Blood-thinning drugs: what is the best choice. List of blood thinning drugs Which drug is better to take to thin the blood

Erythrocytosis is a condition characterized by an increase in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin in the blood. A change in these indicators causes its thickening, which is bad for health. When the pathology is confirmed, blood-thinning drugs are prescribed for admission.

There are many drugs in this group. Before starting treatment, a comprehensive examination of the patient is required.

What is dangerous thick blood

An increase in viscosity in relation to the physiological norm causes a slowdown in the rate of blood passage, which leads to an increase in the load on the myocardium. The heart is contracting in an enhanced mode.

In addition, there is a violation of microcirculation in organs and tissues. The slow movement of blood through the vessels creates ideal conditions for the formation of blood clots and the appearance of atherosclerotic plaques.

As the pathology progresses, cholesterol deposits cause narrowing of the lumen of the blood channels and subsequent damage to the intima of the vessels (the inner layer of an artery or vein). A decrease in elasticity and a violation of their ability to stretch also increases the load on the heart.

The circle closes: thick blood causes atherosclerosis, which, in turn, raises the viscosity.

An increase in the strength of myocardial contractions leads to its depletion and the formation of heart failure. In the future, microcirculation worsens, ischemia (oxygen starvation) of all organs and tissues develops. As a result of pathological changes, the likelihood of heart attacks and strokes increases.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

There are no specific signs of the disease. Indirect conditions indicating an increase in hematocrit are:

• Constant thirst.
• Dry skin and mucous membranes.
• Muscle weakness, severe fatigue.
• Unexplained increased heart rate.
• Stinging behind the sternum.
• Cold extremities.

Children at increase in blood density indicators become whiny and always want to sleep.

For the diagnosis of pathology, studies are prescribed:

• KLA, biochemical analysis.
• Determination of hematocrit.
• Coagulogram.
• lipid profile.

To confirm the condition, a re-examination will be required. This will allow you to track the change in indicators in dynamics.

Additional studies for suspected development of erythrocytosis are:

• Determination of the quality of saturation of arterial blood with oxygen.
• amount of erythropoietin.

If necessary - according to indications - are appointed:

• Bone marrow biopsy sampling.
• Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity, small pelvis.
• ECHO-KG.
• Study of the hormonal profile.

Causes of thickening

Factors contributing to the development of erythrocytosis:

• Enzyme deficiency - a condition characterized by a lack of digestive enzymes, which disrupts the breakdown of food. Decay products enter the bloodstream. It gets acidified. The result is gluing of red blood cells, oxygen starvation of body tissues.
• Poor quality of drinking water.
• Violation of the liver - lack of vitamins and minerals reduces the filtration function of the body. This leads to a change in the chemical composition of plasma and an increase in hematocrit.
• Dehydration - the condition develops against the background of increased physical exertion, insufficient fluid intake, severe diarrhea or vomiting, and taking diuretics.
• Increased work of the spleen.

Deviation is increasingly diagnosed in young people. This is explained by the poor environmental situation and the high content of chemical components in the composition of the products.

Indications for the use of blood thinners

You can start treatment with medications that reduce viscosity only as directed by your doctor. You must first undergo laboratory tests, since the appearance of certain symptoms is not a reason to take anticoagulants.

When diagnosing hematocrit values ​​over 0.55, treatment is mandatory.

List of blood thinners

The following drugs with a blood-thinning effect are most often prescribed for admission:

• Heparin. The active active ingredient of the drug is an analogue of the substance injected into the wound by a leech when bitten.
• Warfarin. Indirect anticoagulant. Used for vascular embolism, thrombosis. In the therapeutic regimen, it can be combined with aspirin. It has many contraindications.
  
• Dabigatran (substitute for warfarin).
• Trental. Available in the form of tablets and solutions for infusion. The main indication is the elimination of circulatory problems that accompany diabetes mellitus, gangrene, varicose pathologies.
  
• Aspecard. The active ingredient is acetylsalicylic acid. Not to be used during pregnancy, diagnosed hemophilia, kidney or liver problems.
  
• Rivaroxaban. Produced in tablet form. Contraindicated in drug allergies, during gestation and breastfeeding.
  
• Aescusan. Normalizes the process of venous circulation, strengthens the walls of blood vessels.
• Fenilin. Refers to drugs that have an instant effect. Rarely used. Only in case of emergency. It has many contraindications.
  
• Cardiomagnyl. Allows you to control the level of blood viscosity.

Medicines are suitable for patients of all age categories. But independent admission - without passing a preliminary examination - unacceptable. Self-medication causes the development of serious side effects.

People who have crossed the line of 40-50 years deserve attention. At this age, taking drugs that provide blood thinning is more often a necessity. After 55 years, the formation of thrombosis, as well as diseases of the cardiovascular system, is not excluded.

If earlier Aspirin was prescribed for these purposes, today the list of medicines has expanded significantly. In older patients, use:

• Warfarin.
• Heparin.
• Exantha.
• Aspirin Cardio.
• Clopidogrel.
• Cardiomagnyl.
• Aggregal.

Modern blood thinners are taken as a course. Due to the cumulative effect, hematocrit values ​​remain normal for a long time. Sometimes up to 1 year.

One of the complications of pregnancy is the development of varicose veins. In the absence of therapy, the formation of thrombophlebitis, a condition in which deep veins are affected, is not excluded. The use of drugs with a blood-thinning effect is possible only as directed by a doctor. Most often, treatment is carried out with the help of the drug Curantil. Its action is aimed at strengthening the vascular wall, improving overall blood flow. In addition, the drug prevents the development of thrombus formation processes.

If a woman is hospitalized, then another medication is used in the hospital - Heparin. It does not enter the bloodstream of the fetus, but significantly increases the likelihood of preterm labor. That is why the remedy should be used only under the supervision of a doctor.

In the group of inexpensive drugs, they have proven themselves well:

• Acecardol.
• Thrombo ASS.
• Aspirin Cardio.
• Cardiomagnyl.

When choosing a remedy, it is necessary to take into account existing diseases.

When diagnosing varicose veins, in some cases, anticoagulants are prescribed in the form of injections, for example, Clexane or Fraxiparine. The desired effect will be provided by Kuranil or Dipyridamole tablets.

When atrial fibrillation is detected, Warfarin is used. With ischemia of the heart and a persistent increase in blood pressure, Cardiomagnyl is used.

The safest blood thinners for the stomach (without aspirin):

• Curantil - reduces hematocrit and is approved for use as a prophylactic drug that prevents the development of varicose veins and atherosclerosis.
• Ginkgo biloba.
• Warfarin.
• Heparin.

There is also a group of injectables (Urokinase, Streptokinase). Used in hospitals or ambulance teams. For independent use, they are prohibited.

Urokinase

It is prescribed in emergency cases, for example, with the development of a heart attack and stroke (acute periods). Recommended for the relief of heart pain, with an attack of angina pectoris. Contraindication:

• Pregnancy.
• individual reaction.
• Bleeding.
• Biopsy sampling.
• Puncture.
• Surgery in a recent anamnesis.
• postpartum period.
• Oncology.
• Ulcerative diseases.
• Traumatic brain injury.

Streptokinase

Produced in the form of a lyophilizate intended for the preparation of a solution for intravenous and intramuscular injections. Used during acute myocardial infarction, stroke. Contraindications:

• Aneurysms.
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Pregnancy.
• abortion.
• Birth of a child.
• Pancreatitis.
• Oncology.
• Sepsis.
• Tuberculosis.

Folk remedies

Medicinal herbs are considered as an alternative to medicines from the group of coagulants. Decoctions and infusions improve the biochemistry of blood plasma, reduce its viscosity.

Some herbs contain special substances - coumarin, escin saponites and salicylates - have an antithrombotic effect. The required result allows you to get a course intake of decoctions and infusions of the following herbs and plants:

• White willow.
• Melilot medicinal.
• Root of Dioscorea Caucasian.
• Hazel.
• Horse chestnut.
• Lungwort.
• Ginkgo biloba.

To stabilize the indicators of blood density, it is worth reconsidering the usual diet. The menu is recommended to include products that prevent blood clots, lower cholesterol and strengthen the walls of blood vessels. This is sea fish, kelp. They contain a large percentage of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, taurine - substances that are powerful antioxidants and improve overall blood flow. In addition, the diet should consist of the following products:

• Tomatoes (fresh).
• Turmeric.
• Cabbage.
• Onion.
• Cayenne pepper.
• Carrot.
• Vegetable oils.
• Sunflower seeds.

The blood will become more liquid if a person receives 14 microns of vitamin E daily. Fruits contain a lot of tocopherol:

• Peach, orange, tangerine.
• Watermelon, avocado, kiwi.
• Plum, cherry, apricot.
• Gooseberry, raspberry.

A good result is the use of honey. This is explained by the similarity of the composition of the product with the mineral structure of plasma, which allows its components to be absorbed by the body by 95%. Take honey according to the following scheme (in grams):

• Morning and evening - 30.
• During the day - 40.

Sweetness helps to increase the level of hemoglobin while reducing the amount of bad cholesterol.

Doctor's conclusion

Erythrocytosis is a serious pathology that threatens human life. Therefore, it is so important to monitor the state of health and, if uncharacteristic symptoms appear, seek medical help.

Thick blood - with a lack of fluid

The most important thing in life is health.

Blood clotting in the human body entails a lot of health problems.

Then there is a need to take various and blood-thinning pills.

Otherwise, diseases can arise that bring a lot of trouble.

And it is better to prevent the disease than to treat it later.

There are many diseases that require medical blood thinning:

• hypertension
• Heart attack and stroke
• Phlebeurysm
• Atherosclerosis
• Thrombophlebitis

Basically, all of the above begin to develop due to the cause of thick blood. We all know that blood is made up of 90% water and 10% formed elements.

When insufficient fluid enters the body, the viscosity of the blood increases. This change in blood consistency leads to the formation of blood clots that clog blood vessels and veins.

As a result of this, blood clots and many diseases can form, since the blood circulates incompletely in the body. And many processes in the work of each organ depend on the quality of blood.

Because one of the conditions for the full-fledged work of the body is a sufficient amount of oxygen, which carries the blood through the organs.

If you suspect the development of the disease, you should immediately consult a doctor, because at the initial stage they will help, but if blood clots appear in the body, then it will be very difficult, almost impossible, to get rid of them. A thrombus is fatal.

When blood circulation is disturbed and clots appear, then the functionality of the blood decreases in order. As a result, the work of tissues, cells and organs is disrupted. That is why it is necessary to maintain the quality of the blood.

There can be many reasons for the formation of blood clots:

• Drinking insufficient water and its poor quality (dirty, chlorinated, carbonated).
• Wrong nutrition. Insufficient intake of minerals and vitamins.
• Ecology. Living in polluted regions or near harmful plants and factories.
• Large consumption of sweets. Excess sugar in the body.
• Dehydration.
• Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight.
• Excessive physical activity.
• Acidification of the body and toxins.
• Increased functions of the spleen.

All these factors directly affect the quality of blood in the body. To understand that you have a thickening of the blood, you need to familiarize yourself with the signs:

• First, there is rapid fatigue and constant drowsiness.
• Secondly, irritability, loss of appetite.
• And thirdly, bad memory.

One of these symptoms may indicate a decrease in blood quality. Even depression can start as a result of education. This is due to a lack of oxygen due to poor blood circulation.

First of all, you need to establish food and drink. The amount of water is correctly calculated by 30 gr. per 1 kg. Weight. In this case, the water must be clean - mineral (without gas) or filtered.

Be sure to drink water half an hour before meals, and half an hour after. Tea, coffee and drinks do not count. Pure water must be supplied to the body.

A very important aspect for maintaining the body in a healthy state is blood thinning by all possible:

• Medical methods (taking drugs and blood thinning pills)
• Hirudotherapy - blood purification with medical leeches
• Using the methods of traditional medicine
• Consuming blood thinners

It is very important to take into account all these points and follow them, because no one will take care of your health except you. The main thing to remember is that everything is good in moderation.

They do not have a thrombolytic effect, but they can prevent blood clots and blockages in the veins and blood vessels, which lead to many diseases.

As a rule, such drugs are often used during the rehabilitation period after surgery, when there is a high probability of circulatory disorders and blood clots.

Also, such funds are relevant for blood loss or vascular diseases.

You should not engage in self-medication, since there are many such drugs, only a doctor can determine exactly which ones are right for you and in what doses.

Blood thinners are divided into two groups:

• Anticoagulants. This is a group of drugs whose action is aimed at reducing fibrin. As a result, blood clotting decreases and the risk of blood clots decreases. There are direct and indirect drugs. Direct - these are those that begin to work immediately after taking, for example, Heparin. And drugs of indirect action must be drunk in a course in order to achieve what you want. These include Fenilin, Sinkumar, Warfarin and others.
• Antiplatelet agents. These drugs prevent the formation of blood clots by aggregating platelets. The group of these drugs has many contraindications, so you need to take them strictly according to the doctor's prescription. The most popular means of the group of antiageants are Trenal and Aspirin.

Tablets are considered the most effective blood thinner because they are quickly absorbed and begin to work.

Aspirin

Aspirin tablets are a very popular and affordable drug. It is taken to prevent various vascular diseases and stroke. The norm is 125 mg. per day for an adult. This is a quarter of a 0.5 milligram tablet.

Many years ago, medicine proved the properties of Aspirin to thin the blood and improve its circulation, as well as prevent the appearance of blood clots, which reduces the risk of heart attack and stroke. People over 50 are recommended to take these pills.

Many cardiologists advise supporting your body with Aspirin. But it should be remembered that, like any medical drug, Aspirin has side effects. It negatively affects the work and functioning of the entire gastric tract.

People with asthma or ulcers should not take these tablets. It is better to choose other blood thinning drugs that do not affect the functioning of the digestive tract.

Cardiomagnyl

These tablets were developed by Russian pharmacists and have recently gained immense popularity. The tablets contain two main active ingredients:

• Acetylsalicylic acid
• magnesium hydroxide

These two components perfectly interact and complement each other's properties, as a result of which Cardiomagnyl reduces the risk of blood clots and blood clots. Acetylsalicylic acid thins the blood, reduces its viscosity and prevents cardiovascular diseases.

And magnesium hydroxide, in turn, softens the effect of aspirin, but does not affect its quality. Thus, these tablets do not disrupt the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and have much fewer contraindications than pure aspirin.

The tablets are not hormonal or narcotic, so they can be used at any age. Usually the doctor ascribes Cardiomagnyl to people with such diseases:

• Migraine
• Atherosclerosis
• Phlebeurysm
• Thrombosis
• High blood pressure
• angina pectoris
• Deterioration of brain activity
• As a prophylaxis in case of heredity to cardiovascular diseases
• In the postoperative period

When taking Cardiomagnyl, you must strictly follow the dose and doctor's recommendations so as not to cause complications.

Curantyl

Curantyl is prescribed to people who are at risk of developing varicose veins, cardiovascular diseases and in violation of brain activity.

It thins the blood and prevents the formation of blood clots and blood clots that can block and disrupt circulation. These tablets can be taken as a prophylaxis or as an additional tool in the complex treatment of the disease.

Phenylin

These tablets belong to the group of drugs of indirect action. That is, for its effective action, you need to undergo a course of treatment. Due to the action of the drug, blood clotting slows down and the risk of clots is reduced.

Tablets should not be taken for a long time, because they have many side effects. Phenylin can be drunk only under the supervision of a doctor and strictly observing the dosage.

Aspecard

Another representative of non-narcotic analgesics, the active ingredient of which is acetylsalicylic acid. Aspekard is famous for its antipyretic, analgesic and blood-thinning properties.

Aspirin in Aspekard slows down the work of enzymes that contribute to the appearance of blood clots.

These tablets are prescribed for the prevention of thrombosis, after operations - to improve blood circulation. In case of violation of renal activity and with lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, Aspecard is strictly prohibited to.

blood pills for varicose veins

Now very many people know varicose veins. According to statistics, this disease affects every third woman and every fifth man.

Moreover, this is only the official data of patients who turn to doctors. Varicose veins occur due to various factors, such as physical activity, overweight, chronic diseases or heredity.

At the same time, the vessels lose their elasticity, and clots form in the blood, which clog the veins. Treating varicose veins is very difficult and almost impossible except for surgical intervention.

Gels, ointments and tablets are relevant only at the initial stage of the disease. All these drugs must have the following properties:

• Blood thinning
• Strengthening the walls of blood vessels
• Prevention of thrombus formation

Tablets that thin the blood at should be prescribed by a doctor, based on the state of the vessels and veins of each patient. The most common and effective are such means:

• Phlebodia 600. The active components of these tablets prevent stagnation of blood in the veins, they improve blood circulation and relieve swelling.
• Detralex - this tool has similar properties. Thanks to these tablets, the vessels become more elastic, through which the blood passes, without stagnation.
• Thrombo ASS. This drug contains aspirin, which thins the blood. Tablets can be taken if there are no stomach problems.

In the treatment of varicose veins, complex treatment will be relevant. That is, taking pills and, for example, creams. When applied, the cream (gel, ointment, spray) penetrates through the pores of the skin and enters the painful focus.

The components of the product are able to affect the strengthening of blood vessels. But the result will be exclusively with an integrated approach. Without tablets, creams and ointments will not give any result.

Blood thinning in pregnant women

During pregnancy, a woman should more than ever monitor her health.

After all, now she is responsible for the health of her unborn baby.

The density of blood during this period is a fairly frequent phenomenon.

From 12 weeks, each is obliged to register with the antenatal clinic, where doctors will monitor the health of the expectant mother and the developing fetus every month.

Having passed a blood test, quite often you can hear that the blood density indicators are high.

This is not a reason to panic, but this fact cannot be ignored, as it can be harmful to health. Too thick blood can lead to the formation of blood clots in the body, increases the risk of heart attack and miscarriage.

It is better not to take blood thinning pills during pregnancy. Most drugs during childbearing and during breastfeeding are prohibited. To do this, you can use foods that have a positive effect on blood quality:

• Natural chocolate and cocoa
• Birch sap and decoction of birch buds
• Olive oil
• Pomegranate juice

It is also worth taking care of those that thicken the blood:

• Bananas
• Buckwheat
• Alcohol
• Carbonated drinks

In addition to proper nutrition, you need to monitor the daily routine, enough rest and sleep. After all, pregnancy is stressful for the body.

No need to ignore the heel cancellation rule. Besides the fact that walking is uncomfortable and difficult, it can lead to swelling of the limbs and the development of varicose veins.

Summing up, it should be noted that blood thinning pills should be taken very carefully and only after consulting a specialist. In addition to medical methods, it is important to observe proper nutrition and drinking.

Do not abuse fatty and spicy foods. It is also important to consume enough minerals and. Avoid excessive drinking and smoking. This will greatly reduce the chances of developing many diseases.

As for taking pills, it is important to strictly follow the dosage prescribed by the doctor. After all, the same drugs are taken in different ways, depending on the disease.

How to thin the blood is presented in the video:

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The function of blood is very important in the human body because it contains cells that are able to protect the body. If the blood begins to thicken, doctors prescribe blood thinning drugs.

Consider the causes of this phenomenon and give a list of pills and medicines that will help correct the situation.

Causes of blood clotting

• Consumption of food and water of poor quality;
• Diseases of the spleen;
• Slagging of the body with toxins (usually observed in patients older than 50 years);
• Lack of enzymes for the breakdown of nutrients;
• Dehydration, prolonged exposure to the sun;
• Excessive physical activity;
• Living in an unfavorable climate.

These factors affect the quality and density of blood. Early manifestations of pathology are drowsiness, fatigue, irritability, memory loss, depression.

Diseases that provoke blood viscosity:

• Varicose veins;
• Heartbreak;
• Atherosclerosis;
• Hemorrhage in the brain.

In the absence of compensatory treatment, all this can lead to the formation of blood clots, therefore, patients are indicated for use tablets for blood thinning and preventing thrombosis.

Methods of treatment

thick blood can be thinned with medication, folk remedies, medical nutrition, leeches and other methods. To enhance the effect, these methods are combined.

If you have a predisposition to this disorder, you will need regular prevention and control of your health.

Medical

The most effective treatment is taking medicines. Blood thinners funds contribute to the prevention of blood clots, improve the condition and quality of blood.

Each medicine is effective and good in its own way, but only a specialist has the right to prescribe a certain drug to a patient. Self-medication at least will not give a result, and threatens with complications.

List of blood thinners:

Each medication has its own instructions for use, so before drink drug, you should first read the instructions for its use.

still exist medicines, which not only liquefy blood, but also have additional effects. However, to achieve optimal results from their use, they must be combined with the main drugs.

These include:

• Phlebodia;
• Sermion;
• Mexidol;
• Diacarb.

Often used and angioprotectors. Recommended:

• Diosmin;
• Hesperidin;
• Actovegin;
• Angiovit;
• Troxevasin (or its analogue Troxerutin);
• Detralex;
• Omega 3;
• Venarus.

Products that do not contain aspirin

In addition to aspirin There are medications that will help solve the problem.

So, pill names which thin the blood without acetylsalicylic acid:

• Ginkgo biloba;
• Vitamins C and E;
• Curantyl;
• Warfarin;
• Lyoton;
• Phlebodia;
• Heparin etc.

What funds do you accept and how to liquefy drugs thick blood, the attending physician has the right to decide. In order to avoid adverse consequences and side effects, an independent choice of drugs is not allowed.

How to replace Cardiomagnyl?

On the pharmaceutical market there is a list of drugs that are analogues-substitutes for Cardiomagnyl, these are:

• Aspirin;
• Clopidogrel;
• Pentoxifylline;
• Dipyridamole;
• Acecardol;
• Cardiask;
• Trental;
• Aspirin cardio.

Each drug has its own contraindications and side effects, so you should consult a specialist before taking it.

Which is better - Curantil or Thrombo ACC?

Both drugs are most often prescribed during pregnancy, they are analogues in relation to each other.

Curantyl is prescribed to improve blood circulation, starting from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy. Before pregnancy, when planning, use Thrombo ACC.

The reason for prescribing these drugs may be hereditary thrombophilia or the indications of blood tests (coagulogram, etc.), according to which a hematologist or gynecologist determines the risk of blood clots in a pregnant woman.

In this case, drugs can be administered simultaneously.

Thrombo Ass contains acetylsalicylic acid and costs from 40 rubles, and Curantil - Dipyridamole, and its price in pharmacies is from 520 rubles. The difference in cost, as you can see, is very large. Therefore, if you need a budget tool, it is better to choose Trombo ACC.

Which one is better is decided strictly individually for each patient, depending on the purpose of treatment and indications.

Food

The diet helps to achieve positive dynamics while reducing blood clotting. There are products that make it thicker, others, on the contrary, dilute it.

Patients need to drink more fluids - water reduces the viscosity of the blood and improves the absorption of nutrients. An adult needs to drink about 2 liters of clean water without gas per day.

It is also useful to drink herbal and fruit teas (ginger, strawberry, raspberry, cranberry, green) and juices from fresh vegetables and fruits.

Video

The rheological properties of blood affect the quality of blood circulation, tissue nutrition and the functioning of the cardiovascular system. One of the important indicators is blood viscosity, which should normally be 4.5-5.0.

The thickening of the main body fluid makes it difficult to move through the vessels, complicates the metabolic process and eventually leads to serious consequences.

Blood thinners (anticoagulants) prevent excessive blood clotting and ensure good fluidity. They are used only as prescribed by a doctor and after passing certain tests.

It is believed that with age, the blood tends to thicken. This is influenced by various factors, including a decrease in the amount of fluid you drink.

Blood thinners are recommended by cardiologists for all people over 50 years of age. Some patients who have been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease may need anti-clotting drugs at an earlier age, such as in their 30s or 40s.

Normally, human blood consists of 80% of the liquid medium. Thickening of the blood leads to a slowdown in its movement, the difficulty in the flow of nutrients and oxygen into the tissues, and the deterioration in the removal of toxins from the internal organs.

Circulatory problems may result in the following symptoms:

• fast fatiguability;
• constant sleepiness;
• the appearance of signs of varicose veins;
• memory impairment;
• slowing down of analytical and mental abilities;
• deterioration in general well-being.

At first, such manifestations are not very pronounced, so a person may not attach much importance to them. But over time, it leads to more serious problems and deterioration in the functioning of many organs.

Increased blood viscosity contributes to the development of thrombosis and narrowing of the lumen of blood vessels. In turn, this can cause the development of ischemia in a certain area and the deterioration of the work of the whole organ.

Thus, blood-thinning drugs are recommended for both prevention and treatment of the following conditions:

• thrombosis;
• progressive angina;
• thrombophilia;
• heart attack;
• stroke;
• postoperative complications.

Separately, it is worth considering pregnant women, they may be given injections in the stomach during the period of bearing a child (usually it is Heparin, Clexane, Fraxiparin). The thing is that when the body prepares for childbirth and the upcoming blood loss associated with them, blood clotting increases. Basically, this goes unnoticed by a woman, but in some of them, due to the presence of pathologies, this can lead to serious consequences. In such cases, injections are given, sometimes droppers are given.

Briefly about the mechanism of blood coagulation and the action of drugs

The process of blood coagulation consists of several stages and is quite complicated.

For a general understanding, we will analyze only the main points:

• Under the action of the enzyme thrombokinase and various coagulation factors, prothrombin is converted to thrombin. At this stage, there is an increased activity of platelets, on the surface of which there are special complexes, which are called internal coagulation factors.
• There is an increase in the concentration of calcium in the blood and the transformation of soluble blood protein into an insoluble form of fibrin.
• Then the fibers of a physiological thrombus are formed, which firmly adheres to the vessel wall or clogs the site of injury.

Drugs that help thin the blood from blood clots can be divided into two groups:

• anticoagulants;
• antiplatelet agents.

The first group inhibits the coagulation process at the stage of fibrin production. They prevent the transition of fibrin into an insoluble form. The indisputable advantage of this group of drugs is the absence of a negative effect on the gastrointestinal mucosa, because they do not contain aspirin. This factor is important in clinical practice because all blood-thinning drugs require long-term administration.

Antiplatelet agents inhibit the adhesion of platelets to each other and prevent platelets from attaching to the vessel wall, preventing the formation of a blood clot. Most representatives of antiplatelet agents contain acetylsalicylic acid in their composition. Known to all, acetylsalicylic acid really has a pronounced blood-thinning effect if taken in small doses. But with prolonged use, aspirin has a damaging effect on the gastric mucosa, provoking gastritis or peptic ulcer.

Only a doctor should determine what a patient has and prescribe a specific drug. Self-medication in the field of cardiology is strongly discouraged. Despite this, some pharmaceutical companies offer several over-the-counter products that can be taken to prevent strokes and reduce blood viscosity in patients on their own.

Direct acting anticoagulants

This includes funds based on Heparin or its derivatives. Their pharmacological effect is manifested due to the ability to inhibit the work of the main factors involved in the coagulation process, as well as inhibit the formation of insoluble forms of thrombotic proteins - thrombin and fibrin.

Heparin is considered the standard anticoagulant and additionally:

• slows down the process of adhesion and activation of platelets;
• reduces vascular permeability;
• relieves spasm of the vascular wall, which is also one of the mechanisms for stopping bleeding and the clotting process.

Heparin is available in pharmacies in various formulations. For the treatment of serious systemic disorders, the drug is used by injection. In the form of an injection, intravenous injections, intramuscular and subcutaneous injections can be given. Such manipulations are performed by a medical worker when the patient is on inpatient treatment.

List of names of injectable anticoagulants based on heparin derivatives:

• Fraxiparine.
• Clexane.
• Fragmin and others.

Local application of heparin has a less pronounced effect and is characterized by shallow penetration into tissues.

Viscosity-reducing drugs based on heparin:

• Heparin ointment.
• Lyoton.
• Venitan.
• Venolife.

Topical preparations are often prescribed to relieve fatigue in the legs with varicose veins, as well as to reduce pain in hemorrhoids.

Direct thrombin inhibitors

These include drugs that stop the clotting process by directly blocking thrombin. The mechanism of action can be compared to the enzyme hirudin, which is naturally produced by leeches. Due to this, synthetic hirudin - bivalirudin and its natural analogues - lepirudin, desirudin, have found their use in medicine.

The list of such funds is not very wide. The most popular representative is Arixtra, based on fondaparinux and sodium hydrocitrate. The latter has anticoagulant properties, but is used only in laboratory conditions for blood preservation.

Indirect anticoagulants

These drugs affect substances that are involved in the process of blood clotting. They reduce the amount of proteins or coagulation factors, which indirectly affects the process of thrombosis.

Among them, the following subgroups can be distinguished:

• Preparations based on phenindione. Representative - Fenilin. Available in tablets, intended for regular use, the maximum effect is observed in about a day. It is not recommended to take it simultaneously with some hypoglycemic agents.
• Derivatives of coumarin. These include herbal products and synthetic analogues of natural coumarin. Representatives: Warfarin, acenocoumarol, Sincumar, Neodicumarin. Coumarin anticoagulants show a fairly strong blood-thinning effect, so the treatment regimen and dosage should be prescribed only by a doctor.

The pharmacological effect develops within a day after taking these drugs.

The treatment regimen involves regular use at the same time. An increase in the blood-thinning effect is observed when taken simultaneously with drugs for gout (Allopurinol), antibiotics (Cefuroxime, Norfloxacin, Azithromycin and others), hormonal agents (Testosterone, Tamoxifen) and others. In combination therapy, it may be necessary to reduce the dose of anticoagulants.

What is MNO?

The international normalized ratio is an indicator that must be determined before starting a regimen that includes Warfarin. After the use of medications, repeated measurements of this indicator allow us to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy. The value is calculated as the ratio of the prothrombin time of a particular patient to the standard indicator. The higher the result, the worse the patient's condition. The norm is 1.0 or a slight deviation from one.

During therapy with Warfarin, they try to achieve a ratio of 2. This is usually achieved within 10 days of treatment. After that, the indicator is monitored every 2 weeks.

New generation anticoagulants

Warfarin, as one of the typical representatives of anticoagulants, is quite difficult to select doses. For correct maintenance therapy, it is necessary to constantly measure the INR and take into account the individual sensitivity of the patient to this active substance. Pharmaceutical companies have come up with more advanced drugs that lower blood viscosity.

There are three main drugs:

• Xarelto. Very good drug with minimal risk of bleeding. It is one of the safest, does not require INR control. Designed for long term use.
• Apixaban (Eliquis). This thinner is used for venous thrombosis, as well as pulmonary embolism. After a week of treatment with the initial dosage, the drug should be drunk in maintenance amounts for life.
• Pradax. Often prescribed by doctors in the treatment of ischemic strokes. It can be used as a prophylactic for some surgical interventions and prosthetics.

The latest generation of drugs make it possible to change the treatment regimen and switch from one drug to another. It is necessary to start treatment with a new drug after Warfarin after the latter is canceled and an INR result of less than 2.0 is obtained. With the reverse transition, Warfarin is added to the modern remedy, and then the unnecessary medicine is canceled.

The process of blood clotting involves the step of agglutination of platelets, which leads to the formation of a primary clot and blockage of the wound. Antiplatelet agents exhibit properties that inhibit the agglutination process, thereby preventing the formation of a blood clot and preventing the stage of enzymatic blood coagulation.

In medical practice, all antiplatelet agents are divided into two subgroups:

• aspirin-containing and their analogues;
• medicines that do not contain aspirin.

Medications containing acetylsalicylic acid

They occupy the widest segment of the antiplatelet group. They come in different brand names and are available to patients at very different prices.

The most popular among them are:

• Aspirin.
• Aspecard.
• Aspirin Cardio.
• ThromboASS.

The main group of such drugs is NSAIDs, however, when taken in doses below 300 mg, the tablets exhibit an anticoagulant effect.

It should be noted that when taken orally, preparations based on acetylsalicylic acid are well absorbed in the stomach, and their pharmacological action develops after 20 minutes. At the same time, anti-inflammatory drugs have an ulcerogenic effect, which makes them dangerous for the gastric mucosa with constant use. Doctors try to prescribe coated tablets for the prevention of gastritis and duodenitis.

Combined products based on acetylsalicylic acid are also widely distributed on the pharmaceutical market. They contain an auxiliary component - magnesium hydroxide, which protects the gastric mucosa from the adverse effects of acetylsalicylic acid.

The best of them are:

• Cardiomagnyl.
• Magnikor.
• Thrombital.

Agrenox is another combination remedy. In addition to aspirin, it contains a second antiplatelet agent - dipyridamole, which enhances the therapeutic effect.

Medicines without aspirin

The most popular drugs of this series:

• Dipyridamole. The effect is approximately comparable to acetylsalicylic acid, however, in addition, dipyridamole exhibits a coronary dilating effect. The medicine is not very convenient to use, since it needs to be drunk 3 times a day. The advantage is the absence of an ulcerogenic effect. More often prescribed for angina pectoris and heart attack.
• Ticlopidin. The activity of this active substance is several times higher than the standard Aspirin. The pharmacotherapeutic effect develops only after a few days of administration. Absorption is also fast and complete. Designed for long term use. For elderly patients, the maintenance dose is often halved to reduce the chance of side effects.
• Clopidogrel. One of the most popular antiplatelet drugs, which rarely shows side effects. The strength of the effect is superior to Aspirin.
• Pentoxifylline (Trental). It is used as a drug for blood thinning and not only. In addition to improving the rheological properties of blood, it contributes to vasodilation and better saturation of the myocardium with oxygen. Such properties help to establish metabolism in tissues and normalize blood circulation. It is prescribed for angiopathy, atherosclerosis, attacks of bronchial asthma, microangiopathy in diabetes mellitus.

Drugs that are safest for the stomach

Means based on NSAIDs can adversely affect the condition of the gastric mucosa.

If there are problems in the field of gastroenterology, it will be better for patients to replace these drugs with others.

In this case, treatment for a stomach ulcer or gastritis may include:

• Clopidogrel.
• Dipyridamole.
• Pentoxifylline.

It is also worth noting separately Cardiomagnyl, ThromboASS, Aspecard, Aspirin Cardio - these are products that contain a minimum amount of aspirin, so they practically do not have an ulcerogenic effect (do not cause problems with the stomach and intestines).

Biological supplements are intended more for the prevention of strokes and thrombosis than for the treatment of existing pathologies. They should be taken with caution, not exceeding the recommended doses. Patients should not expect a quick and pronounced effect after taking such drugs either, they are simply not capable of thinning the blood.

To prevent the formation of blood clots will help:

• Flavopectin.
• Blood pressure is normal - it is also prescribed for hypertension to reduce pressure.
• Fucus Litoral - additionally increases the elasticity of the walls of blood vessels and strengthens them.
• Pine pollen.

What can be used during pregnancy?

The decision to take blood-thinning drugs for pregnant women is made only by a doctor. Low molecular weight heparins (Fraxiparine and Clexane) do not pass through the placental barrier, and Warfarin injections are very dangerous for the fetus.

For this category of patients, the use of heparin, Clexane injections, and the appointment of Curantyl are allowed. The dosage form (ampoules or tablets) is selected taking into account the patient's condition. Before the planned date of delivery, blood thinners are gradually withdrawn to reduce the risk of major bleeding.

During the first trimester, blood-thinning agents are not recommended, since this period is very important for the development of all organs of the baby.

Medicines for the treatment of thrombophlebitis and varicose veins

With thrombophlebitis and varicose veins, in addition to blood-thinning agents, it is necessary to use drugs to strengthen the walls of blood vessels and reduce the inflammatory process.

Blood thinning in this case is one of the mechanisms for getting rid of the underlying pathology.

Such patients are prescribed venotonics (Detralex, Troxevasin capsules, Phlebodia) and anti-inflammatory drugs that spare the stomach.

Drugs used for heart disease

Blood-thinning agents are often part of complex therapy for various heart diseases.

For example, heart failure is treated with cardiac glycosides, antihypertensive drugs and anticoagulants, arrhythmia with beta-blockers, indirect anticoagulants, antianginal drugs.

Warfarin, Sinkumar, Arixtra, Cardiomagnyl can be prescribed.

Absolute contraindications and side effects

Blood-thinning drugs are not prescribed to patients with:

• tendency to bleed;
• peptic ulcer;
• severe disorders in the liver;
• hemorrhagic diathesis.

Some conditions (pregnancy and others) are relative contraindications and depend on the specific medication.

Of the side effects of drugs in this group should be distinguished:

• problems from the gastrointestinal tract;
• bleeding;
• allergic reactions;
• headache, fever.
• sensory disturbance, osteoporosis.

People over 60 years of age, even in the absence of problems in the field of cardiology, are recommended to take drugs that help thin the blood.

Their appointment can be asked from a doctor who will help you choose the most effective and modern medicine.

Regular long-term use in minimal doses will ensure high-quality blood flow and several times reduce the likelihood of developing deadly conditions.

Best Blood Thinning Products:

Blood, as the internal environment of the body, is the connecting element that carries information about the state of absolutely all organs and tissues, ensuring their well-coordinated work. If failures occur in this system, this is evidence of general trouble and approaching diseases. First of all, they are manifested by thickening of the blood, which underlies all further pathological changes. Therefore, it is so important to maintain coagulation homeostasis at a stable level.

Juices for blood thinning

Drinking juices significantly reduces blood viscosity. Various fruit and vegetable juices are ideal for these purposes. Their positive effect on the coagulation system is due to the high content of vitamins and microelements responsible for the balance between the coagulation and anticoagulation systems. In addition, water, which is found in a significant amount in any even the most concentrated juice, replenishes the lack of fluid in the body. Daily consumption of one glass of fruit juice is sufficient for positive changes in the hemostasis system.

As for specific types of juice, they can be very diverse, containing components of one or more fruits. It is desirable that they were not canned, but freshly squeezed.

Reduces blood clotting very well against the background of the systematic intake of orange, cranberry, lemon, carrot, apple, peach, pineapple, pomegranate, banana-strawberry, currant and various other types of juice.

Separately, it is worth mentioning the exceptional benefits and their pulp. This juice can be drunk in large quantities. In addition to the anticoagulant effect, it is an excellent antioxidant. The same action is characteristic of fruits and berries from which juices are made: gooseberries,.

Only freshly squeezed juices have a healing effect on the body! Store-bought juices will only harm your health.

Blood thinning soda

This tool has been talked about more and more lately. A positive effect of soda has been recorded in almost the majority of diseases and pathological abnormalities in the body,.

Harm. Of course, you should not experiment much and be zealous in this regard. Everyone unanimously argues about the benefits of alkalizing the body, but it’s hard to understand what this is connected with. After all, the environment of the body must be neutral or slightly alkaline, and its changes, both in the acidic and in the alkaline side, can cause irreparable harm. Therefore, soda can be used as a natural blood thinner, but only under careful control of your condition. Sometimes the body does not need alkalis and their additional introduction does not add health at all, provoking the development of rebound syndrome.

This is especially common in people with or with increased secretion of hydrochloric acid. Just its production can be protective in nature, saving the body from excessive acidification. The use of soda brings a short-term effect of alleviating the condition, which is the reason for its popularity. This is a normal chemical reaction, in which the acid and base only neutralize each other with a drop in pH, without bringing any benefit. In response to this, acid begins to be produced even more, which only exacerbates the underlying disease of the stomach. This must be taken into account before using soda as an anticoagulant.

Benefit. But one cannot fail to say about the positive aspects that are recorded with the internal and external use of soda in the form of a solution. One of them is a blood thinner. This is due to the fact that after absorption of bicarbonate from the stomach and intestines, it concentrates directly in the blood, shifting the pH to the alkaline side. In such an environment, the formed elements acquire the ability to repel each other, which significantly reduces its density and the risk of blood clots in the vessels.

In order not to harm the body, you need to listen to what he says. Therefore, before drinking soda, it is better to check the pH of the blood. If it turns out that he tends to the sour side, then alkalization can safely begin. Another important point when prescribing such anticoagulant therapy is the confidence that it is needed. After all, a person may have a slight acidosis (acidification), but at the same time there are problems with the coagulation system in the direction of reducing this ability.

Many consider this product an indispensable assistant for maintaining health, systematically using it according to a proven scheme. It can be said for sure that it is difficult to harm the body with apple cider vinegar. Therefore, its use can be attributed to relatively safe measures. Many of its positive effects on the body have been recorded, one of which is a decrease in blood viscosity.

The mechanism of this action can be explained by its slightly acidic reaction caused by natural beneficial components. Their entry into the body contributes to the removal of toxic acidic compounds, which are replaced by the active components of apple cider vinegar. At the same time, metabolic acidosis in the blood is eliminated, which contributes to the acquisition of more fluid properties by it compared to the initial level. Naturally, to achieve such an effect, a systematic intake of a substance is necessary, which may well replace the daily use of tablets with the same effect.

The correct intake of apple cider vinegar should be carried out in the morning. This is a very important condition, since at this time the body is most able to dump oxidized products. The recipe for preparing an aqueous solution consists of a glass of warm water and two teaspoons of apple cider vinegar. A single daily dose is sufficient. The duration of the course is from 2-3 months to a year with 10-15 day breaks every 2 months. The only contraindication is gastroduodenitis, peptic ulcer with increased acidity of the stomach.

Linseed oil

Another natural anti-thrombotic agent with many other positive effects. Its uniqueness is in its rare composition, which is represented by the majority of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). They are irreplaceable and must come only from the environment. There are not many products in the world that contain them. Linseed oil is one of them. The importance of PUFAs has recently been very often discussed by the public, in connection with which various preparations based on them have been created. But no chemical can compare in effect with natural compounds.

Proper intake of linseed oil should be carried out in this way. It is better if you drink one tablespoon of oil in the morning on an empty stomach. If this is not possible, it can be taken after meals. reception is strictly daily. You can take small breaks between courses. It is important to consider contraindications, which include cholelithiasis and a tendency to. For people suffering, oil will not only be a blood thinner, but also an excellent laxative.

Blood thinning products

The most common foods that reduce blood viscosity include ginger, cranberries, garlic and lemon. Seafood, vegetables and fruits, fish, greens have a slightly weaker effect.

Ginger. The root of this plant has healing properties. It is used as a food seasoning mainly in powdered or raw form. It has a rich chemical composition, in which the most important place in terms of blood thinning belongs to natural antioxidants and lipids. For reception, you can make tea from half a teaspoon of mashed tea, which is infused in one liter of boiling water. This is the daily dose. You should not exceed it due to the high activity of ginger, which is contraindicated when taking most heart and blood-thinning drugs, severe liver and kidney damage, the presence of sources of bleeding, fever, and also in hot weather.

Cranberry. A wonderful berry with wonderful properties, one of which is the reduction of blood viscosity. The berries of this plant are mainly used, both fresh and dried. You can take whole fruits, or you can include them in juices, fruit drinks, infusions. It is acceptable to prepare teas and compotes containing only or a combination of it with other components. The only contraindication for admission is gastritis and gastric ulcer with high acidity due to the high content of acids in its composition.

Garlic. Refers to products with strong blood-thinning properties. It is used raw and as a seasoning for foods. The use of one clove per day has a very good anticoagulant effect. A contraindication for use may be heart disease, pregnancy and lactation.

Lemon. One of the few products that has no contraindications for use. Lemon fruits have beneficial properties. At the same time, both its pulp and peel are active. Only the bones are toxic. You can take it in any form with the addition of honey, tea or plain water.

Medicinal herbs for blood thinning

Considering the issues of blood thinning, it is impossible not to mention medicinal plants. Many of them have similar properties, but the most active are and.

White willow bark for blood thinning. The anticoagulant effect of this plant is due to the presence in its composition of salicin, which is a precursor of salicylic acid. As you know, this chemical compound has good anticoagulant abilities. The difference between white willow salicin and its chemical counterpart is that it practically does not cause disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, and also does not provoke the development of bleeding. The combination of such properties with an excellent anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect makes it possible to use it even in pediatric practice.

The method of application depends on the form of release. If these are tablets, then the recommended dosage for adults is 2-3 tablets (1 per dose). This is enough to maintain the blood in a normal state. In the case of the purchase of dried bark, tea is prepared from it. Side effects are extremely rare.

Sweet clover. The leaves and flowers of this plant have medicinal properties. Along with healing properties, toxic ones are also inherent in it. Therefore, the intake of this plant should be agreed with the doctor. It is better to use the pharmacy forms of the plant, as there are a lot of subtleties in its collection and harvesting, which must be observed. Its blood-thinning effect is so strong that, when combined with some plants, it can cause menstruation during prolonged periods.

It is best to prepare an infusion or tea from the crushed parts of a dry plant. To do this, you can insist a teaspoon of herbs in a glass of water cooled to room temperature for two hours. After straining, take 0.5 cup 2 times a day. To make tea, 30 grams of flowers or leaves are brewed in one liter of water. Contraindications occur with heavy menstruation, chronic hemorrhoids and other diseases with the threat of bleeding.

Education: A diploma in the specialty "Medicine" and "Therapy" received at the University named after N. I. Pirogov (2005 and 2006). Advanced training at the Department of Phytotherapy at the Moscow University of Peoples' Friendship (2008).