѕ РРРРї…… С сsmar »Rirі Рі ° ° Р ± r ѕsmarn, Сѓs ѓsm № · p ° Срrѕr µr rys rye… РІСѓ С‚РѕРїР»РёРІР°, РѕР±Р»Р°РґР°РµС‚ РїСЂРµРєСЂР°СЃРЅС‹РјРё С…Р°СЂР°РєС‚РµСЂРёСЃС‚РёРєР°РјРё СЌРєРѕРЅРѕРјРёС‡РЅРѕСЃС‚Рё (РІ СЃР»СѓС‡Р°Рµ РґРѕР»Р¶РЅРѕРіРѕ СѓС…РѕРґР°). РћСЃРЅРѕРІРЅС‹Рј РЅРµРґРѕСЃС‚Р°С‚РєРѕРј СЏРІР»СЏРµС‚СЃСЏ РєРѕСЂРѕР±Р»РµРЅРёРµ РєРѕСЂРїСѓСЃР° РѕС‚ РїРµСЂРµРіСЂРµРІР° Рё С‡СЂРµР·РјРµСЂРЅРѕР№ Р·Р°С‚СЏР¶РєРё СЂРµР·СЊР±РѕРІС‹С… СЃРѕРµРґРёРЅРµРРРёР№. Rf ° Сђr ± Сћsђr ° С ° С ° С љ р-126r "r ѕpµSѓRARјRARј ° ѕ ° С ° С ° С ° С ° С ° С ° Сѓ ѕsm ѕ ° ° ѕ ° ° Сµ‚ ‚‚ sѓrir ‚Рѕ ° С ° ° Сѓr" 126Р“Рњ РЅРѕРјРёРЅР°Р»Р°РјРё Р¶РёРєР»РµСЂРѕРІ Рё РґСЂСѓРіРёРјРё РѕСЃРѕР±РµРЅРЅРѕСЃС‚СЏРјРё РїРѕСЌС‚РѕРјСѓ СЃР»РµРґСѓРµС‚ С‚С‰Р°С‚РµР»СЊРЅРѕ СЃРјРѕС‚СЂРµС‚СЊ РЅРѕРјРёРЅР°Р»С ‹ Р¶РёРєР»РµСЂРѕРІ РїСЂРё Р·Р°РјРµРЅРµ (РЎРј. РўР°Р±Р».1 Рё 2)

R'CѓRPEL ° ° ° ° Р ° Р »С‹ rfyrhyr »РµСђРѕРі Рґ р ѕ ѕ ± ± ± Рiclesѓrїrїr ‡ РРѕРѕРѕРѕ ° ° ° ° and r¶ryr ° Рј ° Р ±r · r · r · r · r · r · r · r · r · r · r, r, r · r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r ° (rm, r, r, r, r, r, r ° (rm, r lay ° (rm, r lay ° (rm, r lay ° (rm, r ol СЂР±СЋСЂР°С‚РѕСЂР° СЃРЅР°Р±Р¶РµРЅС‹ РїСЂРѕР±РєР°РјРё.
РћСЃРЅРѕРІРЅС‹Рµ СЃРёСЃС‚РµРјС‹ РєР°СЂР±СЋСЂР°С‚РѕСЂР° РґРµР№СЃС‚РІСѓСЋС‚ РїРѕ РїСЂРёРЅС†РёРїСѓ РїРЅРµРІРјР°С‚РёС‡РµСЃРєРѕРіРѕ (РІРѕР·РґСѓС€РЅРѕРіРѕ) С‚РѕСЂРјРѕР¶РµРЅРёСЏ С‚РѕРїР» РёРІР°. Rys ѓ ° # ° ° ° РРѕРѕРѕРѕРѕР ° №r · · · ° C ° ° Сђr ° Р ± ° ° ° ° C · r · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · С‚РѕСЂ. РџСЂРёРІРѕРґ РґСЂРѕСЃСЃРµР»СЊРЅРѕР№ Р·Р°СЃР»РѕРЅРєРё РІС‚РѕСЂРёС‡РЅРѕР№ РєР°РјРµСЂС‹ РїРѕРхРЅР°Р·Р°Р°Р°Р°С

РЈРїСЂР°РІР»РµРЅРёРµ РєР°СЂР±СЋСЂР°С‚РѕСЂРѕРј СЂРёСЃ.4 РѕСЃСѓС‰РµСЃС‚РІР»СЏРµС‚СЃСЏ СЃ РїРѕРјРѕС‰СЊСЋ РїРµРґР°Р»Рё СЃРѕРµРґРёРЅРµРЅРЅРѕР№ СЃРёСЃС‚РµРјРѕР№ С‚СЏРі Рё СЂС‹С‡Р °РіРѕРІ СЃ РґСЂРѕСЃСЃРµР»СЊРЅРѕР№ Р·Р°СЃР»РѕРЅРєРѕР№ РєР°СЂР±СЋСЂР°С‚РѕСЂР° Рё РєРЅРѕРїРєРѕР№, РїРѕРјРµС‰РµРЅРЅРѕР№ РЅР° С‰РёС‚РєРµ РїСЂРёР±РѕСЂРѕРІ Рё СЃРѕРµРґРёРЅРµРЅРЅРѕР№ РіРёР±РєРѕР№ С‚СЏРіРѕР№ СЃ РІРѕР·РґСѓС€РЅРѕР№ Р·Р°СЃР»РѕРЅРєРѕР№.

Р'РѕР·РґСѓС€РЅС‹Р№ С„РёР»СЊС‚СЂ (СЂРёСЃ. 5) – РёРЅРµСЂС†РёРѕРЅРЅРѕ-РјР°СЃР»СЏРЅС‹Р№, СЃ РєРѕРЅС‹РєР°Рє„СР°Рє„С СЊС‚СЂСѓСЋС‰РёРј СЌР»РµРјРµРЅС‚РѕРј, РєСЂРµРїРёС‚СЃСЏ СЃ РїРѕРјРѕС‰СЊСЋ СЃС‚СЏР¶РЅРѕРіРѕ С…РѕРјСѓС‚Р° Рё РІРёРЅС‚Р° Рє РєСЂРѕРЅС€С‚РµР№РЅСѓ, СѓСЃС‚Р°РЅРѕРІР»РµРЅРЅРѕРјСѓ РSP° РіРѕР»РѕРІРєРµ С†РёР»РёРРЅРґСЂРѕРІ. РљРѕСЂРїСѓСЃ С„РёР»СЊС‚СЂР°, РїРµСЂРµС…РѕРґРЅР°СЏ РєРѕСЂРѕР±РєР° Рё С„РёР»СЊС‚СЂСѓСЋС‰РёР№ СЌР»РµРјРµРЅС‚ РІС‹РїРѕР»РЅРµРЅС‹ РЅРµ СЂР°Р·Р±РѕСЂРЅС‹РјРё . Р' РІР°РЅРЅСѓ С„РёР»СЊС‚СЂР° Р·Р°РїСЂР°РІР»СЏРµС‚СЃСЏ 0.45

In RAR ° P ± p »RES † P ° 1. pѓPѓRѕRIRѕC‹ Rµ sђrµRISAR "RESHIRKHRARѕS ‡ RHS ° CHIRESHRѕRIRѕS ‡ RHP circa ° Сђ ° С ° С ± ° С ° С ° С‚ ° С‚ ° С‚ ° С‚ ° С‚ ° С‚ ° С‚ ° С‚ ° Сђ ° Сђ ° Сђ ° Сђ ° Сђ ° Сђ ° Сђ ° Сђ ° Сђ ° Сђ ° Сђ ° Сђ ° Сђ ° Сђ ° Сђ °. -126Р" (РґР"СЏ RєРѕРЅС‚СЂРѕР"СЏ)

Features of K126 carburetors - device, tuning and adjustment

Under the K126 brand, the Russian industry has produced and is producing several different modifications, such as K126B, K126V, K126I, K126N, K126G, K126GM. Carburettors of this brand can be installed on Volga GAZ-24, GAZ-21, IZH, Moskvich cars, GAZ-53 and GAZ-3307 trucks, PAZ buses, UAZ SUVs of various models. The carburetor assembly (KU) cannot be called a too simple device, but many car owners disassemble, assemble, clean and adjust this unit with their own hands.

K126 carburetor device

The 126 Series Carburetor is a downdraft fuel/air mixer equipped with all the systems for economical and efficient operation in all operating conditions. CU has the following systems:

the main dosing station, which operates constantly under all operating conditions;
idling, allowing the engine to work stably at the lowest speed, without consuming a lot of fuel;
starting, this system makes it possible to start the motor at low temperatures;
economizer, enriches the gasoline mixture at increased loads;
an accelerator pump, due to which a smooth increase in engine speed is ensured when the accelerator (gas) pedal is pressed sharply;
a float chamber that maintains a constant fuel level.

Adjustment of carburetors K126

The main adjustment work that is carried out with the KU of the 126th model is:

idle setting;
setting the fuel level in the float chamber;
debugging the trigger mechanism (with a "cold" start);
adjustment of the piston stroke of the accelerator pump

warm up the engine to working condition;
set the desired idle speed by ear with the quantity screw;
we unscrew the quality screws for the left and right groups of cylinders by about 3 turns each;
we twist the screws alternately until the engine starts to “tune” and falter, then we gradually turn them out until the operation of the internal combustion engine stabilizes.

After this setting, we check the operation of the engine on the go: if the car stalls at the moment the gas is released, you should slightly increase the speed by tightening the quantity screw.

Carburetor K126: jets, types and selection

Among the dosing elements that can be replaced and the parameters for the intake of the fuel-air mixture can be adjusted, it is worth noting:

large/small diffusers for both chambers;
GDS jets (main dosing system);
economizer sprayers and accelerator pump;
idle jets.

Not all car owners are satisfied with the factory parameters of carburetors, the main reasons for the claims arising from this unit:

sluggish acceleration of the car;
dips during hard acceleration;
increased fuel consumption.

In order to somehow change the situation for the better, many drivers are trying to install larger fuel jets, and smaller air jets, use larger diameter diffusers. It is difficult to give specific advice on what is better for one or another modification of the K126, since in each case an individual approach is needed, fitting parts with subsequent testing of the car on the track. Interesting information can always be gleaned from various forums, and on the net you can find tables with the parameters of dosing elements for many modifications of the "126s".

Fuel level in the K126 carburetor

Consider how you can find out the gasoline level using the example of the K135 model (a complete analogue of the K126, which is installed on GAZ-53/3307/66 trucks):

K126 carburetor tuning, tuning

Japanese-made jets, suitable in size and parameters, compare favorably with domestic parts by high manufacturing accuracy, and imported shut-off valve needles guarantee a stable fuel level in the float chamber, preventing overflow, sticking and other troubles (suitable for some Mercedes models). If there is a significant air leak, the upper and lower surfaces of the main body are processed (polished).

Modifications of K126 carburetors

In fact, many variants of the "126s" are interchangeable, they differ mainly in the lower part of the housing ("sole"), the upper cover (different mount for the air filter housing). Of course, each of the carburetor units is equipped with its own jets, but they can be easily changed. The only thing that cannot be done is to install the carburetor from the truck to the passenger car, and also in the reverse order, here they already have significant differences.

The era of carburetor technology is long gone. Today, fuel enters the car's engine under electronic control. However, cars that have carburetors in their fuel system still remain. In addition to retro cars, there are still quite working "horses" - UAZs, as well as classics from the Togliatti Automobile Plant. And that means that the ability to understand the device, carry out maintenance, repair the carburetor remains in price.

This article will focus on the K126G carburetor. K126G is a delicate event that requires certain skills and a good knowledge of its composition and principles of operation. But first, let's remember a little about what a carburetor is.

About carburetor systems

So what is a carburetor? Translated from French carburation - "mixing". From here, the purpose of the device becomes clear - to create a mixture of air and fuel. After all, it is the fuel-air mixture that is ignited by the spark of a car candle. Due to their simple design, carburetors are now used on low-power lawnmower and chainsaw engines.

There are several varieties of carburetors, but everywhere the main components will be a float chamber and one or more mixing chambers. The principle of the float chamber is similar to the valve mechanism of the toilet bowl. That is, the liquid enters to a certain level, after which the locking device is activated (for a carburetor, this is a needle). The fuel enters the mixing chamber through the atomizer along with air.

The carburetor is a fairly thin device to set up. Adjustment of the K126G carburetor should be made at every maintenance and any problem. A properly tuned fuel-air mixture supply unit ensures even engine operation.

K126G carburetor device

The K126G carburetor is a typical representative of the two-chamber version. That is, the K126G contains a float and two mixing chambers. And if the first one works constantly, then the second one starts to work only in dynamic modes with sufficient load.

The K126G carburetor, the device whose adjustment and repair is described in this article, is quite popular for UAZ vehicles. The device is very unpretentious in operation and resistant to debris.

The float chamber K126G has a viewing window, which can be used to determine the fuel level. The carburetor incorporates several subsystems:

idle move;
starting a cold engine;
accelerator pump;
economizer.

The first three work only in the primary chamber, and a separate atomizer is provided for the economizer system, which is output to the air channel of the second chamber of the carburetor. The general control of the device is carried out using the "suction" system and the accelerator pedal.

Applicability K126G

The carburetor marked "K126G" was installed and is still being serviced on Gaz-24 Volga and UAZ vehicles, with mainly UMZ-417 engines. UAZ car owners especially love this model for its unpretentiousness and ability to work even with clogged fuel.

With minor modification (drilling a hole), K126G is installed on A, it can be either a UAZ or a Gazelle. The predecessor of the K126G can be considered the K151, and the next model is the K126GM.

Adjusting the K126G carburetor is the most popular question among carburetors. But first, let's look at the various problems that can happen with the K126G.

Possible malfunctions

All malfunctions of the described system are either visually visible or easy to check. One of the main problems is the unstable operation of the engine at idle, or there are none at all. The K126G carburetor, whose fuel consumption adjustment is normal, allows the engine to idle without any problems.

The second point, which shows that the device is faulty and requires adjustment, is an increase in fuel consumption. There may be several reasons, so adjustment does not always help.

Scheduled regular cleaning of all constituent elements can solve the problem. Incomplete cleaning is also possible with the carburetor not removed from the car, but it is undesirable. K126G, like any mechanical device, prefers good care.

Carburetor adjustment K126G

The need to adjust the carburetor may arise for various reasons. This may be scheduled maintenance or troubleshooting issues. Moreover, a simple adjustment according to the instructions is quite simple to perform. The downside is that it does not always help in the decision. Experienced mechanics with extensive experience in carburetor repair do not take up work without

In order for the air-fuel mixing device to function without interruption and not require constant adjustment, timely maintenance is necessary. It is enough to make an elementary inspection for leakage and tightness and flush the carburetor at least partially. Sometimes it is necessary to check the fuel level in the float chamber, as well as the throughput of the jets, both fuel and air.

If we approach the issue systematically, then it is necessary to distinguish the following types of carburetor settings:

idle move;
fuel level in the chamber with a float;
economizer valve.

Adjusting the K126G carburetor on a UAZ most often involves adjusting a specific idle speed. So, let's consider the sequence of actions to restore auto stability at idle.

Instructions for adjusting idling K126G

Adjustment of stability of work of the engine is carried out by two screws. One determines the amount of the fuel-air mixture, and the second determines the quality of its enrichment in K126G. Carburetor adjustment, the instructions of which are given below, is carried out in stages:

With the car turned off, tighten the mixture enrichment screw until it stops, and then unscrew it by 2.5 turns.
Start the car engine and warm it up.
With the first screw, achieve accurate and stable engine operation at about 600 rpm.
With the second screw (enrichment of the mixture), gradually deplete its composition so that the engine continues to work stably.
With the first screw we increase the number of revolutions by 100, and with the second we decrease them by the same amount.

The correctness of the adjustment is checked by increasing the speed to 1500 and then closing the throttle. In this case, the turnover should not fall below the permissible values.

Adjusting the fuel level in the float chamber

Over time, it may happen that the level of gasoline in the float chamber changes. Normally, it should fluctuate within 18-20 mm from the bottom surface of the connector, which is determined through the viewing window of the carburetor. If visually this is not the case, then it is necessary to make an adjustment.

Changing the fuel level in the K126G chamber is carried out by bending the tongue of the float lever. This is done very carefully, trying not to damage the seal washer made of special gasoline-resistant rubber.

Variety of manufacturers

Among the manufacturers of the K126G carburetor there were:

"Solex";
"Weber";
"Pekar".

Today, it is Pekar that has gained the most popularity. Users note in the reviews more stable operation, as well as high dynamic qualities with economical fuel consumption in the region of 10 liters per 100 km. It is worth noting that the Pekar K126G carburetor is adjusted in the same way as above.

Advantages and disadvantages of K126G

The K126G carburetor is quite popular with UAZ owners. It is appreciated for a number of advantages that are not available in more modern models:

stable operation in the presence of clogging;
unpretentiousness to fuel quality;
sufficient savings.

The K126G carburetor, whose mixture quality is adjusted regularly, will work without any problems. Simplicity of a design - a guarantor of reliability. In this case, it will comply, but subject to scheduled maintenance.

K126G has one unpleasant drawback. In case of overheating, the body of the device may be deformed. This happens when the carburetor threaded connections are overtightened.

Conclusion

As experience shows, adjusting the K126G carburetor is not such a difficult issue. And timely maintenance of the device will significantly extend its life. All this, together with the unpretentiousness of the K126G, attracts owners of carbureted cars.