Protection against leafworm on an apple tree. How to deal with leafworm

Before getting rid of the leafworm on fruit trees, it is important to identify the type of insect and select the necessary measures to influence it.

The most common type on an apple tree is a fruit leaflet. Archips variegana Schiff. (syn. Argyroploce variegana Hb.) - a butterfly with a wingspan of 17-21 mm, the front wings are brown or dark gray, light in the upper part and have a few dark spots, the hind wings are solid, dark gray. Caterpillar up to 20 mm long, gray-green. The head, legs, thoracic and anal shields and warts all over the body are black. The pupa is dark olive, turning black-brown before the butterfly emerges.

Older caterpillars hibernate in cocoons under dry leaves and in crevices of the bark. Therefore, the remedy for leafworms on fruit trees should be applied immediately after the snow cover has melted.

In spring, the caterpillars emerge from their cocoons and feed on the opening buds, which turn brown and fall off. Later, the caterpillars twist up the ends of the leaves and fasten them with a cobweb into a lump together with the inflorescence, in which they feed. Often caterpillars feed on leaves without webs. Having finished feeding, at the end of May-June, the caterpillars pupate between two undamaged leaves pulled together by cobwebs. After 9-15 days, a butterfly flies out.

After feeding on nectar and fertilization, females lay up to 100 eggs, placing them one at a time on leaves and fruits. After 8-12 days, caterpillars hatch and feed until autumn, skeletonizing leaves and fruits. Leafworm is polyphagous, damages everything fruit trees, many hardwoods and berry bushes.

Control measures. Preventive spraying of all trees and shrubs during bud break with a preparation from a leaflet on fruit trees: fufanon or its analogues (chemifos, karbofos) are more often used. Collection and destruction of caterpillars and pupae in twisted leaves, collection of carrion with leafworm caterpillars.

How to deal with leafworm on fruit trees

Multi-colored fruit leaflet Acleris variegana Den. et Schiff. - a butterfly with a wingspan of 18-24 mm. Caterpillar 16-18 mm long, gray-green, anal shield yellow-brown, head and occipital shield black. Caterpillars are harmful in April-May, feeding on buds and young leaves, which are often pulled together by cobwebs into a bundle.

Control measures the same as against the fruit leaflet.

Look at this caterpillar leaf roller in the photo, which illustrates its distinctive features.

Serpentine leaflet, or selenium leaflet Ancylis selenana Gn. , - the smallest of the leaf rollers, its wingspan is 10-12 mm. The forewings are brownish-brown with a yellowish-white oval spot along the outer edge, the hindwings are dark gray with a yellow fringe.

How to deal with the leafworm on the trees in your garden depends on the degree of thickening of the crown. If the tree is in a neglected state, you need to thin out the skeletal branches. Young caterpillars are yellow-green, with translucent intestines. At an older age, the color of the caterpillars is lemon yellow, there are warts with light hairs on the body, the body length is 9-10 mm. The head and anal shield are light brown, the thoracic shield is pale with dark dots, and the legs are yellow.

The pupa is pale yellow, 6-7 mm long, has 8 yellow hooks at the end of the abdomen. Older caterpillars hibernate in fallen leaves, in early spring they pupate in the leaves or in the cracks of the bark and after 9-12 days butterflies fly out. Mass flight is observed in May. Females lay eggs on the upper side of the leaves one by one or 3-5 pieces, the fecundity of each is up to 70 eggs. Hatching caterpillars skeletonize leaves, gnawing out areas of pulp.

Feeding lasts 18-20 days, after which the caterpillars pupate between the glued leaves on which they fed. From July, the second generation of butterflies begin to fly, mass flight occurs at the end of July - beginning of August. Hatching caterpillars feed until late autumn, and with the onset of frosts they fall into a state of diapause and hibernate between fallen leaves glued together with cobwebs.

Caterpillars of the second generation skeletonize the leaves and damage the fruits, gnawing deep holes in them, and glue the leaves to the fruits with a cobweb. In places of damage, fruit rot develops. The leaf roller damages all fruit and many berry crops.

Control measures. Spraying all fruit trees and shrubs two weeks after the end of flowering of apple trees with Fufanon or its analogues (Kemifos, Karbofos, etc.). Collection and burning of fallen leaves in autumn or spring.

Means of dealing with leafworms in the garden

The fight against the leaf roller in the garden must continue constantly. This insect is able to feed on many crops. But most often it affects the apple tree. It also harms flowers: roses, peonies, lilies, etc. When choosing means to combat the leafworm, consider its variety and choose the safest and most effective preparations against the pest for the garden. In the garden, the rose leaf and the variegated golden fat are often found, they cause significant damage to berry and fruit crops.

rose leaf Tortix rosana L. (syn. Archips rosana L., Cacoecia rosana L.) - a butterfly with a wingspan of 18-22 mm in females and 14-19 mm in males. The forewings are ocher-golden or dark brown with narrow wavy stripes and a few spots, the hindwings are light brown with a pinkish tinge at the base. Caterpillars 17-20 mm long, green and grayish-green in color, with a shiny brown head, covered with light sparse hairs. The pupa is green, later becoming dark brown with a lighter belly. Pupa of female 9-13 mm long, male - 5-7 mm. The rose leafworm develops in one generation and damages many fruit and berry and ornamental plants. Eggs overwinter in oviposition under a shield on the bark of trees and shrubs. In the spring, after bud break, caterpillars hatch, which begin to feed on buds and leaves, and later on flowers and fruits.

Caterpillars live in twisted leaves, from which they emerge to feed on neighboring leaves. Caterpillars feed for 25-40 days, after which they pupate in the leaves in the same place. Butterflies fly out in 8-14 days, mass flight is observed in June - the first half of July. After fertilization, each female lays up to 250 eggs in groups of eggs, covered with smooth shields. The leaf roller is polyphagous, feeds on many hardwoods and is ubiquitous.

Control measures with a leaflet include preventive spraying in the spring, immediately after bud break, all fruit and berry and ornamental plants in the garden with the drug Fufanon or its analogues (Kemifos, Karbofos), as well as drugs, Actellik, caviar, Inta-Vir, taking into account the waiting time. Single caterpillars in twisted leaves can be collected and destroyed. Repeated sprayings of the garden after flowering fruit also reduce the number of flying leafworm butterflies. However, treatments against butterflies are less effective, as they fly at dusk and at night, and hide under the leaves of plants during the day.

Leaflet-fat motley-golden Archips xylosteana L. (syn. Tortix xylosteana L., Cacoecia xylosteana L.) - a butterfly with a wingspan of 19-22 mm in males and 22-24 in females. Forewings with a bright red pattern, bordered by light, almost silvery curved lines, hindwings are brownish. The female lays eggs in batches of 6. The caterpillars are similar in size and color to the caterpillars of the rose leaf roller. The length of the caterpillar is 17-20 mm, the color is green and grayish-green, the body is covered with light sparse hairs, the head is brown, shiny. Pupa 11-12 mm long, dark brown, abdomen with dark transverse stripes. The end of the abdomen is elongated, has 4 hook-shaped setae at the apex and two each on the sides.

Caterpillars live in twisted leaves, from which they emerge to feed on neighboring ones. In contrast to the caterpillars of the pink leafworm, the caterpillars of the variegated golden leafworm twist the leaves into a tube across the central vein.

Caterpillars feed for 25-40 days, after which they pupate in the leaves in the same place. Butterflies fly out in 8-14 days, mass flight is observed in June - the first half of July. The leaf roller is polyphagous, feeds on fruit and berry crops, hardwoods.

Control measures the same as against rose leaf.

Measures to combat leafworm fat hawthorn

Hawthorn Leaf Roller Archips crataegana Hb. (syn. Cacoecia crataegana Hb.) - a butterfly with a wingspan of 26-27 mm in females and 19-21 mm in males. The color of the forewings varies from brown to grey-brown. The female has a wide brown-brown band, the males have velvety dark spots, hindwings are light brown. The eggs are yellow, in oviposition, covered with a waxy lump on top.

Caterpillars at a younger age are light gray, at an older age they are grayish green and velvety black, up to 20-26 mm long. The pupa is matte black. One generation develops. Eggs overwinter in egg-laying, each from 10 to 70 pcs. In the spring, during bud break, the caterpillars come out and begin to feed, the nature of the damage is similar to that of the rose leaf roller. Older caterpillars live in leaves, fastening them along the central vein. Having finished feeding, caterpillars pupate in late June - early July, and after 10-12 days butterflies emerge. Females lay eggs for 20 days of oviposition, the fecundity of each female is about 270 eggs. The leaf roller damages all fruit and many deciduous trees and shrubs.

Control measures with a leaflet are the same as against a rose leaf.

Remedy for leafworm lead strip on trees

Lead-striped leaf roller Ptycholoma lecheana L. (syn. Cacoecia lecheana L.) - a butterfly with a wingspan of 16-21 mm. The front wings are dark brown, sometimes with a yellowish or brick-red tint, with shiny stripes of steel or lead color, the hind wings are dark gray. Eggs are green, oviposition in the form of a shield.

Caterpillar up to 20 mm long, pale green, head and thoracic shield light brown. There are sometimes 2 horseshoe-shaped spots on the head, and black spots on the thoracic shield. The pupa is brown with a darker back, 10 mm long. Caterpillars of the third age hibernate in a dense white cobweb cocoon. One generation develops per year. Caterpillars live in twisted leaves, from which they emerge to feed on adjacent leaves and fruits. It damages fruit crops and many deciduous trees.

The remedies for this leafworm on trees are the same as for the rose caterpillar.

Currant leaflet, or currant leaflet Pandemis ribeana Hb. , - currant butterfly pest with a wingspan of 24 mm in females and 16 mm in males. The wings are yellow or light brown, the base, the middle band and the upper spot are brown with a thin brown border. The hindwings are dark grey. The eggs are yellow-green; the females lay them on the upper side of the leaves in the form of an oval oviposition up to 1 cm in diameter.

Caterpillars are cylindrical, 16-20 mm long, yellow-green, greenish-brown at an older age, with a black head. Older caterpillars overwinter in a cocoon in the crevices of the bark. In spring, they feed on leaves, wrapping them in cobwebs and twisting along the central vein, and pupate there. The flight of butterflies is stretched from the end of May to the end of July. After fertilization, the females lay eggs, each up to 200 pieces. Hatching caterpillars feed on leaves and fruits. Leafworm damages many berry bushes and fruit trees.

Control measures. Spraying plants after flowering with one of the preparations: fitoverm, fufanon, kemifos, kinmiks, actellik, Inta-Vir.

Leafworm is a pest of fruit trees. The insect belongs to the family of Lepidoptera butterflies. Every year leafworm caterpillars cause damage to plants, damaging from 40% to 60% of the crop. In order to save apple trees from pests, you need to know what kind of insect it is: leafworm on apple trees and how to deal with it.

Leafworm butterflies look like moths. The insect has a dense body, which is densely covered with hairs. The main difference between insects is in a special way folding wings. At leaflets, they fold horizontally, while it seems that it is covered with them.

Butterflies do not harm trees. The danger comes from the caterpillars. Leaf roller caterpillars have small size. Their body length reaches no more than 2.5 cm. They are quite mobile, due to the presence of 8 pairs of legs. Caterpillars eat the leaves and fruits of plants. This is a very voracious insect that can cause significant damage to the crop.

From May begins the intensive years of leaf rolling. During this period, two generations occur. On the second day after departure, butterflies begin to lay eggs, while one clutch can contain up to 60 eggs. After two weeks, caterpillars hatch from the eggs. A sign of damage to the plant by leaflets is expressed in the folding of the leaflet into a tube. Hence the name of the insect. Such folding is formed due to the web produced by insects. Within a month, the caterpillar spoils the fruits and leaves of the plant, after which the period of pupation and transformation into a butterfly begins.

Prevention control methods

There are several effective methods control of apple leafworms:

• chemical way;
• biological way;
• mechanical method;
• folk remedies.

Let's consider each method in more detail.

Chemical method of dealing with leafworms

The chemical method of dealing with leafworms is the most effective option for the destruction of these harmful insects. It should be borne in mind that the leaflet on the apple tree quickly adapts to toxic drugs. Therefore, they need to be changed periodically.

It is also important to take precautions to keep chemicals from getting on the fruit. Chemical methods of processing fruit trees are resorted to when the number of pests reaches critical volumes.

The most effective chemical preparations that destroy pests include insecticides that are used to treat apple trees during the flowering period. The list of the most popular means include:

Before using the drug, it is important to read the instructions for use. Typically, 10 liters of water will require 5-8 ml of insecticide. One tree takes from two to five liters of the substance. Pest control is best done in the spring. But there are special preparations that can be used in the summer.

The list of chemicals includes:

It is necessary to change the chemicals in order to prevent the insects from becoming accustomed to them and reducing the effectiveness of the drug. Processing of plants is carried out on a cool day. On a hot day, the product loses its effectiveness. Insecticides also affect such larvae that hide inside the leaves. In the autumn, soil cultivation is also carried out. Leaf rollers can overwinter under a layer of soil or in dry foliage.

Insecticides are divided into two types:

• systemic;
• contact.

Contact preparations are less toxic, but do not always give the desired result. Systemic insecticides are more effective, but have increased toxicity.

Biological pest control

Pests can be controlled biologically. For these purposes, their natural enemies are attracted. Insectivorous birds are good helpers in the destruction of caterpillars. This task is handled by:

Because of this, it is important to take appropriate steps to attract birds to your garden. For example, to attract titmouse, you can hang pieces of bacon on the branches of an apple tree.

There is another way of biological control of leafworms on apple trees. For this purpose, microbiological preparations are used, which include pathogenic bacteria that contribute to the infection of insects. These funds include:

These preparations contain live bacteria that will help get rid of leafworms. The prepared solution must be used immediately, with prolonged storage, the bacteria die, and the effectiveness of the product decreases. Processing is done at weekly intervals.

Biological preparations are resorted to in the summer, when the use of insecticides is highly undesirable.

But at air temperatures above 23 degrees, these funds lose their effectiveness.

Mechanical method of pest control

The mechanical method of dealing with leafworms includes elementary actions, the essence of which is to capture pests and their subsequent destruction. For mechanical trapping of pests, special traps are used, which are a container filled with decoctions of herbs to attract insects.

The apple leaflet is attracted by the aroma of apple compote. Traps with fermented compote are distributed among plants.

This method of struggle is quite popular. But its effectiveness is low. This option can only be used in combination with other methods of pest control. The fight against leafworms can also be carried out by manually collecting eggs, larvae and caterpillars.

At the same time, the affected sheets must be removed. They are removed from the garden plot and burned in a remote area. Gloves must be worn for this procedure. In the autumn period, you need to carefully examine all the plants in order to search for pest shelters. The discovered wintering places are removed, the dead bark is removed, the fallen leaves are burned.

Folk methods of dealing with leaflets

There are gentle pest control methods that exclude chemical exposure. These methods include folk remedies. To save apple trees from leaflets, there are several folk methods.

To one of the most effective ways include the treatment of garden plantings with tobacco infusion or wormwood decoction. This procedure is carried out after the apple trees bloom. To prepare a decoction of wormwood, you need half a bucket of pre-chopped wormwood. Raw materials are poured into 10 liters cold water, after which they insist for a day. Then the infusion must be boiled well and diluted twice with water. The resulting tool is used to process trees.

Spraying is carried out twice with a weekly interval. Leaf rollers do not tolerate strong odors, so onion and garlic solutions are used to scare them away.

In order to prevent the damage of trees by insect pests, preventive procedures are required. For this purpose, experienced gardeners treat trees with a 0.3% solution of karbofos.

Processing is carried out in early spring, and after the flowering of the apple tree, the procedure is repeated. For the same purpose, plants are treated with a special preparation called "Prophylactin".

To prepare the solution, the product is diluted in 10 liters of pure water. It is important that one tree has no more than five liters of the composition. To avoid the invasion of pests, in the spring you can whitewash apple trunks. For these purposes, a suspension of white clay is used. All preventive procedures must be carried out systematically and in a timely manner. This is the only way to achieve the desired result.

Includes more than 10,000 varieties (shoots, codling moths, etc.). However, an ordinary gardener or gardener does not need to understand their classification in detail. It is enough to know that this is a harmful insect, which must be actively fought.

Appearance

Butterflies of this family resemble moths, with a wingspan of about 2.4 centimeters, with a thick hairy body. Their caterpillars reach 2 centimeters in length, have 16 legs, the body is greenish or yellowish, the head is black or dark brown. On the rings of the body there is a belt with peculiar hooks. For plants, caterpillars are dangerous.

Harm inflicted

Leafworms eat leaves and even stems of plants. different kind, entangle the leaves with cobwebs and fold them into tubes (hence the name of the pest). As a result, plantings weaken and die.

Fighting methods

The following pest control methods are distinguished:

Most of the drugs used against leafworms are insecticidal, divided into two groups:

• contact;
• systemic.

The latter are more effective, but also more expensive, contact ones are noticeably more toxic.

When destroying relatively small populations of pests, Alatar, Karbofos, Fufanon, Dursban, Landing, Atom, Ditoks, Binom, Aktara, Aktelik showed themselves well.

With a large number of pests, Alfatsin, Ivanhoe, Accord, Fastak, Fatrin do an excellent job of destroying them.

All of these funds can not be used at temperatures above 23 degrees, otherwise they will lose their effectiveness.

Of the pesticides, Inta-Vir, as well as Kinmiks, Rovikurt, and Fury, proved their effectiveness. However, it should be borne in mind that all of them are quite toxic.

biological substances

Folk methods

With a small population, it is recommended to use folk remedies that do not pose a danger to people and require minimal financial costs, since they are made from improvised and available ingredients. These include:

• decoction;
• tobacco infusion;
• decoction of potato tops;
• infusion of tomato leaves.

They must be used even before the flowering of plants on the site or immediately after it begins.

Traps in the form of liter jars with compote, molasses, kvass or jam, which are better fermented, show themselves well. They should be hung on trees, about one and a half meters high, and removed every morning, along with trapped butterflies.

Leaf rollers are the worst enemies of crops. They can cause great harm to plants and deprive the gardener of a significant part of the crop. How to deal with leafworm on fruit trees and what to do to prevent the appearance of a harmful butterfly? The answers and recommendations are collected in the article below.

Who are flyers

Leaf rollers are the worst enemies

How to deal with a pest

Mechanical Methods

The most common method of struggle, which is used in the first place, is mechanical. It is the removal of insects by manually dropping them. The affected foliage is cut off and must be burned, as pests or laid eggs may remain inside the leaves. However, if the plant is already badly damaged, this method will not work.

biological methods

This is getting rid of the leafworm pest using the food chain. Insects have enemies, and birds are one of them. Hanging seed feeders around the garden will help attract a whole rescue army, which will do a great job of ridding the garden of harmful insects.

Fighting the Leafworkers

Important! You should not pour a lot of food into the feeders, as well-fed birds are poor hunters for caterpillars and larvae.

Preparations

If none of the above methods helped get rid of leafworms, you need to resort to the help of insecticides. They are divided into 2 groups:

• contact (destroy insects only in direct contact with the pest);
• systemic (penetrate inside the treated plants and destroy insects. Usually they include substances with a high degree toxicity).

Destruction with chemicals is considered an effective, but extremely aggressive way. When processed, substances can penetrate into the pulp of the fetus, and then into the human body. For this reason, it is necessary to resort to this method of treatment only in extreme cases, strictly adhering to the instructions. Of all the insecticides, gardeners distinguish Alatar, Karbofos, Atom, Aktellik. Biologically active preparations - Lepidocid and Dendrobazzelin - are also doing well.

Important! Carefully study the instructions on the back of the package, as the effectiveness of some insecticides directly depends on air temperature and climatic conditions.

What to do if leaves curl on fruit trees

If leaves are curling on fruit trees, then the plant is definitely not healthy. For starters, it is worth conducting an examination to identify the cause of the disease. The presence of pests is not the only problem that can cause foliage damage. If during inspection no larvae and other insects were found on the visible surface, you need to pay attention to the general dynamics of the state of the plant.

Folk remedies against leaflet

Horticulture has been around for centuries, but chemicals and insecticides are relatively new. How did the ancestors preserve the health of trees, juicy and ripe fruits, which were often the main source of vitamins? Folk remedies have long been the only weapon against harmful insects. Their advantages are that raw materials are used for cooking, which can be found in any home. Besides folk recipes act quite gently and do not harm the fruit. Through trial and error, the most effective remedies for leafworms on fruit and fruit trees have come down to our days:

• Wormwood tincture. For infusion, the leaves of bitter wormwood are cut and dried during the flowering period. About 200 g of the plant is poured into 1 liter of boiling water and insisted in a dark place for 3 days. After that, the liquid is poured into a spray bottle and the affected, twisted leaves are sprayed. Wormwood has a bitter, specific smell that repels not only leafworms, but also other insects. Marigold inflorescences have the same properties, which should be grown in close proximity to fruit crops.
• Potato infusion. The most common and easiest way. To prepare it, 2 kg of tops are finely chopped and pour 5 liters of boiled water. After cooling the infusion add 20 g liquid soap or other foaming component. The solution can be used to treat fruits and leaves with a spray bottle or dishwashing sponge.
• Tobacco infusion. This method is the most severe and even toxic. Half a kilogram of shag is poured into 10 liters of boiling water, insisted for 2 days, after which it is carefully filtered through gauze or a fine sieve. The finished solution is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:2, where the second indicator is the amount of water. For greater effect, you can add a piece of grated soap, it will help clean the infected areas of the plant. It is not recommended to process ripening fruits with a tobacco solution.

Prevention

The most reliable method of pest control is to prevent their occurrence. Periodic prophylaxis ensures the good health of fruit trees and shrubs. Since the leafworm attacks weakened plants, special attention must be paid to their general condition. To maintain immunity, it is necessary to timely water, weed, feed and trim leaves that begin to curl. With the onset of autumn, the stem part also requires attention. The old bark must be torn off and burned so that all the bugs in it do not survive until the next flowering season. It is important to follow these rules for each object on garden plot, as harmful insects and fungi quickly spread throughout the territory. In addition to mechanical action, there are also chemical methods of prevention:

• iron vitriol enriches fruit crops with trace elements necessary for health;
• profelactin - a remedy from a specialized store for processing during a particularly vulnerable period of bud break;
• Lepidocide is a biologically active substance that is suitable not only for pest control, but also for prevention.

A healthy, blooming garden is the goal and pride of every gardener. By following preventive measures, you can avoid any attacks of harmful insects, fungal infections and viral infections.

Leaf rollers (lat. Tortricidae or Olethreutidae)- This is a family of butterflies, including more than 1000 genera and about 10,000 species. They are distributed throughout the globe, but most of the varieties live in tropical forests Asia.

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Leafworm pest - description

The leafworm butterfly looks like a moth or moth with a wingspan of no more than 2.5 cm. They usually have a thick body, densely covered with hairs, and wings that fold horizontally on their backs. Caterpillars of leafworms are almost naked, 1-2 cm long, with 16 legs, with a yellowish or greenish body and a black or brown head. The leafworm caterpillar on the abdominal rings has a belt with hooks. It is the caterpillars that cause irreparable damage to plants.

In a large family of leafworms, only two genera are well isolated - codling moths (pests garden trees and shrubs) and shoots (eaters of buds and shoots of coniferous crops). The remaining members of the family feed on almost all parts of the plant, including roots. In our article, we will talk about codling moths. The leafworm pest poses a serious threat to both fruit trees and shrubs, as it feeds on the leaves of plants, hiding in them, wrapping them in bundles or tubes and pulling them together with cobwebs.

Since there are too many representatives of this family and they all have both similarities and differences, in each section of the article we will give a description of one or another type of leafworm that damages one or another fruit tree or shrub. We will also offer you various methods fight against leafworm throughout the growing season, we will tell you what effective remedy from a leaflet to use to save a particular fruit tree and what folk remedies and preventive measures will help you protect your garden from this dangerous pest.

How to deal with leafworm

There are mechanical, chemical and biological methods of dealing with leafworms. Mechanical control methods are designed to destroy the caterpillars and create obstacles for their penetration into the garden. The list of such measures includes shaking caterpillars from trees, cutting and destroying leaves rolled by caterpillars by fire. The mechanical method of controlling the leafworm can also be called the installation of traps and various traps that collect or destroy pests - they do not pollute the environment and are safe for people and animals.

Under the biological method they mean the use of their natural enemies for pest control. In the case of a leaflet, it is best to attract birds to the site.

But the chemical method of destroying butterflies and leafworm caterpillars is considered the most effective, however, it should be remembered that pests quickly adapt to toxic drugs, so they should be changed or alternated. In addition, during processing, the toxic substance enters the fruits, and with them - into the human body, so resort to chemical method pest control is necessary only when the number of leafworms exceeds the threshold of harmfulness: if 5 or more caterpillars are found in the leaves on one branch, then it is time to move on to treating the plant with an insecticide.

Leafworm control measures should cover the entire garden, since its larvae easily move from one plant to another, slipping out of rolled leaves at the first danger. In addition, preventive measures against the leafworm should become mandatory and regular.

In order not to miss the appearance of leafworms on trees, it is necessary to conduct a daily inspection of the garden and take action at the first suspicion. The easiest way to destroy the young form of the leafworm is the caterpillar. How to spray this or that crop from a leaflet, we will describe in the following sections of the article. But if the caterpillars are already wrapped in leaves, the drug will not get on them, and although the spread of the leafworm will stop after treatment, the affected leaves with the caterpillars hiding in them will need to be manually removed from the trees and bushes.

The leafworm pest has enemies among birds. Birds, and especially titmouse, do an excellent job with caterpillars and leafworm butterflies. To attract and keep tits in your garden, hang tree feeders with unsalted pieces of bacon and unroasted seeds for the winter.

Remedies from a leaflet

How to get rid of a leaflet using chemistry? Insecticides that destroy harmful insects are divided into systemic and contact. Contact preparations are considered less toxic, but they do not always give desired result. More aggressive systemic insecticides are easier to deal with pests, but their cost is much higher. As a prophylactic agent and with a slight damage to the garden with a leaflet, the following chemicals have proven themselves well:

• universal insecticide Alatar, 3-5 ml of which must be dissolved in 10 liters of water to treat trees and bushes;
• broad-spectrum insecticide Fufanon, or Karbofos, 10 ml of which is diluted in 10 liters of water, and in special cases the dosage of the drug is doubled;
• insectoacaricide Dursban, which will need 10-20 ml per 10 liters of water;
• broad-spectrum insecticides Atom, Desant, Ditoks, Binom - 10 ml per 10 liters of water;
• broad-spectrum insecticide Aktara - 8 ml per 10 liters of water;
• insectoacaricide of enteric-contact action Actellik -10 ml per 10 liters of water.

Leafworms and biologically active preparations Dendrobacillin, Lepidocid, Bitoxibacillin cope well with caterpillars. The leafworm pest just doesn’t give up, so the treatment is carried out in several stages with an interval of 7-10 days.

But how to deal with the leaflet on fruit trees, if the pest occupation of the garden is total? How to process trees from a leaflet in this case? The larvae hiding in the foliage are destroyed with synthetic pyrethroids - Ivanhoe, Alfatsin, Fatrin, Fastak and Accord preparations. Apply drugs in accordance with the instructions at an air temperature not higher than 23 ºC - at more high temperature they won't work. You should know that pyrethroids are toxic to humans, so trees and shrubs should be treated with them only when other measures have not helped.

Pesticides Inta-Vir, Rovikurt, Fury and Kinmiks are effective in the fight against leafworms, but they are also toxic to humans.

The fight against leaflet with folk remedies

If you find not so many caterpillar-rolled leaves on fruit trees, try to deal with the pest without chemicals. How to treat shrubs and trees from leaflets without resorting to toxic agents? There are folk remedies for leafworms, such as an infusion of tobacco or tomato tops, a decoction of wormwood or potato tops.

Decoction of wormwood: pour half a bucket of finely chopped fresh wormwood or 700-800 g of dry grass with a bucket of water, insist for two days, boil for half an hour over low heat, let cool, strain and bring the volume of the broth to 10 liters. Before spraying, dilute with water in half.

Tobacco infusion: 500 g of tobacco dust or shag pour 10 liters hot water, insist for two days, strain through gauze, carefully squeeze out, dilute the resulting infusion with water twice, then add 50 g of liquid or grated soap to every 10 liters of solution and immediately process the trees. The infusion is poisonous, so precautions must be taken.

Decoction of tomato leaves: 4 kg of chopped fresh green tops and tomato roots pour 10 liters of water, leave for 3-4 hours, then boil for 30 minutes over low heat. Strain the cooled broth, squeeze out the remains of tops and roots. A decoction in tightly sealed glass bottles can be stored in a cool place for a year. Before use, the decoction is diluted with the same amount of water and 40 g of soap is added for every 10 liters.

Infusion of potato tops: 4 kg of fresh chopped tops or 2 kg of dry pour 10 liters warm water, insist 3-4 hours, filter and add 40 g of soap.

These products are quite effective against caterpillars if applied before flowering and immediately after it.

In the fight against butterflies, leafworms use dried fruit compote, a solution of molasses, bread kvass or fermented jam. They fill liter jars by a third, after which the jars are hung on trees at a height of at least 1.5 m for the night. In the morning, jars with butterflies that have fallen into them are removed so that they do not fall into traps beneficial insects, especially since leafworm butterflies do not fly during the day, but sit on the trunks and branches of trees.

Leaflet - preventive treatment

Plant health is the key to their safety. Usually only weakened or neglected plants are victims of infections and pests. Follow agricultural practices, carry out care activities on time and correctly - watering, weeding, pruning and top dressing. The crowns of trees and shrubs should not be too dense, and the amount of moisture and fertilizer in the soil should be within the normal range, since both their deficiency and excess are harmful to plants. Remember that weeds in the near-stem circle can attract harmful insects that will damage the tree or bush. The soil in the trunk circles should be loose.

To limit the spread of pests in the garden, it is necessary to collect fallen leaves and fruits from under the trees daily, especially if they are damaged by the codling moth. At the very beginning of the season, it is necessary to clean the bark on the trees, removing dead fragments, and cover the stems with milk of lime with the addition of copper sulfate or a chalk solution with Karbofos of a two percent concentration. Protect trees from mechanical damage and frost holes.

In addition to agrotechnical measures to protect the garden from pests, it is also necessary to carry out chemical prophylaxis. The first preventive treatment is carried out immediately after cleaning and whitewashing the boles and skeletal branches of trees, before the start of sap flow, when the air temperature rises above 10 ºC - at a lower air temperature, the larvae will hide under the bark and will not fall under treatment. Spraying from a leaflet is carried out with Decis or Kinmiks preparations in accordance with the instructions. The following two treatments are carried out with the same preparations - before flowering and immediately after it.

During the period of fruit growth, it is necessary to treat fruit trees and shrubs with one of the preparations - Fury, Karbofos, Kemifos, Iskra, Citkor, Kinmiks or Decis. After this, the treatment of plants with chemicals is stopped, but they continue to collect fallen leaves and fruits, remove leaves affected by the leafworm from the trees, hang traps and tie the trees with trapping belts.

After leaf fall, the leaves are raked in the garden, the soil is loosened in the near-stem circle and the trees, shrubs and the soil under them are cultivated with Bordeaux liquid or copper sulphate.

Leaflet on a tree

leaflet on an apple tree

Apple trees are affected by several types of leaflet:

• bud leaflet, or spinner- a butterfly with yellowish-white front wings. The root field is grayish-brown with blue, closer to the upper edge - a large mirror, surrounded by two brilliant lead-gray stripes;
• bunch leafworm- her front wings are brown, decorated with a pattern of transverse light stripes, diluted with yellow and bluish spots;
• eastern codling moth- a moth with dark brown wings with a white stroke along the front edge. At the top of the wings there is a black velvety border. Hindwings lighter grey-brown;
• hawthorn leaflet- a moth with gray-brown forewings in females and yellowish in males. On the wings, the pattern is dark brown, blurry in females, lighter in males. The hindwings have a lighter shade, in females with a reddish bloom;
• apple leaflet, she is codling moth- night butterfly gray color, reaching a wingspan of 15-20 mm. Caterpillar up to 18 mm long, light pink with a brown head. The pupa is yellow-brown, 9-12 mm long.

Leafworm caterpillars damage the buds, leaves and fruits of apple trees. How to deal with a leaflet on an apple tree? The fight against the leafworm on the apple tree is carried out by various methods, including regular preventive measures. At the beginning of the season, it is better to resort to the treatment of apple trees with chemicals, and when the fruits begin to grow and pour, it is better to use less toxic folk pest control methods.

Choose a warm day in early spring when the air temperature is at least 10 ºC, dilute 10 ml of Decis or half a liter of Prophylactin in 10 liters of water and treat the apple tree. For an adult tree, you will need no more than 5 liters of solution. Carry out two more treatments with drugs of similar action (Tod, Desant, Ditox, Karbofos, etc.) before flowering and immediately after it.

If rolled or balled leaves appear on the apple tree, remove them, but at the same time try not to let the caterpillar escape. Leaves with oviposition and caterpillars are best burned. Wear gloves.

At the height of summer, when the caterpillars have already hidden, it becomes not so easy to treat them with pesticides. In this case, the processing of the apple tree and the soil under it with peritroids - Alfatsin, Ivanhoe, Accord, Altyn, Fatrin or Fastak is used. We remind you that processing should be carried out at a temperature not exceeding 23 ºC.

As soon as the fruits begin to gain mass, the treatment of trees with chemicals should be stopped. Further, you can use only biological and mechanical methods protection of apple trees from pests - hunting belts and traps. Remember to remove fallen leaves and fruits. In case of urgent need, you can process the apple tree with folk remedies.

Leaflet on a pear

The pear is damaged by such types of leafworms: apple, plum, pear, oriental, cluster, frost, rose, hawthorn and oak codling moths.

Pear leafworm (codling moth) is a butterfly with dark gray front wings, on which transverse wavy lines are visible. On the upper edge of the front wings brown-brown spot. Hindwings brownish gray. There is a dark line at the base of the gray fringe.

oak leaflet, she is green leaflet- a moth with a yellowish head and a gray abdomen, pale green, and sometimes yellow-green wings with blurry edges.

Leaf rollers can destroy the entire crop: they eat young shoots, and the buds simply do not have time to form. In addition, in a tree depleted by codling moths, the level of winter hardiness sharply decreases.

How to deal with leaflet on a pear? Preventive measures in this case, they are identical to the measures taken against codling moths on an apple tree - in early spring they clean off dead areas from the bark and cover the bole and the base of the skeletal branches with chalk or lime mortar. Frost cracks and cracks are cleaned to healthy tissue, treated with one percent copper sulphate and covered with garden pitch. The first prophylactic treatment in the spring for still dormant buds is carried out at a temperature of 4 ºC with the already mentioned Preparation 30, which has a strong effect on pests that have overwintered in the bark of trees or in the soil under them.

In the future, for preventive and therapeutic treatments of pear trees from leafworms, drugs Decis, Desant, Atom, Binom, Terradim, as well as those that we already wrote about in the section about apple trees, are used. Treatments with chemical preparations are stopped when the growth of the mass of fruits begins. After that, you can use only folk remedies and mechanical methods of dealing with leafworms - weeding and loosening the trunk circles, collecting leaves with caterpillars wrapped in them, fallen fruits and leaves, hanging baits with fermented sweet liquid on the branches, putting on trapping belts made of burlap or corrugated paper. At the end of the season, after leaf fall, all fallen leaves are raked up and burned.

Plum leaflet

Plum leafworm (codling moth)- a moth with gray-brown forewings with a violet tint and a blurred mirror decorated with black strokes or dots. Hindwings gray-brown, lighter at the base.

fruit flyer, or changeable leaflet- a butterfly with a wingspan of 17-21 mm with brown-brown or dark gray wings with a bluish tint and white spots closer to the inner edge. The apical third of the wings is almost white, with streaks and spots of brown, bluish-gray or black along the outer edge. The hindwings are grey-brown with a lighter anterior margin.

The fight against leafworms on the drain begins with spring maintenance work: the boles and skeletal branches of the tree are freed from dead bark, after which the tree is whitewashed with chalk mortar with Karbofos or lime with copper sulphate. This is followed by plum treatments before bud break, before flowering and after it with Decis, Preparation 30, Prophylactin, Desant, Detox, Tod, etc. Spraying with Preparation 30 is carried out at a temperature of 4 ºC, and the rest work at a temperature not lower than 10 ºC. If there are few leafworms in the garden and on the tree, collect caterpillars by hand or process with decoctions or infusions of herbs and tops. Only resort to insecticides if the number of leafworms on the tree jeopardizes the crop.

All other events are carried out as described in the section on apple and pear.

Leaflet on apricot

Apricot most often affects the leafworms we have already described - oak, cluster, hawthorn, apple, plum, fruit, oriental and other codling moths of this family.

Measures to combat the leafworm are carried out in full accordance with the methods already described in the sections on the leafworm on the apple tree, pear and plum. We remind you that it is worth resorting to the treatment of garden trees with strong chemicals only if there are a lot of leaflets.

Leaflets on peach

leaflet on grapes

Most often, grape leafworm, biennial and grape leafworm settle on grapes.

grape leaflet is a butterfly with a wingspan of up to 25 mm and an elongated mouth apparatus. The hindwings are gray-brown in color, the front wings are greenish, ocher or shiny like brass, with oblique dark brown stripes that are more distinguishable in males, while in females they may be barely marked or absent altogether. Gray-green caterpillars with a brown head first eat out the buds of grapes, then they feed on young leaves, bending their edges and braiding them with cobwebs to create a shelter for themselves. One caterpillar, arranging a nest for itself, can roll up several leaves at once, which gradually dry out, turn red and turn brown. Grape leafworm caterpillars eat leaves, leaving only veins from them, damage inflorescences and clusters.

The processing of grapes from a leaflet can be started already at the end of winter: not only bushes, but also supports are abundantly moistened with solutions of DNOC or Nitrafen preparations, since a pest can settle there for the winter. During the growing season, grapes from a leaflet are treated with Cidial, Sumicidin, Metaphos, Fozalon, Ekamet or Tsimbush, Lepidocid, Lepidobactocid, Bitoxibacillin, Fastak. The last treatment of grapes with chemicals can be carried out no later than a month before harvest.

Remember to remove and burn the rolled leaves along with the caterpillars.

Currant leaflet

Currant bushes damage all the same types of leafworms that settle on fruit trees.

currant leaflet is a butterfly with a wingspan of up to 25 cm with a light brown abdomen and dark brown patterns in the form of a triangular mark on the front wings. As it matures, it gradually turns green and becomes almost an emerald hue.

One female currant leafworm is able to lay up to 150 eggs, and the caterpillars hatched from them gnaw the leaves and twist them into tubes. With mass occupation by this species, currants can lose up to 80% of the crop.

How to deal with currant leaflet? Try to treat the bushes with infusions or decoctions with caustic juice and a pungent odor - from potato or tomato tops, wormwood, onions or garlic. Loosen the soil under the bushes, collect and burn fallen leaves. If these plant-friendly methods do not help, you will have to use chemicals, which we described in the previous sections of the article.

Leaflets on raspberries

On raspberries, rose, currant, omnivorous, hawthorn, net, willow, variegated, frost and bud leafworms are most often found. However, raspberries are less damaged by leaflets than currants.

Frozen leaf roller is a small butterfly with a wingspan of up to 22 mm. In males, the front wings are brownish or reddish-gray with two round dark spots in the upper part. Hind wings grey. Females have gray, underdeveloped forewings, densely covered with long dark hairs, while the hindwings are absent. The caterpillar is dirty green in color with lighter stripes on the sides and with a yellow-brown head.

Mesh leaf roller has a wingspan of up to 22 mm, light brown or ocher-yellow front wings with a rusty-brown or red-brown pattern, and the hind wings are translucent, light brown.

The fight against leaflet on raspberries is carried out in the same ways as on currants. Thin out bushes, remove and destroy rolled leaves, fight weeds, loosen the soil under the bushes, and use folk remedies to combat leafworms as less toxic to humans as possible.

leaflet on roses

Leaf rolling in the garden, feeding on the leaves and fruits of trees and berry bushes, is a fairly common occurrence. But leaf rollers can also settle on flowers, folding their leaves like cigars. Most often, these are rose leaflets - butterflies with a wingspan of up to 22 mm in females and up to 19 cm in males. Their front wings are dark brown or ocher-gold with darker narrow transverse wavy stripes and a few spots. A translucent caterpillar up to 2 cm long with a shiny brown head can be painted in different shades of green. Rose leafworm eggs can withstand cold down to -27 ºC, but may die in a snowless winter. Caterpillars feed on leaves, leaving skeletons from them, after which they crawl along the tops of the shoots, gnawing out buds and buds, then crawl onto flowers and damage them.

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